All articles starting with B
27,400 articles
Bias (statistics)
Statistical bias is a systematic tendency for an estimate or measurement to fall above or below its true value, arising from systematic rather than random error.
Bias against left-handed people
Bias against left-handed people: stigma, forced right-hand conversion, and tool design disadvantaging the roughly 10.6% left-handed minority, rooted in right-good/left-bad symbolism and debunked pathology myths.
Bias blind spot
Bias blind spot: the tendency to see cognitive and motivational biases in others more than in oneself, named by Pronin, Lin, and Ross (2002), explained by naive realism, self-enhancement, and the introspection illusion, and unattenuated by cognitive sophistication.
Bias of an estimator
The bias of an estimator, also called estimator bias, is the difference between the estimator's expected value and the true parameter value; an estimator with zero bias is unbiased.
Bias temperature instability
Bias temperature instability (BTI) is a MOS device degradation mechanism in which threshold voltage drifts under sustained gate bias at elevated temperature, occurring as NBTI or PBTI.
Bias–variance tradeoff
The bias–variance tradeoff, also known as the bias–variance dilemma, is a machine learning principle stating that reducing a model's bias tends to increase its variance.
Biased-noise surface code
The biased-noise surface code is a surface code variant for quantum error correction that exploits noise bias, where dephasing dominates; the best-known example is the XZZX surface code.
Biasing
Biasing is the application of DC voltages to a transistor, diode, or vacuum tube to set a DC operating point, or Q-point, so the output signal is undistorted.
Biathlon
Biathlon: Olympic winter sport combining cross-country skiing (skating technique) with .22 rifle shooting; rifle minimum 3.5 kg. Formats include sprint, pursuit, individual, mass start, relay; misses cost penalty loops or time. Military origins, Olympic since 1960.
Biathlon at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Biathlon at the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics: 11 events at Alpensia Biathlon Centre, 7–23 February 2018. Germany led with 3 golds; Dahlmeier and Fourcade starred; France won the mixed relay; Russian stars excluded.
Biathlon European Championships
IBU Open European Championships Biathlon (OECH), annual European biathlon championships first held 1994 in Kontiolahti; open-age event for IBU federations, age cap 26, 33 editions through 2026, held 2026 in Sjusjøen, Norway.
Biathlon in China
Biathlon in China is a small winter sports program that debuted at the 1980 Olympics and was rebuilt with foreign coaching after Beijing hosted the 2022 Games.
Biathlon in Kazakhstan
Biathlon in Kazakhstan is the winter sport of cross-country skiing combined with rifle shooting, inherited from the Soviet system; Elena Khrustaleva won silver at the 2010 Vancouver Olympics.
Biathlon Junior World Championships
IBU Youth/Junior World Championships Biathlon (YJWCH), annual biathlon world titles for youth 16-19 and junior 20-22; 18 races per edition; 30th edition Arber 2026, Germany.
Biathlon rifle
Biathlon rifle: the .22 LR (5.6 mm) rimfire rifle biathletes carry on skis and fire at 50 m knock-down targets; minimum 3.5 kg, Anschütz 1827 Fortner straight-pull is the standard, IBU rules govern specs and safety.
Biathlon World Championships
The IBU Biathlon World Championships are the annual title events for biathlon, first held in Saalfelden, Austria, in 1958 and skipped in Olympic seasons; Norway leads the all-time medal table.
Biathlon World Championships 2009
The 2009 IBU Biathlon World Championships, held at Alpensia Biathlon Center in PyeongChang, South Korea, from 13 to 22 February 2009, were the first hosted in South Korea.
Biathlon World Championships 2021
2021 IBU Biathlon World Championships, Pokljuka, Slovenia, 9–21 February 2021; 52nd edition, 337 athletes from 38 countries, 12 races; Norway led with 7 gold, 14 medals; Laegreid and Davidova won individual titles.
Biathlon World Championships relay and mixed relay results
The Biathlon World Championships relay results cover the men's 4 × 7.5 km relay, first held in 1974, plus the women's relay and the mixed relay formats, with Norway leading the medal tables.
Biathlon World Championships sprint results
The Biathlon World Championships sprint is a 10 km men's and 7.5 km women's race, part of the championships since 1974 for men and 1984 for women.
Biathlon World Cup
The Biathlon World Cup (IBU World Cup) is the International Biathlon Union's annual series of ski-and-shoot races across three trimesters, with 21 individual competitions plus relays, a Total Score title, and formats including sprint, pursuit, individual, and mass start.
Biathlon World Cup discipline standings
The Biathlon World Cup discipline standings are the IBU's per-discipline classifications in sprint, pursuit, individual, and mass start; Martin Fourcade leads men's mass start with 15 wins.
Biathlon World Cup overall champions
The Biathlon World Cup overall champions are the season points leaders. Martin Fourcade holds the men's record with 7 overall globes and Magdalena Forsberg the women's with 6.
Biathlon World Cup relay competitions
The Biathlon World Cup relay competitions are the IBU circuit's team events: men's 4x7.5 km, women's 4x6 km, mixed, and single mixed relays, with season-long national standings.
Biathlon World Cup seasons, 2009/10–2018/19
The Biathlon World Cup seasons, 2009/10–2018/19, are ten annual circuits of elite biathlon competition; Emil Hegle Svendsen won the 2009/10 men's overall title with 828 points.
Biathlon World Cup venues and calendar
The Biathlon World Cup calendar is the annual sequence of stage venues for the IBU's top series, with nine to ten meetings per winter at a stable core of European venues.
BIATICH trial
BIATICH (NCT05593380) is a completed Chinese multicenter randomized trial testing invasive intracranial pressure monitoring guided management versus imaging-clinical assessment in adults with supratentorial hemorrhage of 30 mL or more, with 90-day mRS as the primary outcome.
Biaxial nematic liquid crystals
A biaxial nematic liquid crystal is a nematic phase in which molecules align along two orthogonal directors, predicted in 1970 and confirmed in lyotropic systems about a decade later.
Biaxial tensile testing
Biaxial tensile testing applies tensile loads along two perpendicular axes of a specimen at a controlled ratio, yielding stress-strain curves and yield-surface data for sheet metals standardized in ISO 16842:2021.
Bib Fortuna
Bib Fortuna, Twi'lek majordomo of Jabba the Hutt in Star Wars, appears in Return of the Jedi, The Phantom Menace, and The Book of Boba Fett; he controlled access to Jabba, survived his master's fall, seized the throne, and was killed by Boba Fett.