{ "id": "ep3paan6cq", "slug": "b-ep3paan6cq", "title": "/b/", "updated": "2026-10-25", "topic_path": [ { "id": "culture", "label": "Arts and culture", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture" }, { "id": "culture.performance", "label": "Screen and stage", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance" }, { "id": "culture.performance.online-creators", "label": "Online creators and internet personalities", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.online-creators" } ], "geo": [ { "id": "geo.us.t2001.culture.performance.online-creators", "label": "United States · 2001 to 2020: Online creators and internet personalities", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2001.culture.performance.online-creators", "path": [ { "id": "geo.us", "label": "United States", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2001", "label": "United States · 2001 to 2020", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2001" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2001.culture", "label": "Arts and culture", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2001.culture" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2001.culture.performance", "label": "Screen and stage", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2001.culture.performance" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2001.culture.performance.online-creators", "label": "Online creators and internet personalities", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2001.culture.performance.online-creators" } ] }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.culture.performance", "label": "United States · 2021 and later: Screen and stage", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.culture.performance", "path": [ { "id": "geo.us", "label": "United States", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021", "label": "United States · 2021 and later", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.culture", "label": "Arts and culture", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.culture" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.culture.performance", "label": "Screen and stage", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.culture.performance" } ] } ], "excerpt": "/b/ is 4chan's \"Random\" imageboard: anonymous, highly ephemeral posts (about five seconds on the front page in 2010), once the site's most active board with about 30% of traffic, and a major incubator of internet memes such as Rickrolling and LOLcats.", "snippet": "/b/ is 4chan's \"Random\" imageboard: anonymous, highly ephemeral posts (about five seconds on the front page in 2010), once the site's most active board with about 30% of traffic, and a major incubator of internet memes such as Rickrolling and LOLcats.", "node": "culture.performance.online-creators", "markdown": "# /b/\n\n**/b/** is the \"Random\" board of the imageboard website 4chan, a forum where posts are anonymous by default, threads expire within minutes as new content displaces them, and the site's usual content restrictions are relaxed. It was 4chan's first and most popular board, accounting for roughly 30% of the site's traffic as of a 2010 study, and it served as an incubator for internet memes that later spread to mainstream platforms, including LOLcats and rickrolling.[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf) • [2](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pandre/pubs/4chanstudy.pdf)\n\n| Key fact | Detail |\n|---|---|\n| Board type | Imageboard on 4chan.org, designated \"Random\"; while most 4chan boards have a specific topic, /b/ is designated as random[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf) • [3](https://www.folklore.ee/rl/fo/konve/ishs2018/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Kuipers-seminar4_NissenbaumShifman-2015.pdf) |\n| Share of site traffic | About 30% of all 4chan traffic as of 2010, when /b/ was described as the site's first and most active board[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf) |\n| Posting volume | 5,576,096 posts in 482,559 threads over two weeks in July and August 2010; about 35,000 new threads daily[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf) • [5](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305119880020) |\n| Ephemerality | Most threads spend about five seconds on the first page and under five minutes on the site before expiring; almost half of all threads receive no replies[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf) |\n| Anonymity | Over 90% of posts carry the default name \"Anonymous\" (90.07% in the 2010 sample); traditional reputation systems are unworkable[6](https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/download/14134/13983/17652) |\n| Rules | The board-level rule states \"ZOMG NONE!!!1\"; global rules 1, 2, 4, 7, and 9 through 15 are enforced, and content otherwise banned site-wide, such as troll posts and racism, is permitted on /b/[7](https://4chan.org/rules) |\n| Cultural role | Considered a birthplace of many of the web's most successful memes, including Rickrolling, Rage Faces, and LOLcats[8](https://publish.iupress.indiana.edu/system/resource/4/3/c/43cf237a-65c7-4c5e-9807-4290125ff2a8/attachment/6cdcbd08b6e30d0debc93b36de8a002b.pdf) |\n\n## What the board is\n\nLaunched by [Christopher Poole](https://www.edgepedia.org/christopher-poole) in 2003, 4chan is an imageboard where users are almost entirely anonymous; it contains more than sixty sub-boards covering subjects such as video games, sports, and music, along with adult-oriented subjects including pornography and politically incorrect content.[9](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S8755461516300810) While most boards have a specific topic, /b/ is designated as \"random,\" a space for discussion on all topics that has traditionally functioned as a central space around which other boards' communities orbit.[10](https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstreams/38499a0a-151e-419e-8c3c-dfe2a72dec86/download) Its official board name on the site's rules page is \"Random.\"[7](https://4chan.org/rules)\n\nThe board's cultural importance predates its notoriety. The 2011 study by Michael S. Bernstein, a computer scientist then at the [Massachusetts Institute of Technology](https://www.edgepedia.org/massachusetts-institute-of-technology), and colleagues described /b/ as \"4chan's first and most popular board\" and noted its users' participation in highly visible off-site activities, including the hacktivist group Anonymous, which executed protests of the [Church of Scientology](https://www.edgepedia.org/church-of-scientology) and distributed-denial-of-service attacks against [Mastercard](https://www.edgepedia.org/mastercard) and Paypal in support of WikiLeaks.[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf) • [2](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pandre/pubs/4chanstudy.pdf) In the words of the board's creator, /b/ is the \"life force of the website,\" the place where \"rowdiness and lawlessness\" happen.[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf)\n\n## Anonymity and identity signals\n\nPosts on /b/ are fully anonymous by default and very rarely contain pseudonyms or other identity signals. This lack of persistent identity makes traditional reputation systems unworkable; there are no accounts, and users cannot build a reputation across visits.[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf) In the Bernstein study's two-week sample, 5,022,149 posts, 90.07% of the total, used the default name \"Anonymous,\" with the next most common names each accounting for about 1% of posts.[6](https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/download/14134/13983/17652) The study's summary states that over 90% of posts are made by fully anonymous users, with other identity signals such as the optional name field adopted and discarded at will.[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf)\n\nBecause there are no persistent accounts, users establish status through alternative mechanisms, in particular through language and differentiated social practices, rather than through accumulated post history.[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf) A content analysis in the same study found the community dominated by playful exchanges of images and links.[1](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf) For comparison, fully anonymous posts made up only 18.6% of comments on Slashdot, a technology discussion site that allows anonymous posting but where pseudonymity is the norm.[2](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pandre/pubs/4chanstudy.pdf)\n\n## Ephemerality\n\nThe board's second defining property is speed of turnover. Instead of archiving conversations, /b/ deletes threads when newer content arrives, often within minutes. In the 2010 dataset, most threads spent just five seconds on the first page and less than five minutes on the entire site before expiring; almost half of all threads received no replies at all.[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf)\n\nThis fast expiry is central to the board's culture. 4chan's founder argued that /b/'s \"lack of retention [...] lends itself to having fresh content,\" so that only the fittest memes survive.[2](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pandre/pubs/4chanstudy.pdf) Scholars have described the ephemeral design as a \"powerful selection machine\" for the production of attention-grabbing internet memes.[11](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444819888746) Users developed coping mechanisms such as personal archives and practices like \"bumping,\" replying to a thread to move it back up the board, to keep content alive, and the community archive site 4chanarchive.org was used to save memorable threads.[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf)\n\n## Rules and moderation\n\nThe site's global rules are enforced on every board, but /b/ is the exception in several ways. Global rule 3 prohibits posting troll posts, racism, anthropomorphic (\"furry\") pornography, grotesque (\"guro\") images, loli/shota pornography, and dubs or GET posts, but only outside /b/. The /b/ entry on the rules page states its board-specific rule as \"ZOMG NONE!!!1,\" while listing global rules 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 as enforced, and a note says the \"ZOMG NONE!!!1\" rule applies to moderators as well.[7](https://4chan.org/rules) In practice, reporting on 4chan's moderation notes that the application of the rules is often arbitrary and that much depends on the moderator enforcing them.[12](https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/06/inside-4chans-top-secret-moderation-machine/)\n\n## Memes and cultural capital\n\nAcademic work has treated /b/ as a case study in how internet memes function as social currency. Asaf Nissenbaum and Limor Shifman analyzed 4chan's /b/ board in a 2017 *New Media & Society* article and identified three formulations of memes as cultural capital: as subcultural knowledge that marks insiders, as \"unstable equilibriums\" whose correct use is constantly contested, and as \"discursive weapons\" used to jab at opponents.[19](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444815609313) Because memes must balance convention with innovation, their use is never fully settled, and the resulting struggle paradoxically reinforces collective identity by keeping shared culture at the center of discussion.[19](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444815609313)\n\nThe board's output has been widely diffused. /b/ users are credited with generating memes like [Rickrolling](https://www.edgepedia.org/rickrolling), lolcats, and Pedobear, and with tricking talk show host [Oprah Winfrey](https://www.edgepedia.org/oprah-winfrey) into saying \"over 9,000 penises\" on daytime television.[5](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305119880020) Whitney Phillips, a scholar of trolling culture at [Syracuse University](https://www.edgepedia.org/syracuse-university), has traced the subcultural sense of \"trolling\" that first emerged on and around 4chan's /b/ board in 2003 and its overlap with early internet meme culture from roughly 2008 to 2012.[13](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2056305119849493)\n\n## The board and its reputation\n\n4chan as a site has acquired a double reputation: an incubator of creative internet culture and a venue for racist, misogynistic, and extremist content. French newspaper *Le Monde* has described the /b/ board as \"random, devoted to grand nonsense\" and, alongside /pol/, particularly singled out for harmful influence, while noting that 4chan was home to the hacktivist group Anonymous and was regularly the inspiration for memes both absurd and, at times, malicious.[14](https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2025/04/28/piratage-de-4chan-pourquoi-l-enfant-terrible-d-internet-a-disparu-deux-semaines-dans-l-indifference-generale_6600929_4408996.html) Phillips, in a 2019 article on early internet culture, described how the meme culture of 2008 to 2012, which overlapped heavily with trolling on /b/, was absorbed into broader popular culture while carrying exclusionary norms of whiteness and maleness beneath its ironic surface.[13](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2056305119849493)\n\nThe 2025 hack of 4chan, which took the site offline beginning April 14, exposed database tables, source code, and a list of moderators and \"janitors,\" and prompted commentary on whether the anonymous, ephemeral design of the early internet had become dated in an era when identity-based platforms dominate.[15](https://techcrunch.com/2025/04/27/4chan-is-back-online-says-its-been-starved-of-money/) The site returned with limitations, including temporarily disabled PDF uploads and a Flash-animation board left offline, after a breach that the site's own statement attributed to years of underfunding and pressure on advertisers and payment providers.[15](https://techcrunch.com/2025/04/27/4chan-is-back-online-says-its-been-starved-of-money/) [Ownership](https://www.edgepedia.org/ownership) had already passed from Poole to the Japanese citizen [Hiroyuki Nishimura](https://www.edgepedia.org/hiroyuki-nishimura), who bought the site in 2015.[16](https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2025/04/15/le-forum-4chan-hors-ligne-apres-un-possible-piratage_6596324_4408996.html)\n\n## Research significance\n\nThe Bernstein study, published at ICWSM 2011 and recognized with a best paper award, has become one of the most cited works on 4chan, and it is credited with bringing quantitative measurement of ephemerality and anonymity into the study of online communities.[4](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf) • [17](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/) Later scholars have noted that large-scale data-driven research on /b/ specifically is rare, since the board's ephemerality makes historical data hard to capture, though a sample of five million /b/ posts from early April 2006 to December 2008 has been used to study early board culture.[18](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20563051231216960) The board remains a reference point in discussions of platform design, community identity, and the origins of internet vernacular culture.\n\n## References\n\n1. [Michael S. Bernstein et al. (2011). \"4chan and /b/: An Analysis of Anonymity and Ephemerality in a Large Online Community.\" ICWSM 2011.](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2011/chanthropology/4chan-icwsm2011.pdf)\n2. [Michael S. Bernstein et al. (2011). \"4chan and /b/: An Analysis of Anonymity and Ephemerality in a Large Online Community.\" (full PDF, CMU mirror)](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pandre/pubs/4chanstudy.pdf)\n3. [Nissenbaum, A., and Shifman, L. \"Internet memes as contested cultural capital: The case of 4chan's /b/ board\" (preprint).](https://www.folklore.ee/rl/fo/konve/ishs2018/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Kuipers-seminar4_NissenbaumShifman-2015.pdf)\n4. [Michael S. Bernstein et al. (2011). \"4chan and /b/: An Analysis of Anonymity and Ephemerality in a Large Online Community.\" AAAI ICWSM proceedings PDF.](https://projects.csail.mit.edu/chanthropology/4chan.pdf)\n5. [Brian C. Britt (2019). \"Content Curation, Evaluation, and Refinement on a Nonlinearly Directed Imageboard: Lessons From Danbooru.\" *Social Media + Society*.](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305119880020)\n6. [Michael S. Bernstein et al. (2011). \"4chan and /b/\" (AAAI proceedings, name-frequency table).](https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/download/14134/13983/17652)\n7. [4chan Rules page.](https://4chan.org/rules)\n8. [\"Digital Hate.\" Indiana University Press.](https://publish.iupress.indiana.edu/system/resource/4/3/c/43cf237a-65c7-4c5e-9807-4290125ff2a8/attachment/6cdcbd08b6e30d0debc93b36de8a002b.pdf)\n9. [\"Digital Social Media and Aggression: Memetic Rhetoric in 4chan's Collective Identity.\" *Computers and Composition* 45 (2017).](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S8755461516300810)\n10. [\"4chan\" discussion, University of Canterbury IR.](https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstreams/38499a0a-151e-419e-8c3c-dfe2a72dec86/download)\n11. [Marc Tuters and Sal Hagen (2020). \"(((They))) rule: Memetic antagonism and nebulous othering on 4chan.\" *New Media & Society*.](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444819888746)\n12. [Justin Ling (2023). \"Inside 4chan's top-secret moderation machine.\" Ars Technica.](https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/06/inside-4chans-top-secret-moderation-machine/)\n13. [Whitney Phillips (2019). \"It Wasn't Just the Trolls: Early Internet Culture, 'Fun,' and the Fires of Exclusionary Laughter.\" *Social Media + Society*.](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2056305119849493)\n14. [Damien Leloup (2025). \"Piratage de 4chan : pourquoi l'enfant terrible d'Internet a disparu deux semaines dans l'indifférence générale.\" *Le Monde*.](https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2025/04/28/piratage-de-4chan-pourquoi-l-enfant-terrible-d-internet-a-disparu-deux-semaines-dans-l-indifference-generale_6600929_4408996.html)\n15. [Anthony Ha (2025). \"4chan is back online, says it's been 'starved of money'.\" TechCrunch.](https://techcrunch.com/2025/04/27/4chan-is-back-online-says-its-been-starved-of-money/)\n16. [\"Le forum 4chan hors ligne après un possible piratage.\" *Le Monde* (2025).](https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2025/04/15/le-forum-4chan-hors-ligne-apres-un-possible-piratage_6596324_4408996.html)\n17. [Stanford HCI Group publications index (ICWSM 2011 best paper award listing).](https://hci.stanford.edu/publications/)\n18. [Sal Hagen (2023). \"No Space for Reddit Spacing: Mapping the Reflexive Relationship Between Groups on 4chan and Reddit.\" *Social Media + Society*.](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20563051231216960)\n19. [Internet memes as contested cultural capital: The case of 4chan's /b/ board, New Media & Society (SAGE)](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444815609313)\n\n---\n*Topic: Encyclopedia › Arts and culture › Screen and stage › Online creators and internet personalities*\n\n*Initially written Sep 17, 2026 · Reviewed: Sep 30, 2026; Oct 25, 2026 · Edited: Sep 30, 2026; Oct 25, 2026 · Last review: Oct 25, 2026*\n\n*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*\n\nLicense: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\n", "same_as": [ "https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~pandre/pubs/4chanstudy.pdf" ], "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq", "markdown_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq.md", "license": { "name": "Edgepedia Community License 1.0", "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license", "summary": "Free with credit, commercial use included. AI training is open to everyone. For other uses, organizations over USD 100M in revenue or 100M monthly users license separately.", "spdx": "LicenseRef-Edgepedia-Community-1.0" }, "credit": "\"/b/\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "credit_md": "\"[/b/](https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), [https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq](https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq). [Edgepedia Community License 1.0](https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license).", "credit_html": "\"/b/\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/b-ep3paan6cq. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "speakable": "/b/ is 4chan's \"Random\" imageboard: anonymous, highly ephemeral posts, once the site's most active board with about 30% of traffic, and a major incubator of internet memes such as Rickrolling and LOLcats." }