{ "id": "ep8rtf71e9", "slug": "suhita", "title": "Suhita", "updated": "2026-10-25", "topic_path": [ { "id": "society", "label": "Society and history", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society" }, { "id": "society.history", "label": "History and archaeology", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.history" }, { "id": "society.history.asia", "label": "Asian history", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.history.asia" }, { "id": "society.history.asia.southeast-asia", "label": "Southeast Asia", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.history.asia.southeast-asia" }, { "id": "society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit", "label": "Java and Sumatra (650 to 1527)", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/topics/society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit" } ], "geo": [ { "id": "geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit", "label": "Asia (other) · 1000 to 1799: Java and Sumatra (650 to 1527)", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit", "path": [ { "id": "geo.asia", "label": "Asia (other)", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia" }, { "id": "geo.asia.t1000", "label": "Asia (other) · 1000 to 1799", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000" }, { "id": "geo.asia.t1000.society", "label": "Society and history", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000.society" }, { "id": "geo.asia.t1000.society.history", "label": "History and archaeology", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000.society.history" }, { "id": "geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia", "label": "Asian history", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia" }, { "id": "geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia.southeast-asia", "label": "Southeast Asia", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia.southeast-asia" }, { "id": "geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit", "label": "Java and Sumatra (650 to 1527)", "api_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/api/v1/geo/geo.asia.t1000.society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit" } ] } ], "excerpt": "Suhita, also called Dyah Suhita or Dewi Kencana, was a queen of Majapahit in eastern Java, the second woman to hold its throne, reigning from 1429 to 1447.", "snippet": "Suhita, also called Dyah Suhita or Dewi Kencana, was a queen of Majapahit in eastern Java, the second woman to hold its throne, reigning from 1429 to 1447.", "node": "society.history.asia.southeast-asia.id-srivijaya-majapahit", "markdown": "# Suhita\n\n**Suhita** (Dyah Suhita, also called Dewi Kencana or Prabu Sri Suhita) was a queen of [Majapahit](https://www.edgepedia.org/majapahit) in eastern Java who reigned from 1429 to 1447, the second woman to hold the Majapahit throne.[1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) • [2](https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64) • [3](https://jatim.inews.id/berita/misteri-sri-suhita-raja-perempuan-majapahit-kedua-yang-tak-diketahui-asal-usulnya) • [4](https://rumahkitab.com/syarat-perempuan-bertahta/) She came to the throne after her father, King Wikramawardhana, and her eighteen-year reign restored internal stability to a kingdom still recovering from the Paregreg civil war of 1403–1406.[2](https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64) • [5](https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/history-majapahit.htm) • [1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) Because she left no descendants, her death in 1447 ended the direct hereditary line from Majapahit's founder, [Raden Wijaya](https://www.edgepedia.org/raden-wijaya).[6](https://www.inews.id/regional/jatim/kisah-prabu-suhita-raja-perempuan-kedua-majapahit-yang-misterius/2) • [5](https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/history-majapahit.htm)\n\n| Key fact | Detail |\n| --- | --- |\n| Polity | Majapahit |\n| Reign | 1429–1447 CE (18 years)[1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) • [2](https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64) |\n| Predecessor | Her father Wikramawardhana (died 1428 or ruled to 1429, sources differ)[1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) • [7](https://www.tempo.co/politik/profil-3-pemimpin-perempuan-di-kerajaan-majapahit--64976) |\n| Successor | Her half-brother Sri Kertawijaya, from 1447[6](https://www.inews.id/regional/jatim/kisah-prabu-suhita-raja-perempuan-kedua-majapahit-yang-misterius/2) • [8](https://www.nusantarainstitute.com/perempuan-di-singgasana-majapahit/) |\n| Character of reign | No civil war or recorded rebellion; internal stability restored[9](https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v11i2.662) • [2](https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64) |\n| Cultural policy | Revival of terraced punden-style temple building on mountain slopes[1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) • [10](https://heritage.kemenag.go.id/index.php/heritage/article/download/662/429) |\n\n## Accession and family\n\nOne line of accounts, drawing on the [Pararaton](https://www.edgepedia.org/pararaton), makes her the second child of [Wikramawardhana](https://www.edgepedia.org/wikramawardhana) by a concubine who was herself a daughter of [Bhre Wirabhumi](https://www.edgepedia.org/bhre-wirabhumi), Kusumawardhani's half-brother and rival in the Paregreg war.[7](https://www.tempo.co/politik/profil-3-pemimpin-perempuan-di-kerajaan-majapahit--64976) • [1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) One news account states simply that she was born of the marriage between Kusumawardhani and Wikramawardhana.[11](https://mojokerto.inews.id/read/326142/benarkah-ratu-suhita-pernah-memimpin-majapahit/all)\n\nThe succession itself was unsettled. Her elder brother, Bhra Hyang Weka Sing Sukha (Bhre Tumapel), died young, and Suhita replaced him as queen in 1429.[4](https://rumahkitab.com/syarat-perempuan-bertahta/) Her enthronement was also intended to ease the power dispute between the two branches of the royal family.[7](https://www.tempo.co/politik/profil-3-pemimpin-perempuan-di-kerajaan-majapahit--64976)\n\n## Reign: policies, administration, and wars\n\nNo war is recorded during Suhita's reign. A journal study of her sculpture states that during her rule Majapahit was calm, without rebellions and battles, and reads this as evidence of political skill in running the government.[9](https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v11i2.662) A government heritage history likewise records that no civil war broke out in her eighteen years and that she restored the kingdom's security and tranquility until the end of her rule in 1447.[2](https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64)\n\nIn foreign and port administration, she awarded the title \"A Lu Ya\" to Haji Gan Eng Cu for his services to Majapahit from the Port of Tuban.[10](https://heritage.kemenag.go.id/index.php/heritage/article/download/662/429)\n\n**Cultural policy.** Suhita revived elements of original Javanese culture by rebuilding temples resembling the terraced punden of the megalithic period on mountain slopes.[10](https://heritage.kemenag.go.id/index.php/heritage/article/download/662/429) Shrines were built on mountainsides arranged as stepped punden terraces, for example on the slopes of Gunung Penanggungan and Gunung Lawu.[1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) An encyclopedic history describes this as a revival of archaic Indonesian themes in art and religion during her reign.[5](https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/history-majapahit.htm)\n\n## Political influence\n\nSuhita's accession carried a political message: because her father and Bhre Wirabhumi had fought the Paregreg war, her rise was read as a symbol of unity for Majapahit.[2](https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64) The lotus attribute on her sculpture has been interpreted as a symbol of her developing the politics of government and the culture of Majapahit.[9](https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v11i2.662)\n\nHer reign marks an institutional turning point in the succession. The hereditary succession from parent to child in the line of Sanggramawijaya (Raden Wijaya) lasted only until Rani Suhita.[6](https://www.inews.id/regional/jatim/kisah-prabu-suhita-raja-perempuan-kedua-majapahit-yang-misterius/2) She is recognized as the last direct blood descendant of Raden Wijaya to rule Majapahit.[5](https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/history-majapahit.htm)\n\n## End of the reign and succession\n\nSuhita died in 1447, having outlived her husband, who had died ten years earlier.[1](https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn) Because the couple had no children, the throne passed to her half-brother (son of the same father), Bhre Tumapel Sri Kertawijaya, who reigned from 1447.[6](https://www.inews.id/regional/jatim/kisah-prabu-suhita-raja-perempuan-kedua-majapahit-yang-misterius/2) • [8](https://www.nusantarainstitute.com/perempuan-di-singgasana-majapahit/)\n\n## Historians' assessment\n\nHistorians read the reign as a recovery period after the Paregreg war, whose effects were still felt into Suhita's era.[12](https://www.merdeka.com/jatim/read/8184591/kisah-hidup-dewi-suhita-ratu-terakhir-majapahit-yang-menginspirasi) The iconographic study of her sculpture interprets the lotus relief as reflecting her application of governmental political knowledge in managing Majapahit's security.[10](https://heritage.kemenag.go.id/index.php/heritage/article/download/662/429) Slamet Muljana's analysis adds a critical note on the succession: he argues that Wikramawardhana took the throne rights of his wife Kusumawardhani, possibly out of fear of a power struggle with Bhre Wirabhumi, and that Bhre Tumapel and Suhita's husband Hyang Parameswara sided with Wirabhumi in the Paregreg conflict, which Muljana reads as evidence that Kusumawardhani, not Suhita, was the ruler at that time.[8](https://www.nusantarainstitute.com/perempuan-di-singgasana-majapahit/)\n\n**Dating disagreements.** Other accounts differ: one states Wikramawardhana ruled until 1429.[7](https://www.tempo.co/politik/profil-3-pemimpin-perempuan-di-kerajaan-majapahit--64976)\n\n## References\n\n1. \"Dyah Suhita, Pemimpin Perempuan Terakhir di Jawa Timur\", Tirto. https://tirto.id/dyah-suhita-pemimpin-perempuan-terakhir-di-jawa-timur-cDmn\n2. \"Perempuan memimpin proyek mitigasi bencana di era Majapahit\", Sejarah DIBI BNPB. https://sejarah.dibi.bnpb.go.id/artikel/perempuan-memimpin-proyek-mitigasi-bencana-di-era-majapahit/64\n3. \"Misteri Sri Suhita, Raja Perempuan Majapahit Kedua yang Tak Diketahui Asal Usulnya\", Jatim.inews. https://jatim.inews.id/berita/misteri-sri-suhita-raja-perempuan-majapahit-kedua-yang-tak-diketahui-asal-usulnya\n4. \"Syarat Perempuan Bertahta\", Rumah Kitab. https://rumahkitab.com/syarat-perempuan-bertahta/\n5. \"Indonesia History - Majapahit Kingdom - 1293-1500\", GlobalSecurity.org. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/history-majapahit.htm\n6. \"Kisah Prabu Suhita, Raja Perempuan Kedua Majapahit yang Misterius\", inews.id. https://www.inews.id/regional/jatim/kisah-prabu-suhita-raja-perempuan-kedua-majapahit-yang-misterius/2\n7. \"Profil 3 Pemimpin Perempuan di Kerajaan Majapahit\", Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/profil-3-pemimpin-perempuan-di-kerajaan-majapahit--64976\n8. \"Perempuan di Singgasana Majapahit\", Nusantara Institute. https://www.nusantarainstitute.com/perempuan-di-singgasana-majapahit/\n9. \"Makna Atribut Istimewa pada Arca Perwujudan Tokoh-tokoh Perempuan Majapahit\", HUMANIORA. https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v11i2.662\n10. \"The Meaning of Special Attributes in The Suhita Sculpture\", Heritage (Kementerian Agama). https://heritage.kemenag.go.id/index.php/heritage/article/download/662/429\n11. \"Benarkah Ratu Suhita Pernah Memimpin Majapahit?\", Mojokerto.inews. https://mojokerto.inews.id/read/326142/benarkah-ratu-suhita-pernah-memimpin-majapahit/all\n12. \"Kisah Hidup Dewi Suhita, Ratu Terakhir Majapahit yang Menginspirasi\", Merdeka. https://www.merdeka.com/jatim/read/8184591/kisah-hidup-dewi-suhita-ratu-terakhir-majapahit-yang-menginspirasi\n\n---\n*Topic: Encyclopedia › Society and history › History and archaeology › Asian history › Southeast Asia › Java and Sumatra (650 to 1527)*\n\n*Initially written Sep 24, 2026 · Reviewed: Sep 30, 2026 · Edited: Oct 15, 2026; Oct 25, 2026 · Last review: Sep 30, 2026*\n\n*Copyright 2026 EdgeChat AI, a subsidiary of Biostate AI.*\n\nLicense: Edgepedia Community License 1.0, https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license\n", "same_as": [], "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita", "markdown_url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita.md", "license": { "name": "Edgepedia Community License 1.0", "url": "https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license", "summary": "Free with credit, commercial use included. AI training is open to everyone. For other uses, organizations over USD 100M in revenue or 100M monthly users license separately.", "spdx": "LicenseRef-Edgepedia-Community-1.0" }, "credit": "\"Suhita\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "credit_md": "\"[Suhita](https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita)\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), [https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita](https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita). [Edgepedia Community License 1.0](https://www.edgepedia.org/edgepedia/license).", "credit_html": "\"Suhita\", Edgepedia (EdgeChat), https://www.edgepedia.org/suhita. Edgepedia Community License 1.0.", "speakable": "Suhita, also called Dyah Suhita or Dewi Kencana, was a queen of Majapahit in eastern Java, the second woman to hold its throne, reigning from 1429 to 1447." }