All articles starting with B
27,400 articles
Bertram Pitt
Bertram Pitt, born 1932 in New York, is an American cardiologist at the University of Michigan who led landmark heart failure trials including SOLVD, RALES, and EPHESUS.
Bertram Ramsay
Admiral Sir Bertram Home Ramsay (1883-1945), British Royal Navy officer, organized the Dunkirk evacuation (Operation Dynamo, 338,226 troops rescued) and commanded Allied naval forces for D-Day (Operation Neptune); killed in a 1945 air crash.
Bertram Wiedenmann
Bertram Wiedenmann is a German gastroenterologist and neuroendocrine tumor researcher at Charité Berlin, known for discovering synaptophysin, a standard diagnostic marker for neuroendocrine tumors, and for co-founding ENETS, which gave him its 2024 Life Achievement Award.
Bertran de Born
Bertran de Born (ca. 1140–before 1215), Occitan troubadour and lord of Hautefort castle in Périgord, wrote about 40–48 poems, mostly political war sirventes; only Rassa, tan creis survives with music. Dante damned him in Inferno XXVIII as a sower of discord.
Bertrand Cantat
Bertrand Cantat (born 1964, Pau) is the French singer-songwriter who led the rock band Noir Désir; convicted in 2004 in Vilnius to eight years for the fatal assault of actor Marie Trintignant, released conditionally in 2007, later in Détroit.
Bertrand Coiffier
Bertrand Coiffier (1947–2019) was a French hematologist, professor at Lyon, who led the trials establishing R-CHOP as standard treatment for elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Bertrand competition
Bertrand competition is an oligopoly model in which firms compete by setting prices rather than quantities, named after Joseph Bertrand, who introduced it in an 1883 review of Cournot.
Bertrand Coste
Bertrand Coste (born 1979 in Manosque, France) is a French neuroscientist at the CNRS in Marseille who, as first author of the 2010 Science paper, identified the PIEZO ion channels underlying touch.
Bertrand d'Ogeron
Bertrand d'Ogeron (1613–1676) was a French naval officer and colonial administrator who governed Tortuga and Saint-Domingue from 1665 to 1675, laying the foundations of the French colony later known as Haiti.
Bertrand du Guesclin
Bertrand du Guesclin (c. 1320–1380), Breton captain and Constable of France under Charles V, victor of Cocherel (1364), kingmaker in Castile for Henri de Trastamare, leader of the French reconquest of the 1370s, buried at Saint-Denis.
Bertrand Gille
Bertrand Gille (born 1978, Valence), nicknamed Bobo, French handball pivot, brother of Guillaume Gille; double Olympic champion 2008 and 2012, world champion 2001 and 2011, European champion 2006 and 2010, IHF World Player of the Year 2002, 268 France caps.
Bertrand Halperin
Bertrand Halperin, born in 1941, is an American theoretical physicist and Harvard professor known for the Halperin–Nelson hexatic melting theory and for quantum Hall edge states and fractional statistics.
Bertrand I. Halperin
Bertrand I. Halperin, also published as B. I. Halperin, is an American condensed matter physicist at Harvard known for KTHNY melting theory and quantum Hall theory.
Bertrand Pancher
Bertrand Pancher is a French politician who has led the centrist party Utiles since 2023, after serving as a deputy of the Meuse and twice mayor of Bar-le-Duc.
Bertrand paradox (probability)
The Bertrand paradox, noted by Joseph Bertrand in 1889, shows that a random chord in a circle exceeding the inscribed triangle's side gives three defensible probabilities: 1/3, 1/2, and 1/4.
Bertrand Piccard
Bertrand Piccard, Swiss psychiatrist and explorer, made the first non-stop balloon circumnavigation (1999, Breitling Orbiter 3) and first solar-powered round-the-world flight (2016, Solar Impulse 2), then founded the Solar Impulse Foundation and leads the Climate Impulse hydrogen plane project.
Bertrand Routy
Bertrand Routy is a Canadian hemato-oncologist who directs the oncomicrobiome laboratory at CRCHUM in Montreal, known for linking antibiotics and gut bacteria to cancer immunotherapy response.
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, was a British philosopher and logician who co-founded analytic philosophy, co-wrote Principia Mathematica, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950.
Bertrand Séraphin
Bertrand Séraphin, born 1961, is a French molecular biologist who leads the Eukaryotic mRNA decay team at CNRS and IGBMC near Strasbourg, known for spliceosome work and the TAP method.
Bertrand Tombal
Bertrand Tombal is a Belgian urologic oncologist, professor at UCLouvain and head of urology at Saint-Luc in Brussels since 1998, known for the PREVAIL prostate cancer trial.
Bertrand Traoré
Bertrand Isidore Traoré, born 1995 in Bobo-Dioulasso, is a Burkinabé left-footed right winger who captained Burkina Faso (91 caps) and played for Chelsea, Ajax, Lyon, Aston Villa, Villarreal, Sunderland, and Wolves.
Bertrand's box paradox
Bertrand's box paradox is a probability problem posed by Joseph Bertrand in 1889: after drawing a gold coin from one of three boxes, the other coin is gold with probability 2/3.
Bertrand's postulate
Bertrand's postulate, also called the Bertrand–Chebyshev theorem, states that for every n > 1 there is a prime between n and 2n; conjectured in 1845 by Joseph Bertrand and first proved by Chebyshev in 1850.
Bertrandt
Bertrandt is a German engineering services company based in Ehningen that develops products for the automotive, aviation, and other industries. It was founded in 1974.
BERTScore
BERTScore is an automatic evaluation metric for text generation that matches tokens through cosine similarities of contextual embeddings from a pretrained language model, proposed in 2019.
Beruth Corona
Beruth Corona is a 350-km-diameter corona, a volcano-tectonic ring structure, on Venus at 19°S, 233.5°E; IAU-named in 1994 for a Phoenician earth goddess and classified as a multiple corona.
Berwick-upon-Tweed
Berwick-upon-Tweed, also Berwick, is England's northernmost town, in Northumberland at the River Tweed mouth near the Scottish border. Contested 13–14 times until 1482, it retains unique Elizabethan bastioned ramparts begun in 1558.
Berwind P. Kaufmann
Berwind P. Kaufmann was an American cytogeneticist who studied radiation-induced chromosome breaks at Cold Spring Harbor and joined the National Academy of Sciences in 1952.
Berwyn Jones
Berwyn Jones (Thomas Berwyn Jones, 1940-2007), Welsh sprinter and rugby league footballer from Rhymney; equalled the 4x110 yards world record (40.0, White City 1963) with Britain, then won three Great Britain caps with Wakefield Trinity and Bradford Northern.
Berwyn, Pennsylvania
Berwyn, Pennsylvania: Main Line census-designated place in Easttown Township, Chester County; formerly Cockletown and Reeseville, renamed 1877 by the Pennsylvania Railroad; 3,775 residents (2020), Tredyffrin-Easttown schools, SEPTA Paoli/Thorndale station.