{ "id": "epbma7kyj7", "slug": "sparrows", "title": "Sparrows", "updated": "2026-11-01", "topic_path": [ { "id": "culture", "label": "Arts and culture", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture" }, { "id": "culture.performance", "label": "Screen and stage", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance" }, { "id": "culture.performance.screen", "label": "Film and television", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.screen" }, { "id": "culture.performance.screen.films", "label": "Films and standalone screen works", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.screen.films" }, { "id": "culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works", "label": "Individual films by title and year", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works" }, { "id": "culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent", "label": "Early and silent cinema", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent" }, { "id": "culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features", "label": "Silent feature films", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features" }, { "id": "culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features.yr-1914-1926", "label": "Released 1914 to 1926", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features.yr-1914-1926" } ], "geo": [ { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features", "label": "United States · 1800 to 1945: Silent feature films", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features", "path": [ { "id": "geo.us", "label": "United States", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800", "label": "United States · 1800 to 1945", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture", "label": "Arts and culture", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance", "label": "Screen and stage", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen", "label": "Film and television", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films", "label": "Films and standalone screen works", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works", "label": "Individual films by title and year", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent", "label": "Early and silent cinema", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent" }, { "id": "geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features", "label": "Silent feature films", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.us.t1800.culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features" } ] } ], "excerpt": "Sparrows (1926) is a Mary Pickford silent melodrama directed by William Beaudine, originally titled Scraps, about orphans escaping a swamp baby farm; premiered May 1926, restored by the Library of Congress, added to the National Film Registry in 2025.", "snippet": "Sparrows (1926) is a Mary Pickford silent melodrama directed by William Beaudine, originally titled Scraps, about orphans escaping a swamp baby farm; premiered May 1926, restored by the Library of Congress, added to the National Film Registry in 2025.", "node": "culture.performance.screen.films.films.individual-works.early-silent.silent-features.yr-1914-1926", "markdown": "# Sparrows\n\n**Sparrows** (1926) is an American silent melodrama directed by William Beaudine and produced by [Mary Pickford](https://www.edgepedia.org/mary-pickford), in which she plays Molly, the oldest child held at a swamp \"baby farm\" who leads the other children in an escape through the surrounding swampland. The Pickford Corporation produced the film and [United Artists](https://www.edgepedia.org/united-artists) distributed it.[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) In 2025 it was added to the Library of Congress National Film Registry as one of the year's selections.[2](https://apnews.com/article/9802a2b240fdf22bd86031f9efb0f351)\n\n| Key fact | Detail |\n|---|---|\n| Premiere and release | Hollywood premiere 14 May 1926 at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre; New York opening 19 September 1926 at the Mark Strand Theatre[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) |\n| Working titles | Shot and cut as *Scraps*, also advertised as *The Baby Farm*; the title *Sparrows* was announced in Film Daily on 22 January 1926[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) |\n| Format | Silent, black and white, nine reels, 7,763 feet, standard 35mm 1.33:1; copyrighted 30 April 1926 (LP22664)[3](https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/S/Sparrows1926.html) |\n| Production period | Mid-August to December 1925, with additional scenes filmed after production was declared complete; a seven-month production overall[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) |\n| Principal cast | Mary Pickford (Molly), Gustav von Seyffertitz (Grimes), Roy Stewart (Richard Wayne), Mary Louise Miller (Doris Wayne), Charlotte Mineau (Mrs. Grimes), Spec O'Donnell (Ambrose Grimes)[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) |\n| Restoration | Reconstructed by the Library of Congress from a 35mm nitrate print and a 35mm safety dupe negative; a 4K restoration by the Mary Pickford Foundation was issued on Blu-ray by VCI Entertainment in 2021 with a score by Cameron and Taylor Graves[4](https://marypickford.org/preservation-work/) • [5](https://customers.mvdb2b.com/s/Sparrows4kRestoration/VCI9102) |\n| Rights | Public domain in the USA[3](https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/S/Sparrows1926.html) |\n\n## Spoilers\n\n### Plot and characters\n\nThe story is set in the southern swamplands, where Grimes and his wife and their brutal son Ambrose run a farm for unwanted children. The children are mistreated, nearly starved, and effectively imprisoned. Molly, called Mama Mollie, protects the others and keeps up their courage by telling them that God cares for them as He does for the sparrows.[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) When a child named Doris is kidnapped from the city and Grimes orders his son to dispose of her in the swamp, Molly rescues her and fights Grimes with a pitchfork, then plans an escape with her band of \"sparrows.\" After miles of danger through the alligator-ridden swamp, the children reach police who are trailing Grimes; his wife and son are arrested, and the kidnappers themselves die in a motorboat pursuit. Molly's brood is adopted at the end.[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-)\n\nThe title was inspired by the biblical reference to the Lord's protection of the humble sparrow.[6](https://www.moma.org/momaorg/shared/pdfs/docs/press_archives/5727/releases/MOMA_1979_0027_27.pdf)\n\n## Production\n\nThe film was Pickford's second feature with Beaudine, following *Little Annie Rooney* (1925). It was announced in June 1925 under the working title *Scraps*, and most of the crew from *Little Annie Rooney* was retained. Filming began the week of 12 August 1925 at the Pickford-Fairbanks Studios in Hollywood. During one scene Pickford slipped from a hammock while holding an infant and fell into a man-made swamp three feet deep; crewmembers pulled them out and no injuries were reported.[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-) Pickford said of Beaudine, \"I have never found a director who better understood the type of picture I want to make than Mr. Beaudine.\"[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-)\n\nAfter production was declared complete in December 1925, several additional scenes were filmed in connection with the change of title to *Sparrows*, and a second round of photography ended in late February 1926. Trade papers described a seven-month production.[1](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-)\n\n**Credits.** The scenario was by C. Gardner Sullivan from a screen story by Winifred Dunn, with intertitles by George Marion Jr. Cinematography was shared by Charles Rosher, Karl Struss, and Hal Mohr. Harry Oliver designed the sets, and Tom McNamara worked as an uncredited second-unit director.[3](https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/S/Sparrows1926.html) • [7](https://marypickford.org/filmography/sparrows-feature/)\n\n**The set and the swamp sequence.** The farm set was built on four acres of Pickford's studio. Oliver transplanted hundreds of large trees and draped them with two boxcars' worth of [Spanish moss](https://www.edgepedia.org/spanish-moss), and personally aged every piece of wood used for the decrepit farm and barns. Some scenes, such as a moonlight chase on the lake, combined a constructed three-foot-deep lake with miniatures; for the miniature, flax seed sprinkled with aluminum powder stood in for water, and a model boat pulled by a concealed string left a wake.[8](https://silentfilm.org/sparrows/)\n\nPickford retold the story of filming the escape through the alligator-infested swamp, with real alligators and herself carrying a baby, throughout her life. Contemporary accounts repeated it, but close viewing shows that the baby appears to be a dummy, and cameraman Hal Mohr stated flatly that \"there wasn't an alligator within ten miles of Miss Pickford,\" explaining that the effect was painstakingly accomplished optically.[8](https://silentfilm.org/sparrows/)\n\n## Style and reception\n\nCommentators have described the film as equal parts Gothic thriller and sentimental melodrama. The BFI places it among the great films of 1926 and reads it as a Hollywood picture inspired by German expressionism, praising the cinematography of Rosher, Struss, and Mohr for a [Southern Gothic](https://www.edgepedia.org/southern-gothic) atmosphere, sharp double-exposures, and imagery bordering on the surreal, including a pastoral vision of Jesus. Critics at the time balked at the excess of peril, particularly the swamp sequence, which Pickford herself later said she wished had been a trick shot.[9](https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/10-great-films-1926) • [8](https://silentfilm.org/sparrows/)\n\n*Sparrows* was Pickford's return to the adolescent \"Little Mary\" roles after two less successful adult pictures, *Rosita* (1923) and *Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall* (1924); it was her last such role and, by one account, one of her best.[10](https://www.tcm.com/articles/86468/sparrows) The *Los Angeles Times* review of 25 April 1926 called it \"absolutely supreme\" among her pictures of the previous five or six years.[7](https://marypickford.org/filmography/sparrows-feature/) After *Sparrows* Pickford made one more silent film, *My Best Girl* (1927).[8](https://silentfilm.org/sparrows/)\n\n## Survival and restoration\n\nThe film is extant. Prints exist at the Library of Congress, including an incomplete six-reel color-tinted nitrate positive, at the Cinémathèque française, and in the Mary Pickford Institute for Film Education collection.[3](https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/S/Sparrows1926.html) The Library of Congress reconstructed the film from the best-quality elements, a 35mm nitrate print and a 35mm safety dupe negative, and the Mary Pickford Foundation scanned the preservation elements in 4K for the 2021 VCI home-video release.[4](https://marypickford.org/preservation-work/) • [5](https://customers.mvdb2b.com/s/Sparrows4kRestoration/VCI9102)\n\nRunning times now differ between presentations because the film exists in multiple states: a tinted 77-minute version is distributed by mk2 Films, restorations run 88 to 95 minutes, and the San Francisco Silent Film Festival lists a 110-minute print. The film was also rereleased at 81 minutes with synchronized music and sound effects.[11](https://mk2films.com/en/film/sparrows/) • [12](https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/sparrows) • [13](https://www.sala46films.com/catalogue/sparrows/1926) • [5](https://customers.mvdb2b.com/s/Sparrows4kRestoration/VCI9102) • [8](https://silentfilm.org/sparrows/) • [3](https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/S/Sparrows1926.html) In 2025 the Library of Congress named *Sparrows* to the [National Film Registry](https://www.edgepedia.org/national-film-registry), whose 2025 selections range from 1896 to 2014.[2](https://apnews.com/article/9802a2b240fdf22bd86031f9efb0f351)\n\n## References\n\n1. [Sparrows (1926), AFI Catalog of Feature Films](https://catalog.afi.com/Film/12324-)\n2. [25 movies entering the National Film Registry (2025 selections), AP News](https://apnews.com/article/9802a2b240fdf22bd86031f9efb0f351)\n3. [Sparrows (1926), The Progressive Silent Film List, Silent Era](https://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/S/Sparrows1926.html)\n4. [Preservation Work: Sparrows (1926), Mary Pickford Foundation](https://marypickford.org/preservation-work/)\n5. [Sparrows: 4K Restoration, VCI Entertainment via MVD Entertainment Group](https://customers.mvdb2b.com/s/Sparrows4kRestoration/VCI9102)\n6. [Mary Pickford Festival press release, The Museum of Modern Art (1979)](https://www.moma.org/momaorg/shared/pdfs/docs/press_archives/5727/releases/MOMA_1979_0027_27.pdf)\n7. [Sparrows, Mary Pickford Foundation filmography](https://marypickford.org/filmography/sparrows-feature/)\n8. [Sparrows essay, San Francisco Silent Film Festival](https://silentfilm.org/sparrows/)\n9. [10 great films of 1926, BFI](https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/10-great-films-1926)\n10. [Sparrows, Margarita Landazuri, Turner Classic Movies](https://www.tcm.com/articles/86468/sparrows)\n11. [Sparrows, mk2 Films catalogue](https://mk2films.com/en/film/sparrows/)\n12. [Sparrows, Rotten Tomatoes](https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/sparrows)\n13. [Sparrows (1926), Sala46 Films catalogue](https://www.sala46films.com/catalogue/sparrows/1926)\n\n---\n*Topic: Encyclopedia › Arts and culture › Screen and stage › Film and television › Films and standalone screen works › Individual films by title and year › Early and silent cinema › Silent feature films › Released 1914 to 1926*\n\n*Initially written Oct 3, 2026 · Reviewed: Oct 25, 2026 · Edited: Oct 15, 2026; Oct 25, 2026; Nov 1, 2026 · Last review: Oct 25, 2026*\n\n*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*\n\nLicense: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\n", "same_as": [], "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows", "markdown_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows.md", "license": { "name": "Edgepedia Community License 1.0", "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license", "summary": "Free with credit, commercial use included. AI training is open to everyone. For other uses, organizations over USD 100M in revenue or 100M monthly users license separately.", "spdx": "LicenseRef-Edgepedia-Community-1.0" }, "credit": "\"Sparrows\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "credit_md": "\"[Sparrows](https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), [https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows](https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows). [Edgepedia Community License 1.0](https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license).", "credit_html": "\"Sparrows\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/sparrows. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "speakable": "Sparrows is a Mary Pickford silent melodrama directed by William Beaudine, originally titled Scraps, about orphans escaping a swamp baby farm; premiered May 1926, restored by the Library of Congress, added to the National Film Registry in 2025." }