All articles starting with B
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Burgers model (rheology)
The Burgers model is a four-element linear viscoelastic model, a Maxwell element in series with a Kelvin–Voigt element, used to describe creep and stress relaxation, with applications especially in the geo-sciences.
Burgers vector
The Burgers vector, written b, quantifies the lattice distortion carried by a dislocation, a line defect in a crystal; it was introduced by Johannes Martinus Burgers in 1939.
Burgers' equation
Burgers' equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation combining advection and diffusion, introduced by J.M. Burgers in the late 1930s as a simple model of fluid turbulence.
Bürgerspital vor dem Kärntnertor
Bürgerspital vor dem Kärntnertor, Vienna's medieval civic hospital founded 1253–1257 outside the Kärntnertor on the Wienfluss; destroyed 1529, moved to the St. Clara convent, dissolved under Joseph II in the 1780s.
Burgess (title)
Burgess (title): a freeman of a medieval or early modern borough, also a borough magistrate, voter, or Member of Parliament; from Old French burgeis, with rights gained by birth, apprenticeship, marriage, or purchase.
Burgess Falls State Park
Burgess Falls State Park, also Burgess Falls State Natural Area, is a day-use Tennessee state park in Putnam and White Counties where the Falling Water River drops nearly 250 feet over three waterfalls, the last plunging more than 130 feet.
Burgess H. Jennings
Burgess H. Jennings, also known as Burgess Hill Jennings, was an American mechanical engineer at Northwestern University whose textbooks on air conditioning and refrigeration were used worldwide.
Burgess Meredith
Burgess Meredith (1907 or 1908–1997), American character actor of stage, film, radio and TV; George in Of Mice and Men, Ernie Pyle in G.I. Joe, the Penguin in Batman, and Oscar-nominated as Mickey in Rocky.
Burgess Owens
Burgess Owens (born 1951, Columbus, Ohio) is a Republican U.S. representative for Utah's 4th District since 2021 and former NFL safety for the Jets and Raiders, winning Super Bowl XV; retiring from Congress in 2026 after redistricting.
Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale, or Burgess Shale Formation, is a fossil-bearing rock unit in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, famous for soft-part preservation of Middle Cambrian animals.
Burgessochaeta
Burgessochaeta, sole species Burgessochaeta setigera (Walcott, 1911), is a stem-group polychaete annelid from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale, a slender tentacled deposit-feeding worm also recorded from Utah's Spence Shale.
Burgessomedusa
Burgessomedusa phasmiformis, described 2 August 2023 from 182 Burgess Shale fossils, is the oldest unequivocal free-swimming jellyfish, a 505-million-year-old stem cubozoan up to 20 cm tall.
Burgher people
Burghers (Sinhala Lansi) are a Sri Lankan Eurasian community descended from VOC settlers and Portuguese-era unions; tiny census minority (0.18% in 2012), English-speaking, largely emigrated to Australia after 1956.
Burghley House
Burghley House is a grand sixteenth-century country house near Stamford, Lincolnshire, built for William Cecil between 1555 and 1587 and one of the largest Elizabethan mansions in England.
Burginatium
Burginatium (Altkalkar, Kalkar-Bornsches Feld): Roman cavalry fort on the Lower German Limes, Rhine bank near Xanten; 3 ha fort reduced to 2 ha in Late Antiquity, with large vicus and UNESCO status.
Burglar
Burglar is a 1987 American comedy-mystery film starring Whoopi Goldberg as a San Francisco bookstore owner who burgles on the side and is framed for murder.
Burglary
Burglary: the crime of unlawfully entering or remaining in a building with intent to commit a crime inside; also called breaking and entering or housebreaking. Covers common law elements, modern statutes, sentencing, prevalence, and prevention.
Burglinde Pollak
Burglinde Pollak (born 1951), East German pentathlete, two-time Olympic bronze medalist (Munich 1972, Montreal 1976), three-time European silver medalist, and five-time pentathlon world record holder (1970, 1973).
Burgman Oil and Gas Field
Burgman is an oil field in Block 28/9a of the UK Central North Sea, discovered in March 2011 and onstream in May 2018 as part of the Catcher Area development.
Burgomaster
Burgomaster, or Bürgermeister, is the title for the chief municipal magistrate of a town in the Netherlands, Germany, and Belgium, first recorded in English in 1592 from the Dutch burgemeester.
Burgos
Burgos, Castile and León city in northern Spain, capital of the unified kingdom of Castile and León for five centuries; Gothic cathedral (World Heritage), stop on the Camino de Santiago, near Atapuerca, about 176,000-180,000 residents.
Burgos Cathedral
Burgos Cathedral is the Gothic Catholic cathedral of Burgos in northern Spain, dedicated to Saint Mary, begun in 1221 and completed in 1567, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1984.
Burgstall am Schlern cult site
Burgstall am Schlern cult site, also known as Monte Castello, is a prehistoric burnt-offering place on the Schlern massif in South Tyrol, Italy, used since the Early Bronze Age.
Burgtheater
Burgtheater: Austria's national spoken-drama theatre in Vienna, founded 1741, made the German Nationaltheater by Joseph II in 1776, housed since 1888 in the Semper and Hasenauer Ringstrasse building with Klimt ceiling paintings, 1,140 seats, and three satellite venues.
Burgundian Netherlands
Burgundian Netherlands: Low Countries principalities united under the Valois dukes of Burgundy (1384-1477), later Habsburg rule, foundation of the modern Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg; central to the Huizinga-Pirenne historiographical debate.
Burgundians
The Burgundians (Burgundiones, Burgondes) were a Germanic people settled at Worms and then Sapaudia (443); kingdom of Gundobad (474–516), Lex Burgundionum, destroyed by the Franks in 534.
Burgundy
Burgundy (Bourgogne) is a historical region of east-central France, a former duchy and former administrative region, and a celebrated wine region whose Climats vineyards are UNESCO World Heritage listed.
Burgundy wine
Burgundy wine: wines of Bourgogne, France, from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay across 84 appellations and 1,247 UNESCO-listed Climats on 30,052 hectares, shaped by monks, Valois dukes, and a cool climate with ever-earlier harvests.
Burgus
Burgus (plural burgi): small Roman fortified tower or fort, from Greek pyrgos per some scholars, used on the Rhine and Danube frontiers in late antiquity; forerunner of the medieval castle and source of French bourg.
Burgus Speculatorius Commodianus
Burgus Speculatorius Commodianus, a Roman surveillance watchtower in Numidia at Loth Bordj, Algeria, founded under Commodus (CIL 8.2494); Barrington Atlas 34 D2, paired with the Antoninianus tower at Ksar Sidi el Hadj.