Ancient Greek and Roman philosophy

21 books

A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the EncheiridionEpictetus · 125A translated selection of the Stoic philosopher Epictetus's Discourses with the Encheiridion, or Manual, rendered by George Long, presenting the teachings of the former Greek slave on reason, will, and distinguishing what is within our power from what is not.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

ApologyPlato · 399 BCPlato's Apology, in Benjamin Jowett's translation, is a classical Greek philosophical work depicting Socrates' defense speech at his trial in 399 BC, where he answers charges of corrupting the youth and impiety.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

Apology, Crito, and Phaedo of SocratesPlato · 380 BCA translated collection of three Plato dialogues about the trial, imprisonment, and death of Socrates: the Apology, his courtroom defense; the Crito, on duty to the state; and the Phaedo, on the immortality of the soul.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

CritoPlato · 399 BCA philosophical dialogue by Plato about Socrates' last days in prison, where his friend Crito urges him to escape before his execution and Socrates considers whether he would be justified in disobeying the laws of Athens.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

De Amicitia, Scipio's DreamMarcus Tullius Cicero · 44 BCA translated edition of two classical essays by Cicero, written in 44 B.C. The first is a dialogue in which Laelius discusses the nature and duties of friendship after the death of Scipio, and the second recounts Scipio's dream about the universe and the immortality of the soul.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

De OfficiisMarcus Tullius Cicero · 44 BCCicero's De Officiis, written in 44 B.C., is a philosophical treatise on moral duty and personal conduct, presented as a letter of ethical guidance to his son Marcus. This edition pairs the Latin text with Walter Miller's English translation, along with an introduction and bibliography.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

EuthyphroPlato · 399 BCA classical Greek philosophical dialogue in which Socrates questions Euthyphro, a self-assured religious expert, about the nature of piety shortly before Socrates' own trial for impiety, revealing that Euthyphro cannot define it.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

MeditationsEmperor of Rome Marcus AureliusA philosophical classic by Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, organized in twelve books of personal reflections on Stoic philosophy, duty, and self-discipline. This edition includes an introduction recounting the emperor's life and reign.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

PhaedoPlato · 360 BCA classical Greek philosophical dialogue by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett, recounting the last hours of Socrates in prison, where he discusses with his disciples the immortality of the soul, the nature of death, and why the philosopher should face it without fear.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

Politics: A Treatise on GovernmentAristotle · 350 BCA classical philosophical treatise by Aristotle, translated from the Greek, examining the nature of the state, forms of government, and the role of the legislator in creating the conditions for the good life, continuing ideas from his Ethics.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

SymposiumPlato · 385 BCA classical Greek philosophical dialogue, translated by Benjamin Jowett, recounting speeches given in praise of love at a banquet hosted by Agathon, with Socrates and other guests each offering their views on love's nature and benefits.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The Consolation of PhilosophyBoethius · 524A sixth-century philosophical classic, written as a dialogue in alternating prose and verse, in which the imprisoned Boethius converses with the figure of Philosophy about fortune, virtue, true happiness, and the moral order of the world.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The EnchiridionEpictetus · 125Epictetus's Enchiridion, a second-century Stoic philosophical manual compiled by Arrian, briefly summarizes Stoic moral philosophy and its practical techniques, teaching readers to distinguish what is within their power from what is not in order to achieve inner freedom.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The Golden Sayings of Epictetus, with the Hymn of CleanthesEpictetus · 125A translated collection of short moral and philosophical sayings by the Stoic thinker Epictetus, arranged by Hastings Crossley, treating topics such as divine providence, self-discipline, and acceptance of fate, accompanied by the Hymn of Cleanthes.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The Meditations of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus A new rendering based on the Foulis translation of 1742Emperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius · 180A 1902 English rendering, based on the 1742 Foulis translation, of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius's Meditations, a classic work of Stoic philosophy in which the emperor reflects on virtue, self-discipline, and the lessons learned from family, teachers, and friends.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The Nicomachean ethics of AristotleAristotle · 340 BCA classical philosophical treatise in ten books, Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics examines virtue, good character, and happiness as the goals of human conduct, treating moral education within its social and political context as part of a larger inquiry alongside the Politics.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The RepublicPlato · 375 BCThis is a classic work of ancient Greek philosophy in which Plato, through dialogues led by Socrates, explores the nature of justice, the ideal state, education, and the role of the philosopher, culminating in the vision of a state ruled by philosophers.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The Republic of PlatoPlato · 375 BCAn 1888 English translation of Plato's Republic by B. Jowett, with introduction, analysis, and index. The classical philosophical dialogue investigates the nature of justice and describes Socrates' construction of an ideal state ruled by philosopher-kings.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

The Theological Tractates and The Consolation of PhilosophyBoethius · 524A bilingual Latin-English edition of Boethius's theological treatises and The Consolation of Philosophy, a philosophical work written while the sixth-century Roman philosopher awaited execution, presented with English translations from 1609 and the early twentieth century.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

Thoughts of Marcus AureliusEmperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius · 180A philosophical work by Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, presented in George Long's translation with a biographical sketch. Written in twelve books of personal reflections, it urges living calmly and reasonably, thinking charitably of others, and disregarding fame, riches, and power.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية

Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius AntoninusEmperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius · 180A philosophical work presenting the personal reflections of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, with an accompanying biographical sketch and discussion of his Stoic philosophy. Written by the emperor himself, the thoughts address moral self-improvement and his own life and rule.EN ES 中文 हिन्दी العربية