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 "title": "Everlasting Regret (长恨歌)",
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 "excerpt": "Everlasting Regret (长恨歌, Changhen Ge) is Stanley Kwan's 2005 film adapted from Wang Anyi's Mao Dun Prize-winning 1996 novel about Wang Qiyao and Shanghai, 1940s to 1980s; it premiered at Venice 2005 with Sammi Cheng starring.",
 "snippet": "Everlasting Regret (长恨歌, Changhen Ge) is Stanley Kwan's 2005 film adapted from Wang Anyi's Mao Dun Prize-winning 1996 novel about Wang Qiyao and Shanghai, 1940s to 1980s; it premiered at Venice 2005 with Sammi Cheng starring.",
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 "markdown": "# Everlasting Regret (长恨歌)\n\n**Everlasting Regret** (长恨歌, also rendered *Changhen Ge* or *A Song of Everlasting Sorrow*) is a 2005 romantic drama directed by Stanley Kwan, adapted from [Wang Anyi](https://www.edgepedia.org/wang-anyi)'s acclaimed 1996 novel of the same name about a Shanghai woman, Wang Qiyao, whose life traces the city's changes from the 1940s to the 1980s.<sup>[1](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[2](https://lib.nuist.edu.cn/info/1372/8402.htm)</sup> The film premiered at the 62nd [Venice Film Festival](https://www.edgepedia.org/venice-film-festival) on 8 September 2005, where it was the only Chinese-language competitor for the [Golden Lion](https://www.edgepedia.org/golden-lion).<sup>[3](https://www.scmp.com/article/515603/stanley-kwan-movie-wins-applause-venice-premiere)</sup>\n\n| Key fact | Detail |\n|---|---|\n| Original novel | Long novel by Wang Anyi, completed in 1995 and published in 1996; winner of the 5th Mao Dun Literature Prize<sup>[4](https://image.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2021/0330/c419389-32064757.html)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[2](https://lib.nuist.edu.cn/info/1372/8402.htm)</sup> |\n| Film director | Stanley Kwan Kam-pang, a Hong Kong New Wave director born in 1957<sup>[5](https://miff.com.au/festival-archive/films/12408/everlasting-regret)</sup> |\n| Lead cast | Sammi Cheng as Wang Qiyao, Tony Leung Ka-fai as Mr. Cheng, Hu Jun as Director Li, Daniel Wu as Kang Mingxun<sup>[1](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup> |\n| Premiere | 8 September 2005, Venice Film Festival; Hong Kong release 29 September 2005<sup>[3](https://www.scmp.com/article/515603/stanley-kwan-movie-wins-applause-venice-premiere)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[6](https://m.1905.com/m/film/info/56579.shtml)</sup> |\n| Format | 115 minutes, Mandarin language, China/Hong Kong co-production, shot on 35 mm<sup>[5](https://miff.com.au/festival-archive/films/12408/everlasting-regret)</sup> |\n| Honors | European Art Communication award at Venice 2005; six Hong Kong Film Award nominations; Best Actor for Tony Leung from the Hong Kong Film Critics Society<sup>[1](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup> |\n| Other adaptations | Stage play (2003, adapted by Zhao Yaomin), television series, and dance drama<sup>[7](https://news.sina.com.cn/s/2006-11-30/085510646057s.shtml)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[2](https://lib.nuist.edu.cn/info/1372/8402.htm)</sup> |\n\n## Spoilers\n\n### Plot\n\nShanghai, 1947. Wang Qiyao ([Sammi Cheng](https://www.edgepedia.org/sammi-cheng)) is a working-class girl whose only capital is her face. Her friend pushes her into the Miss Shanghai contest, and the photographer Mr. Cheng ([Tony Leung Ka-fai](https://www.edgepedia.org/tony-leung-ka-fai)), who is quietly in love with her, shoots the portraits that help her place as second runner-up <sup>[21](https://variety.com/2005/film/markets-festivals/everlasting-regret-1200523393/)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[22](https://mydramalist.com/38063-everlasting-regret)</sup>. [Third place](https://www.edgepedia.org/third-place) is the sweet spot: famous enough to be noticed, anonymous enough to stay out of the papers. She becomes a minor celebrity of the photograph studio and dance hall world, the face of a Shanghai living out its last pre-revolutionary season of glamour.\n\nThe attention that matters most comes from Li (Hu Jun), a powerful Kuomintang figure who installs her as his mistress in a comfortable apartment. For a while she has status, money, and a man whose position seems permanent. It is not. The Communists take the city in 1949, Li's world collapses, and he leaves for Taiwan and dies, stranding Qiyao in a Shanghai that has no further use for beauty queens or kept women. The film does not stage this as a single catastrophe; the new era arrives in the margins, in the changed guests at a party and the changed furniture, and one day the man is simply gone.\n\nWhat follows is a long diminuendo, told in leaps of years. Qiyao marries into obscurity to survive, and the decades grind her down: the apartments get plainer, the clothes get grayer, the city's noise recedes and returns. Mr. Cheng stays near her the whole way, loving her without ever fully having her. His eventual departure is one of the film's cruelest scenes, quiet and undramatic, because by then it is clear that what he loved was partly the old Shanghai she embodies, and that both of them are gone.\n\nShe has one more entanglement with the new era. Kang Mingxun ([Daniel Wu](https://www.edgepedia.org/daniel-wu)), the spoiled son of a well-connected family, gets her pregnant and then abandons her, leaving her to raise their daughter Meili alone <sup>[21](https://variety.com/2005/film/markets-festivals/everlasting-regret-1200523393/)</sup>. The film ends in the early 1980s, when the door that opened in 1947 finally closes. A much younger man, drawn to Qiyao by the faded glamour she still carries, enters her life as what seems like a late, improbable gift, and curdles into desperation.\n\n**The ending: Qiyao is killed by the young man who loved her.** Kwan stages it without spectacle. The relationship has already turned squalid, a matter of money and shame as much as romance, and the murder plays as a sordid, almost offhand act: a woman whose entire life was built on being looked at is destroyed by a gaze she can no longer command. There is no swelling music, no grand confrontation, just the flat finality of it, the beauty queen of 1947 dying in a Shanghai that has long since stopped remembering her. The title's \"everlasting\" turns out to apply as much to the city's vanished world as to her sorrow.\n\n### Characters\n\n**Wang Qiyao** (Sammi Cheng) is the film's center of gravity, a woman who learns early that her beauty is her only asset and spends forty years watching it depreciate. Cheng, a pop star and comedy actress cast radically against type, plays her with a guarded blankness that reads as self-protection; the character ages across decades while keeping her interiority private.\n\n**Mr. Cheng** (Tony Leung Ka-fai) is the photographer who shoots her pageant portraits and loves her, patient and unpossessed, for decades. It is the film's most fully felt performance, measured and laconic, and he won Best Actor from the Hong Kong Film Critics Society for it <sup>[23](https://www.emp.hk/en/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup>.\n\n**Li** (Hu Jun) is the powerful official whose affair with Qiyao gives her everything and then, with 1949, takes it all back. He functions as the era itself: glamorous, commanding, and gone.\n\n**Kang Mingxun** (Daniel Wu) is the rich kid of the next generation, who impregnates Qiyao and leaves, proving that the men of the new Shanghai are no more reliable than the old.\n\n### Interpretations and controversies\n\nThe ending is the film's most argued-over section. The murder is thematically apt, but many critics felt the film had rushed through the decades to reach it, so that the young killer arrives as a device rather than a character and the death lands as thesis rather than tragedy. The compression problem runs through the whole reception: Variety called the script a \"Cliff Notes history of Shanghai 1947-81\" <sup>[21](https://variety.com/2005/film/markets-festivals/everlasting-regret-1200523393/)</sup>, and Screen International judged that too much was lost in translation from a several-hundred-page novel to a two-hour film, with characters reduced and events lightly sketched <sup>[24](https://www.screendaily.com/everlasting-regret-changhen-ge/4024285.article)</sup>.\n\n### Sequels, prequels, and universe\n\nNone. The novel had already been adapted into a TV drama series and a stage play before Kwan's film <sup>[21](https://variety.com/2005/film/markets-festivals/everlasting-regret-1200523393/)</sup>.\n\n## The novel\n\nWang Anyi completed *Changhen Ge* in 1995 and it was published in 1996, winning the 5th [Mao Dun Literature Prize](https://www.edgepedia.org/mao-dun-literature-prize), one of China's major awards for the novel.<sup>[4](https://image.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2021/0330/c419389-32064757.html)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[2](https://lib.nuist.edu.cn/info/1372/8402.htm)</sup> The book follows Wang Qiyao, an ordinary girl from a Shanghai longtang (lane neighborhood) whose beauty carries her into the \"Miss Shanghai\" pageant and into the orbit of a powerful man, and then through four decades of ordinary life as the city passes through liberation, the [Cultural Revolution](https://www.edgepedia.org/cultural-revolution), and the early reform era.<sup>[1](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[8](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sg7QvKq5-w4)</sup>\n\n**A deliberate anti-epic.** Although the novel spans roughly forty years and touches nearly every major event of late twentieth-century China, critics have read it as a rebellion against the grand narrative (large-scale totalizing historical story explaining society's whole development) tradition of Chinese historical fiction. Wang writes from the longtang rather than the political stage, keeps male characters in retreat, and treats sweeping history as the backdrop to domestic, everyday detail.<sup>[9](https://www.fx361.com/page/2023/0726/22278120.shtml)</sup> A scholarly account describes the novel's achievement as rebuilding the memory of the past through the depiction of daily life, in challenge to the long-dominant grand narrative, and notes that critic Zhang Xudong called it \"one of the most important literary works since the 1990s\".<sup>[10](https://escholarship.org/content/qt6369w953/qt6369w953_noSplash_f3486cdac89526bb7ed07f4c0afb6116.pdf?t=ml36jp)</sup>\n\n**Cinematic narration.** Literary scholars have also studied the novel for its \"cinematic\" narrative technique, centered on what one analysis calls the \"pigeon's viewpoint\", a bird's-eye way of watching Shanghai, combined with long takes and empty shots. This reading places the book in a lineage of Shanghai \"cinematic\" fiction running from the 1930s [New Sensationist school](https://www.edgepedia.org/new-sensationist-school) through [Eileen Chang](https://www.edgepedia.org/eileen-chang), while marking a break from both.<sup>[11](https://m.fx361.com/news/2020/1220/13198239.html)</sup>\n\nWang herself recalled reading the novel's reception with detachment; she said in 2021 that the book \"was rather neglected\" at first, because Shanghai-themed writing had not yet become fashionable, and that around 2000 it suddenly attracted attention, generating the stage play and dance drama.<sup>[4](https://image.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2021/0330/c419389-32064757.html)</sup>\n\n## The 2005 film\n\nStanley Kwan's adaptation was produced by [Jackie Chan](https://www.edgepedia.org/jackie-chan)'s company among others, with production design by William Chang, and starred the Canto-pop star Sammi Cheng in a marked departure from her girl-next-door roles.<sup>[12](https://www.screendaily.com/golden-scene-takes-on-sales-for-kwans-regret/4021665.article)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[13](https://www.lovehkfilm.com/reviews_2/everlasting_regret.htm)</sup> Golden Scene acquired international sales rights in January 2005, and production had begun in November 2004 with delivery scheduled for May 2005 in hope of a Cannes slot; the film instead premiered at Venice.<sup>[12](https://www.screendaily.com/golden-scene-takes-on-sales-for-kwans-regret/4021665.article)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[3](https://www.scmp.com/article/515603/stanley-kwan-movie-wins-applause-venice-premiere)</sup>\n\n**Plot and structure.** The film opens in the late 1940s: Wang Qiyao, a happy longtang girl, meets the photographer Mr. Cheng, enters a beauty pageant (placing third as \"Miss Shanghai\"), accompanies the powerful Director Li through dangerous times, and frequents the Paramount ballroom. After Li's sudden departure she expects a plain life, until the rich young Kang Mingxun appears, and years later a late-life romance. Her passage from brilliance to plainness runs alongside Shanghai's changes from 1947 to 1981, through postwar calm, the founding of the People's Republic, the Cultural Revolution, and early reform.<sup>[1](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[14](https://www.fx361.com/page/2006/0101/29652365.shtml)</sup>\n\n**Departures from the novel.** The adaptation is substantial. It keeps Wang Qiyao's relationships with four men but merges some characters, and greatly expands Mr. Cheng, who dies in the Cultural Revolution in the novel but accompanies Wang Qiyao through her whole life on screen; his first-person voice-over narration makes the story's point of view ambiguous, possibly hers, possibly his.<sup>[15](https://www.yesasia.com/global/yumcha/%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A7%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%92-%E6%94%B9%E7%BC%96%E8%87%AA%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B3%E9%94%A6%E9%B9%8F%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1/0-0-0-arid.51-zh_CN/featured-article.html)</sup> The film also avoids direct depiction of historical events, working almost entirely in interior scenes through which the city's changes seep into daily life.<sup>[15](https://www.yesasia.com/global/yumcha/%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A7%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%92-%E6%94%B9%E7%BC%96%E8%87%AA%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B3%E9%94%A6%E9%B9%8F%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1/0-0-0-arid.51-zh_CN/featured-article.html)</sup> One scholar of the adaptation argues that where the novel reflects on women's will and vitality from a female perspective, the film retains a traditional male gaze that presents the woman as an object of appreciation and an emotional legend submerged in history.<sup>[16](https://edt.cqvip.com/journal/jgwc/article/530653420)</sup>\n\n**Reception.** At Venice the premiere drew warm applause despite mixed reviews at an earlier press screening, and Kwan said he was not surprised by the mixed response.<sup>[3](https://www.scmp.com/article/515603/stanley-kwan-movie-wins-applause-venice-premiere)</sup> The film won the European Art Communication award at Venice, was nominated for Best Feature at the 41st Chicago International Film Festival, won the Special Jury Prize at Cinemanila 2006, and received six nominations at the 25th Hong Kong Film Awards, including Best Actress for Sammi Cheng and Best Actor for Tony Leung Ka-fai, who won Best Actor from the Hong Kong Film Critics Society.<sup>[1](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[5](https://miff.com.au/festival-archive/films/12408/everlasting-regret)</sup> Reviewers were divided: the [South China Morning Post](https://www.edgepedia.org/south-china-morning-post) found the three-decade romance deficient in passion and Shanghai flavor, while the [Toronto International Film Festival](https://www.edgepedia.org/toronto-international-film-festival) praised Kwan's \"elegant and passionate\" handling of a \"wonderful, sorrowful tale\".<sup>[17](https://www.scmp.com/article/518228/everlasting-regret)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[5](https://miff.com.au/festival-archive/films/12408/everlasting-regret)</sup> On Douban the film holds a 6.0 rating from more than 23,000 users, and a common criticism is that two hours cannot carry a story spanning several decades.<sup>[18](https://movie.douban.com/subject/1422889//)</sup> A UCSD thesis records that the film did not achieve its desired effects and that the director himself admitted its failure on different occasions.<sup>[10](https://escholarship.org/content/qt6369w953/qt6369w953_noSplash_f3486cdac89526bb7ed07f4c0afb6116.pdf?t=ml36jp)</sup>\n\n## Other adaptations\n\nThe novel has been adapted repeatedly. In March 2003, with Wang Anyi's permission, the playwright Zhao Yaomin adapted it into a stage play; the same year he and Jiang Liping wrote the television series screenplay for Hairun, though Zhao left the project after writing only the young Wang Qiyao's episodes. A later dispute over the credit on the tie-in \"TV novel\", which named only Wang Anyi and Jiang Liping, brought Zhao to court twice.<sup>[7](https://news.sina.com.cn/s/2006-11-30/085510646057s.shtml)</sup> A Hong Kong stage version followed, directed by Clifton Ko with actress Jiao Yuan, part of a long engagement by Hong Kong artists with the Shanghai-set novel.<sup>[19](https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2121249)</sup> A dance drama version also exists, and a 2025 [People's Daily](https://www.edgepedia.org/peoples-daily) piece notes the stage *Changhen Ge* has run since 2006.<sup>[2](https://lib.nuist.edu.cn/info/1372/8402.htm)</sup><sup> • </sup><sup>[20](https://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/pc/attachement/202507/31/8dcfe224-8ba9-4033-b209-a1e17b3302a4.pdf)</sup>\n\nWang Anyi's own verdict favors the theater. Speaking in 2021 as a new production of the 18-year-old stage play prepared, she said, \"of so many versions of *Changhen Ge*, the stage play is closest to me\", adding that her novels are rarely adapted for film and television because they lack convenient scenes and dramatic turns, and that the film and television versions \"have nothing to do with\" her novel.<sup>[4](https://image.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2021/0330/c419389-32064757.html)</sup>\n\n## References\n\n1. [长恨歌, Emperor Motion Pictures](https://www.emp.hk/cs/production/all/everlasting-regret)\n2. [长恨歌, 南京信息工程大学图书馆](https://lib.nuist.edu.cn/info/1372/8402.htm)\n3. [Stanley Kwan movie wins applause at Venice premiere, South China Morning Post](https://www.scmp.com/article/515603/stanley-kwan-movie-wins-applause-venice-premiere)\n4. [18年后，王安忆为什么说\"那么多版本《长恨歌》，话剧最靠近我\"?, 中国作家网](https://image.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2021/0330/c419389-32064757.html)\n5. [Everlasting Regret, Melbourne International Film Festival archive](https://miff.com.au/festival-archive/films/12408/everlasting-regret)\n6. [长恨歌 详细资料, 1905电影网](https://m.1905.com/m/film/info/56579.shtml)\n7. [《长恨歌》电视小说署名引纷争 编剧赵耀民二上法庭讨说法, 新浪新闻](https://news.sina.com.cn/s/2006-11-30/085510646057s.shtml)\n8. [王安忆小说改编的国产老电影, YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sg7QvKq5-w4)\n9. [浅谈王安忆《长恨歌》对宏大叙事的反叛, 参考网](https://www.fx361.com/page/2023/0726/22278120.shtml)\n10. [Return to the Old Shanghai, But Where?, UCSD eScholarship](https://escholarship.org/content/qt6369w953/qt6369w953_noSplash_f3486cdac89526bb7ed07f4c0afb6116.pdf?t=ml36jp)\n11. [从\"鸽子视点\"看《长恨歌》的电影化叙事, 参考网](https://m.fx361.com/news/2020/1220/13198239.html)\n12. [Golden Scene takes on sales for Kwan's Regret, Screen Daily](https://www.screendaily.com/golden-scene-takes-on-sales-for-kwans-regret/4021665.article)\n13. [Everlasting Regret (2005), LoveHKFilm](https://www.lovehkfilm.com/reviews_2/everlasting_regret.htm)\n14. [《长恨歌》：一首浮华斑斓的旧上海挽歌, 参考网](https://www.fx361.com/page/2006/0101/29652365.shtml)\n15. [超越男性视角：改编自小说的关锦鹏电影, YESASIA YumCha!](https://www.yesasia.com/global/yumcha/%E8%B6%85%E8%B6%8A%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A7%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%92-%E6%94%B9%E7%BC%96%E8%87%AA%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B3%E9%94%A6%E9%B9%8F%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1/0-0-0-arid.51-zh_CN/featured-article.html)\n16. [从小说《长恨歌》到电影《长恨歌》, 今古文创 2022年第43期](https://edt.cqvip.com/journal/jgwc/article/530653420)\n17. [Everlasting Regret, South China Morning Post](https://www.scmp.com/article/518228/everlasting-regret)\n18. [长恨歌 (2005), 豆瓣](https://movie.douban.com/subject/1422889//)\n19. [粤语版《长恨歌》：上海故事，也是香港的故事, 澎湃新闻](https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2121249)\n20. [People's Daily, 31 July 2025, page 13](https://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/pc/attachement/202507/31/8dcfe224-8ba9-4033-b209-a1e17b3302a4.pdf)\n21. [https://variety.com/2005/film/markets-festivals/everlasting-regret-1200523393/](https://variety.com/2005/film/markets-festivals/everlasting-regret-1200523393/)\n22. [https://mydramalist.com/38063-everlasting-regret](https://mydramalist.com/38063-everlasting-regret)\n23. [https://www.emp.hk/en/production/all/everlasting-regret](https://www.emp.hk/en/production/all/everlasting-regret)\n24. [https://www.screendaily.com/everlasting-regret-changhen-ge/4024285.article](https://www.screendaily.com/everlasting-regret-changhen-ge/4024285.article)\n\n---\n*Topic: Encyclopedia › Arts and culture › Screen and stage › Film and television › Films and standalone screen works › Films by genre, form, and subject › Adaptations of literature, stage, and other media › Adaptations of non-English-language literature*\n\n*Initially written Oct 3, 2026 · Reviewed: Oct 25, 2026 · Edited: Oct 15, 2026; Oct 21, 2026; Oct 25, 2026; Nov 1, 2026 · Last review: Oct 25, 2026*\n\n*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*\n\nLicense: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\n",
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 "credit": "\"Everlasting Regret (长恨歌)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/everlasting-regret. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.",
 "credit_md": "\"[Everlasting Regret (长恨歌)](https://www.edgepedia.org/everlasting-regret)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), [https://www.edgepedia.org/everlasting-regret](https://www.edgepedia.org/everlasting-regret). [Edgepedia Community License 1.0](https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license).",
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 "speakable": "Everlasting Regret is Stanley Kwan's 2005 film adapted from Wang Anyi's Mao Dun Prize-winning 1996 novel about Wang Qiyao and Shanghai, 1940s to 1980s; it premiered at Venice 2005 with Sammi Cheng starring."
}