All articles starting with B
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Barrier analysis
Barrier analysis is a safety and risk analysis method that identifies the barriers whose absence or failure allowed a hazard or accident to occur, tracing why they failed to prevent recurrence.
Barrier beach
A barrier beach is a long, narrow ridge of sand or gravel built by wave action between the ocean and a sheltered lagoon, bay, or marsh.
Barrier certificates
A barrier certificate is a scalar function whose level sets prove a dynamical system's trajectories never enter an unsafe region, extended to stochastic systems and to control barrier functions.
Barrier Contraception
Barrier contraception: condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, sponge, and spermicides that block or kill sperm. Typical-use failure 13–22%; condoms add STI protection; caps and diaphragms are fitted, spermicide-based devices.
Barrier cream
Barrier cream (barrier preparation): a topical cream, paste, ointment, or spray applied to skin to protect against irritants and water loss, used in occupational dermatitis, diaper rash, and stoma care; evidence of prevention is low quality and it is not a glove substitute.
Barrier function
In potential theory, a barrier function is an auxiliary superharmonic function, positive inside a domain and vanishing at one boundary point; a barrier exists there exactly when the point is regular.
Barrier island
Barrier island: sandy coastal landform parallel to the mainland, separated by bays and lagoons; also called barrier chains like the Outer Banks. Forms by wave and longshore sediment deposition, protects coasts from storm surge, and erodes under sea-level rise and human activity.
Barrier layer (oceanography)
A barrier layer in oceanography is a nearly isothermal water layer between the mixed layer and the thermocline, kept in place by a salinity gradient and limiting surface heat exchange.
Barrier method (optimization)
A barrier method solves inequality-constrained optimization by adding a logarithmic barrier that keeps iterates strictly feasible, and it underlies the interior-point methods used in modern conic optimization software.
Barrier option
A barrier option is an option whose payoff depends on whether the underlying asset price reaches a pre-agreed barrier level, either activating (knock-in) or extinguishing (knock-out) the option.
Barrier reef
Barrier reef: an offshore coral reef separated from land by a deep lagoon, one of three main reef types with fringing reefs and atolls. Largest example is Australia's Great Barrier Reef; Darwin's 1842 subsidence theory explains its origin.
Barrier synchronization
Barrier synchronization is a parallel-programming construct in which threads wait at a designated point until all members of the group have arrived, appearing in OpenMP, MPI, and hardware.
Barrier-free design
Barrier-free design is an architectural approach that removes physical obstacles such as steps, narrow doorways, and high controls, originating in the early 1960s and later succeeded by universal design.
Barrière de Corail Nosy Ve Androka
Barrière de Corail Nosy Ve Androka, Ramsar Site no. 2285 (2017), a 91,445-ha cluster of eight coral reef areas in southwest Madagascar within Nosy Ve Androka National Park, hosting 140 coral and 240 fish species, coelacanths, and five marine turtles.
Barriers to entry
Barriers to entry, also called entry barriers, are market features that make it harder or more expensive for new firms to compete, central to industrial organization and antitrust practice.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 103
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 103 (Pleiades 140534) is an unnamed Roman villa at Moudoulens, commune of Trémons, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F4 no. 103, located at 44.427869 N, 0.875169 E, dated 30 BC to AD 640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 108
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 108 (Pleiades 140539) is an unnamed ancient villa near Pompogne, Lot-et-Garonne, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F4 no. 108, located at 44.255444 N, 0.051388 E, dated 30 BC to AD 640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 110
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 110 (Pleiades 140541) is a gazetteer record for an ancient villa at Ste-Bazeille, Cm. Lestang, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F4 no. 110, attested 30 BC to AD 640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 113
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 113 (Pleiades 140544) is a gazetteer record for an unnamed Roman villa at St-Martial-d'Artenset, Dordogne, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F4 no. 113, dated AD 300-640, located at 45.015402 N, 0.204666 E.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 114
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 114 is a Pleiades gazetteer place record for an ancient site cited as BAtlas 14 F4 no. 114 (Pineuilh, Cm. Les Champellans), created by H.S. Sivan in 2010.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 116
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 116 (Pleiades 140547) is an unnamed Roman villa site near Lamonzie-St-Martin, cited as BAtlas 14 F4 no. 116, located at 44.842212, 0.383091, occupied about AD 300 to 640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 124
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 124 (Pleiades 140555) is an unnamed ancient villa near St-Genès-de-Lombaud, France, cited as BAtlas 14 E4 no. 124, located at 44.753407 N, 0.381703 W, dated 30 BC to AD 300.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 127
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 127 (Pleiades 140558) is an unnamed late Roman villa near St-Germain-du-Puch, Gironde, France, mapped at BAtlas 14 E4 no. 127, located at 44.85709 N, -0.322292 E, dated AD 300-640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 13
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 13, Pleiades place 140444, is an ancient villa near Cheillé, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F1 no. 13, located at 47.26098 N, 0.405787 E, dated 30 BC to AD 640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 135
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 135 is a Pleiades gazetteer place record (ID 140566) for an unnamed ancient villa site cited as BAtlas 14 E4 no. 135 at Frontenac, Gironde, France, created 2010 by H.S. Sivan.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 15
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 15, Pleiades place 140446, is an unnamed Gallo-Roman villa at Châtigny, Fondettes, France (BAtlas 14 F1 no. 15), a 3rd-century villa with mosaics and hypocaust under the Château de Châtigny.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 17
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 17: a Pleiades gazetteer place resource for an ancient villa at Soulangé, Cm. Pouzay, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F1 no. 17, created by R.W. Mathisen, last modified October 23, 2012.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 19
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 19 (Pleiades 140450) is an unnamed Roman villa site at Chavonnière, commune of Véretz, France, cited as BAtlas 14 F1 no. 19, located at 47.345493, 0.817751, dated 30 BC to AD 640.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 22
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 22: an unnamed, number-labeled feature in the 2000 Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, cited by map, grid square, and label, with stable Pleiades identifiers.
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 24
Barrington Atlas feature labeled 24 (Pleiades 140455) is a nameless Roman villa at Le Moulin, commune Gombergean, BAtlas 14 G1 no. 24, located at 47.651091 N, 1.083215 E, dated 30 BC to AD 300, accuracy +/- 16 m.