All articles starting with B
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Belgae
The Belgae were tribes of northern Gaul between the Seine, Marne, sea, and Rhine, described by Caesar as Gaul's fiercest people claiming German ancestry; subdued 57 BCE, later Gallia Belgica.
Belgaum (district)
Belgaum district, officially Belagavi district (Kannada: ಬೆಳಗಾವಿ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ), is Karnataka's largest district, 13,415 sq km in the state's northwest, population 47,79,661 (2011), renamed from Belgaum in 2014.
Belgaum (ಬೆಳಗಾವಿ)
Belgaum, officially Belagavi (ಬೆಳಗಾವಿ) since 2014, is a city and district in northwestern Karnataka, formerly Venugrama. Second-largest Karnataka district by 2011 population (47,79,661), a foundry hub, and site of the state's winter legislature at Suvarna Vidhana Soudha.
Belgian Air Component
Belgian Air Component (Composante Air / Luchtcomponent), the Belgian Armed Forces' air arm since 15 October 1946: 5,700 personnel, 5 air bases, F-16-to-F-35 transition begun at Florennes in 2025, Benelux QRA, Baltic and Iceland air policing.
Belgian Armed Forces
Belgian Armed Forces (Belgian Defence): the federal military of Belgium with Land, Air, Maritime, Medical, and Cyber components. Key facts: 31,000 personnel in 2025, 2% GDP spending since 2025, 139 billion euro plan 2026-2034, 55,800 target by 2034.
Belgian Beer Weekend
The Belgian Beer Weekend is a free-admission beer festival held each September on the Grand-Place in Brussels, first held in 1998 and organized by Belgian Brewers, with about 60,000 visitors a year.
Belgian Blue
Belgian Blue (Blanc Bleu Belge, Belgisch Witblauw) is a Belgian beef cattle breed defined by double muscling from a fixed myostatin (MSTN) loss-of-function mutation, requiring caesarean section in about 90% of calvings and prized for lean carcasses.
Belgian chocolate
Belgian chocolate: chocolate whose complete mixing, refining, and conching are done in Belgium under the Choprabisco Belgian Chocolate Code. Known for pralines (Neuhaus, Leonidas) and for supplying 20% of world industrial chocolate via Barry Callebaut, Cargill, and Puratos.
Belgian colonial empire
Belgian colonial empire: Leopold II's Congo Free State (1885–1908), the Belgian Congo (1908–1960), and the Ruanda-Urundi mandate (1919–1962), marked by forced labor, 1960 independence, and ongoing Belgian reckoning.
Belgian Congo
The Belgian Congo (Congo belge) was the colony Belgium administered in Central Africa from 1908 until independence on June 30, 1960, as the Republic of the Congo.
Belgian cuisine
Belgian cuisine (cuisine belge, Belgische keuken): the cooking of Belgium, split into Flemish beer-braised and Walloon French-leaning traditions, known for frites, mussels, waffles, chocolate, and UNESCO-recognized beer culture.
Belgian Customs Administration
The Belgian Customs Administration was the corps of Belgian officials who, from 1898, directed and reorganized the customs service of Qajar Iran, first led by Joseph Naus.
Belgian endive
Belgian endive (witloof, chicon), Cichorium intybus var. foliosum, is a forced chicory head grown in darkness from cold-stored taproots; originated in Belgium around 1850, EU output about 350,000 tons yearly.
Belgian Federal Agency for Nuclear Control
The Belgian Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (FANC/AFCN) is Belgium's nuclear safety and radiation protection regulator, fully operational since 2001 and overseeing the Doel and Tihange plants.
Belgian Federal Parliament
Belgian Federal Parliament: bicameral legislature of the Chamber of Representatives (150 directly elected) and the Senate (60, indirectly chosen), exercising federal legislative power with the King.
Belgian franc
The Belgian franc (Belgische frank, franc belge) was Belgium's currency from 1832 until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro at 40.3399 francs per euro.
Belgian Grand Prix
Belgian Grand Prix (Grand Prix de Belgique), Formula One race at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Ardennes, Belgium; first run 1925, championship round since 1950; 7.004 km, 44 laps; Schumacher most wins with six.
Belgian Land Component
The Belgian Land Component (Landmacht) is Belgium's army, its largest force with over 9,000 troops, 5 motorized infantry battalions, a special operations headquarters, NATO eastern-flank deployments, and the CaMo vehicle modernization program.
Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix
The Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix was a round of the FIM Road Racing World Championship at Spa-Francorchamps from 1949 to 1990, producing the fastest Grand Prix race in history in 1977.
Belgian Pro League
Belgian Pro League (Jupiler Pro League), Belgium's top football division run by the Pro League. 16 clubs with play-offs through 2025-26; 18 clubs, 34 matchdays, no play-offs from 2026-27.
Belgian Reactor 2
Belgian Reactor 2 (BR2) is a 100 MW high-flux materials testing reactor at the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre in Mol, Belgium, in operation since 1961 and a major supplier of medical radioisotopes such as molybdenum-99.
Belgian Revolution
Belgian Revolution (Révolution belge), 1830–1831: uprising of the Southern Netherlands against King William I, producing Belgian independence on 4 October 1830, the 1831 constitution, Leopold I, and the 1839 separation treaty.
Belgian Shepherd
Belgian Shepherd (Chien de Berger Belge): one FCI breed No. 15 from Belgium with four coat varieties, Groenendael, Tervueren, Malinois, Laekenois; AKC registers them as four separate breeds since 1959.
Belgian surrealism
Belgian surrealism is the branch of the Surrealist movement that developed in Belgium from 1924, centered in Brussels on the poet Paul Nougé and the painter René Magritte.
Belgian Symbolism
Belgian Symbolism (symbolisme belge) is the branch of the Symbolist movement that developed in Belgium from about 1880, led by Maurice Maeterlinck, Émile Verhaeren, and Georges Rodenbach.
Belgian waffle
Belgian waffle, gaufre de Bruxelles or gaufre de Liège: waffle varieties from Belgium. Brussels style is rectangular, light, yeast or egg-white leavened; Liège is dense brioche dough with pearl sugar; the American version is a baking-powder adaptation popularized at the 1964 New York World's Fair.
Belgians
Belgians are the inhabitants and nationals of Belgium, a Western European federal state created in 1830 whose population of 11.9 million is divided among three language communities.
Belgica Rupes
Belgica Rupes, a lobate scarp complex on Mercury near the south pole, revealed by MESSENGER's third flyby; bounds Mercury's great valley with Enterprise Rupes; IAU named 2013 after the Belgian polar ship Belgica.
Belgin Şimşek
Belgin Şimşek is a Turkish actress known for playing Gonca Hatun in the ATV historical series Kuruluş: Osman and its sequel Kuruluş: Orhan, after supporting roles from 2021.
Belginum
Belginum: Roman vicus near Wederath, Morbach, Hunsrück, Germany, on the Trier–Mainz road, inhabited ca. 400 BC–AD 400; 2,500-grave cemetery, three temple districts, museum opened 2002.