All articles starting with B

Bromfenac

Bromfenac, a brominated ophthalmic NSAID (Xibrom, Bromday, Prolensa, BromSite, Yellox), inhibits COX-2 to treat inflammation and pain after cataract surgery; oral Duract was withdrawn in 1998 for liver failure.

Bromhexine

Bromhexine, a vasicine-derived mucoactive drug marketed since 1963, is an OTC mucolytic/expectorant for productive cough; metabolized to ambroxol, TMPRSS2 inhibitor, small SCAR risk per 2015 EMA review.

BROMI, middle region

BROMI, middle region (Pfam PF14961) is a conserved chordate protein domain in broad-minded protein (Tbc1d32), which with CCRK/CDK20 regulates ciliary membrane and axonemal growth and enables high-level Shh/GLI2 responses in the neural tube.

Bromide

Bromide, also known as the bromide ion, is the anion Br⁻ of bromine, the raw material for extracting bromine and the basis of silver halide photography.

Brominated flame retardant

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are man-made bromine chemicals added to plastics, textiles, and electronics to make them less flammable; many, including PBDEs and HBCD, are persistent and toxic and have been phased out.

Brominated vegetable oil

Brominated vegetable oil (BVO, INS 443) is bromine-modified vegetable oil once used at up to 15 ppm to stabilize citrus flavoring in beverages; the FDA revoked its food additive authorization in 2024 over thyroid safety findings.

Bromine

Bromine, also known as element 35, is a halogen element, atomic number 35, a fuming reddish-brown liquid at room temperature used in flame retardants and drilling fluids.

Bromisovalum

Bromisovalum (bromisoval, bromovalerylurea, Bromural) is a bromoureide sedative-hypnotic, ATC N05CM03, DDD 0.6 g oral, withdrawn in the Netherlands in 1987 and not internationally scheduled.

Bromley

Bromley: south-east London town and borough centre, first recorded 862 as Bromleag; chartered market (1205), railway suburb from 1858, part of Greater London since 1965, population about 336,000.

Bromley F.C.

Bromley F.C., the Ravens, an English football club founded in 1892 in Bromley, south London, based at Hayes Lane since 1938; won the FA Amateur Cup three times and reached the EFL for the first time in 2024 via the National League play-offs.

Bromo Tengger Semeru-Arjuno Biosphere Reserve

Bromo Tengger Semeru-Arjuno Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO MAB reserve in East Java, Indonesia, designated 2015; 413,375 ha of volcanic high-mountain forest around Bromo, Semeru, Arjuno, and Welirang.

Bromocriptine

Bromocriptine (Parlodel, Cycloset), a semisynthetic 2-bromo ergot alkaloid dopamine D2 agonist developed at Sandoz, treats hyperprolactinemia, prolactinomas, acromegaly, Parkinson's disease, and type 2 diabetes; US approval 1978, WHO EML alternative to cabergoline.

Bromocyclen

Bromocyclen (bromociclen, bromodan; CAS 1715-40-8) is an obsolete organochlorine cyclodiene insecticide, C8H5BrCl6, formerly a veterinary topical ectoparasiticide for mites, ticks, and flies; not approved in the EU or UK, WHO class O.

Bromodiphenhydramine

Bromodiphenhydramine (bromazine, Ambodryl) is a brominated ethanolamine first-generation H1 antihistamine derived from diphenhydramine, first approved in 1954, with antimicrobial, sedative, and anticholinergic actions; largely discontinued.

Bromodomain

Bromodomain: an acetyl-lysine-binding protein module (about 110 amino acids, four-helix bundle) that reads histone acetylation marks; 61 human bromodomains in 46 proteins; BET inhibitors in cancer drug development.

Bromofenoxim

Bromofenoxim (Faneron, CAS 13181-17-4) is an obsolete dinitrophenyl oxime, phenoxy-type selective herbicide inhibiting photosynthesis and generating bromoxynil; first reported 1969, withdrawn from the EU in 2002 and not approved under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009.

Bromonordiazepam

Bromonordiazepam (desalkylgidazepam, bromo-nordazepam) is a long-acting designer benzodiazepine, the active metabolite of the prodrug gidazepam, with an 86.73 h half-life, high GABA-A affinity, and illicit emergence since 2022 in Canada, Europe, the USA, and Australia.

Bromophenol

Bromophenol is a family of halogenated phenols with one to five bromine atoms, found naturally in marine algae and used industrially in flame retardants and wood preservatives.

Oct 15, 2026

Bromophenol blue

Bromophenol blue, also called tetrabromophenolsulfonphthalein, is a sulfonphthalein dye that changes from yellow to blue between pH 3.0 and 4.6 and serves as a tracking dye in gel electrophoresis.

Bromophos

Bromophos (bromofos, Nexion, ENT 27162), CAS 2104-96-3, is an obsolete organophosphate insecticide and acaricide, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor acting via its metabolite bromoxon, formerly used on crops, stored grain, and animals; not EU-approved and unregistered in Japan.

Bromophos ethyl

Bromophos-ethyl (CAS 4824-78-6, SHG-2225, Nexagan) is an obsolete organophosphate insecticide and acaricide, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor introduced circa 1973, with ADI 0-0.003 mg/kg bw, cancelled in the EU in 2002.

Bromopride

Bromopride (bromoprida), a D2 dopamine antagonist prokinetic and antiemetic related to metoclopramide, marketed in Brazil, Italy, and Taiwan but not the US; used for nausea, vomiting, and motility disorders.

Bromopropylate

Bromopropylate (Neoron, Acarol, Folbex VA; CAS 18181-80-1) is a diphenylcarbinol contact acaricide introduced by Geigy in 1966 for mites on fruit and citrus, later used against Varroa in beekeeping; not approved in the EU.

Bromothymol blue

Bromothymol blue (BTB), bromothymol sulfone phthalein, is a sulfonephthalein pH indicator: yellow below pH 6.0, green to 7.6, blue above; pKa 7.5; used as a CO2 indicator and in diagnostics and sensors.

Bromoxynil

Bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) is a selective benzonitrile herbicide for post-emergent broadleaf weed control, inhibiting photosystem II and uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation; registered in the US and Canada but not approved in the EU.

Bromperidol

Bromperidol (R-11333, Impromen) is a first-generation butyrophenone antipsychotic, a bromine analog of haloperidol acting on dopamine D2 receptors, used for schizophrenia in parts of Europe and Japan.

Brompheniramine

Brompheniramine (Dimetane, Bromfed, Dimetapp combinations) is a first-generation alkylamine H1 antihistamine, FDA-approved in 1957, used for allergy, rhinitis, and urticaria symptoms; sedating and anticholinergic.

Brompton Cemetery

Brompton Cemetery, opened 1840 as the West of London and Westminster Cemetery, is a Grade I Magnificent Seven garden cemetery in West London, designed by Benjamin Baud, state-owned since the 1850s, with over 205,000 burials including Emmeline Pankhurst.

Brompton Roman fort

Brompton Roman fort, also called Pentreheyling Roman fort, is a cropmark Roman fort near Brompton, Shropshire, first seen from the air in 1969. Excavated 1977–1998, it was a Flavian-period fort with a vicus, iron smithing, and rare litharge cakes, reoccupied in the 4th century.