{ "id": "epgbdc7d7z", "slug": "consuelo-m-callahan", "title": "Consuelo M. Callahan", "updated": "2026-10-15", "topic_path": [ { "id": "society", "label": "Society and history", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society" }, { "id": "society.law", "label": "Law and justice", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law" }, { "id": "society.law.practice", "label": "Courts and legal practice", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice" }, { "id": "society.law.practice.people", "label": "Legal biographies", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice.people" }, { "id": "society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us", "label": "United States judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us" }, { "id": "society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal", "label": "US federal judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal" }, { "id": "society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3", "label": "Article III judges (district and appellate)", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3" }, { "id": "society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges", "label": "United States courts of appeals judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges" }, { "id": "society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges.alpha-a-to-c", "label": "Surnames A to C", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges.alpha-a-to-c" } ], "geo": [ { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges", "label": "United States · 2021 and later: United States courts of appeals judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges", "path": [ { "id": "geo.us", "label": "United States", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021", "label": "United States · 2021 and later", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society", "label": "Society and history", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law", "label": "Law and justice", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice", "label": "Courts and legal practice", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people", "label": "Legal biographies", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us", "label": "United States judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal", "label": "US federal judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal" }, { "id": "geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges", "label": "United States courts of appeals judges", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t2021.society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges" } ] } ], "excerpt": "Consuelo M. Callahan, born 1950, is an American jurist serving as a judge of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals since 2003, appointed by President George W. Bush.", "snippet": "Consuelo M. Callahan, born 1950, is an American jurist serving as a judge of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals since 2003, appointed by President George W. Bush.", "node": "society.law.practice.people.people.judges.us.federal.article3.appeals-judges.alpha-a-to-c", "markdown": "# Consuelo M. Callahan\n\nConsuelo Maria Callahan (born 1950) is an American jurist serving as a judge of the [United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit](https://www.edgepedia.org/united-states-court-of-appeals-for-the-ninth-circuit) since 2003.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) She was appointed by President George W. Bush and confirmed by the Senate 99 to 0 on May 22, 2003.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) Before joining the federal bench, she served as an associate justice of the California Court of Appeal, Third District, from 1996 to 2003.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846)\n\n| Fact | Detail |\n|---|---|\n| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) |\n| Appointed by | George W. Bush[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) |\n| Confirmed | May 22, 2003 (Senate vote: 99 to 0)[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) |\n| Born | 1950, Palo Alto, California[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) |\n| Education | A.B., Stanford University, 1972; J.D., University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law, 1975; LL.M., University of Virginia School of Law, 2004[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) |\n\n## Early life and education\n\nCallahan was born in 1950 in [Palo Alto, California](https://www.edgepedia.org/palo-alto-california).[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) She graduated from Stanford University, earning an A.B. in 1972, and received her law degree from the University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law in 1975.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) She later earned an LL.M. from the University of Virginia School of Law in 2004.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846)\n\n## Legal career\n\nAfter law school, Callahan served as a deputy city attorney in [Stockton, California](https://www.edgepedia.org/stockton-california), from 1975 to 1976.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) She then joined the Office of the District Attorney for San Joaquin County, California, serving as a deputy district attorney from 1976 to 1982 and as a supervisory district attorney from 1982 to 1986.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846)\n\nIn 1986, Callahan joined the state bench as a [Commissioner](https://www.edgepedia.org/commissioner) of the Stockton Municipal Court, serving until 1992.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) She then served as a judge of the Superior Court of California, County of San Joaquin, from 1992 to 1996.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) In 1996 she became an associate justice of the California Court of Appeal, Third District, where she served until 2003.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846)\n\n## Federal judicial service\n\nPresident [George W. Bush](https://www.edgepedia.org/george-w-bush) nominated Callahan to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit on February 12, 2003.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) The Senate confirmed her on May 22, 2003, by a vote of 99 to 0.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846) She received her commission on May 28, 2003.[1](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846)\n\n## Notable cases\n\nIn a 2019 decision on federal waivers of environmental laws for border barrier projects, Callahan dissented from the majority's affirmance of a summary judgment for the Department of Homeland Security. She took the position that the Ninth Circuit lacked authority to review the appeal, arguing that the relevant statute required any appeal to go directly to the Supreme Court, and said she would have dismissed the appeals entirely.[2](https://thenewsblender.com/2019/02/ninth-circuit-approves-fed-authority-to-waive-environmental-laws/)\n\nCallahan authored the opinion in *State of California v. United States Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives*, and authored the opinion in *Medrano v. Acosta*.[3](https://benchlight.org/judges/consuelo-maria-callahan) She dissented in *Cedar Park Assembly of God of Kirkland, Washington v. Patty Kuderer*, and has sat on panels in cases including *Rocky Patel Premium Cigars, Inc. v. Bonta*, *Arizona Alliance for Retired Americans v. Kristin K. Mayes*, and *United States v. Anten*.[3](https://benchlight.org/judges/consuelo-maria-callahan)\n\nAmong her published opinions for the Ninth Circuit, *Hoopai v. Astrue* has been among the most cited in the CourtListener corpus.[4](https://judicialfinder.com/judges/consuelo-callahan)\n\n## References\n\n1. [Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges: Consuelo Maria Callahan](https://www.fjc.gov/node/1391846)\n2. [The News Blender: Ninth Circuit Approves Fed Authority to Waive Environmental Laws](https://thenewsblender.com/2019/02/ninth-circuit-approves-fed-authority-to-waive-environmental-laws/)\n3. [Benchlight: Consuelo Maria Callahan](https://benchlight.org/judges/consuelo-maria-callahan)\n4. [JudicialFinder: Consuelo Callahan](https://judicialfinder.com/judges/consuelo-callahan)\n\n---\n*Topic: Encyclopedia › Society and history › Law and justice › Courts and legal practice › Legal biographies › United States judges › US federal judges › Article III judges (district and appellate) › United States courts of appeals judges › Surnames A to C*\n\n*Initially written Sep 27, 2026 · Reviewed: Sep 29, 2026 · Edited: Oct 15, 2026 · Last review: Sep 29, 2026*\n\n*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*\n\nLicense: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\n", "same_as": [], "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan", "markdown_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan.md", "license": { "name": "Edgepedia Community License 1.0", "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license", "summary": "Free with credit, commercial use included. AI training is open to everyone. For other uses, organizations over USD 100M in revenue or 100M monthly users license separately.", "spdx": "LicenseRef-Edgepedia-Community-1.0" }, "credit": "\"Consuelo M. Callahan\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "credit_md": "\"[Consuelo M. Callahan](https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), [https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan](https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan). [Edgepedia Community License 1.0](https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license).", "credit_html": "\"Consuelo M. Callahan\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/consuelo-m-callahan. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "speakable": "Consuelo M. Callahan, born 1950, is an American jurist serving as a judge of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals since 2003, appointed by President George W. Bush." }