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 "slug": "sarasvati-mons",
 "title": "Sarasvati Mons",
 "updated": "2026-10-25",
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 "excerpt": "Sarasvati Mons is a mountain feature on Venus, about 200 km across, in the planet's far north, named in 2009 for the Hindu river goddess.",
 "snippet": "Sarasvati Mons is a mountain feature on Venus, about 200 km across, in the planet's far north, named in 2009 for the Hindu river goddess.",
 "node": "places.extraterrestrial.surface-features.venus-features.venus-features.volcanic-mountains.mountains-and-mons-on-venus",
 "markdown": "# Sarasvati Mons\n\n**Sarasvati Mons** is a mountain feature (a mons) on the planet Venus, about 200 km across, centered at 75.70°N, 354.50°E in the planet's far north.<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> The International Astronomical Union adopted the name on September 4, 2009, honoring Sarasvati, the Hindu river goddess revered as a great fertilizing and purifying mother.<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup>\n\n| Key fact | Detail |\n|---|---|\n| Target and type | Venus; feature type Mons, montes; feature ID 14596<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n| Diameter | 200.00 km<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n| Center | 75.70°N, 354.50°E (planetocentric, +East, 0–360 coordinate system)<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n| Extent | Latitude 75.00° to 76.40°N; longitude 351.00° to 358.00°E; quadrangle v01<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n| Approval | Adopted by the IAU on September 4, 2009<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n| Name origin | Sarasvati, Hindu river goddess; ethnicity Hindu, continent Asia<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n| Name reference | *Dictionary of Mythology, Folklore, and Symbols*, by Gertrude Jobes, Scarecrow Press, New York, 1962<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> |\n\n## Location and mapping\n\nSarasvati Mons lies at high northern latitude, between 75.00° and 76.40°N and between 351.00° and 358.00°E, and falls within Venus quadrangle v01, the northernmost sheet of the USGS 1:5 million-scale Venus map series.<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> The Gazetteer notes that the boundaries shown on its maps are approximate and intended only to portray the locations of named features and their rough extents.<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> The base data for the region come from NASA's Magellan spacecraft, which orbited Venus from August 10, 1990, until it entered the Venusian atmosphere on October 12, 1994, and whose radar imagery and altimetry underlie the published Venus map series.<sup>[2](https://www.usgs.gov/maps/geologic-map-sif-mons-quadrangle-v-31-venus)</sup>\n\n## Name\n\nFor Sarasvati Mons the Gazetteer records the origin as the Hindu river goddess revered as a great fertilizing and purifying mother, with the name drawn from Gertrude Jobes's *Dictionary of Mythology, Folklore, and Symbols* (1962).<sup>[1](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)</sup> Sarasvati (Sarasvatī) is also the name of a river of the [Indian subcontinent](https://www.edgepedia.org/indian-subcontinent) celebrated in Vedic literature, which the goddess personifies.<sup>[3](https://haryanasarasvatiboard.in/scientific-evidence/)</sup>\n\n## Setting on Venus\n\nThe surface environment is extreme: atmospheric pressure at the surface is 90 times that at Earth's sea level, and the surface temperature is about 465 °C.<sup>[5](https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Venus_Express/Venusian_geography)</sup>\n\n## References\n\n1. [Sarasvati Mons, Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature, USGS Astrogeology Science Center](https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14596)\n2. [Geologic Map of the Sif Mons Quadrangle (V-31), Venus, U.S. Geological Survey](https://www.usgs.gov/maps/geologic-map-sif-mons-quadrangle-v-31-venus)\n3. [Scientific Evidence, Haryana Sarasvati Heritage Development Board](https://haryanasarasvatiboard.in/scientific-evidence/)\n4. [Volcanism at Piton de la Fournaise as an Analog for Chloris Mons, Venus, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets (2026)](https://doi.org/10.1029/2026JE009756)\n5. [Venusian geography, ESA](https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Venus_Express/Venusian_geography)\n\n---\n*Topic: Encyclopedia › Places and geography › Extraterrestrial places › Planetary surfaces and named features › Venus surface features › Venus mountains and volcanic structures › Mountains and mons on Venus*\n\n*Initially written Oct 21, 2026 · Edited: Oct 25, 2026*\n\n*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*\n\nLicense: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\n",
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 "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons",
 "markdown_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons.md",
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  "name": "Edgepedia Community License 1.0",
  "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license",
  "summary": "Free with credit, commercial use included. AI training is open to everyone. For other uses, organizations over USD 100M in revenue or 100M monthly users license separately.",
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 "credit": "\"Sarasvati Mons\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.",
 "credit_md": "\"[Sarasvati Mons](https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), [https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons](https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons). [Edgepedia Community License 1.0](https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license).",
 "credit_html": "\"<a href=\"https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons\">Sarasvati Mons</a>\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), <a href=\"https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons\">https://www.edgepedia.org/sarasvati-mons</a>. <a href=\"https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\">Edgepedia Community License 1.0</a>.",
 "speakable": "Sarasvati Mons is a mountain feature on Venus, about 200 km across, in the planet's far north, named in 2009 for the Hindu river goddess."
}