All articles starting with D
24,034 articles
Detention of Craig and Lindsay Foreman
Detention of Craig and Lindsay Foreman: British couple from East Sussex arrested in Iran on 3 January 2025 during a motorcycle world tour, sentenced in February 2026 to ten years for espionage, which they deny.
Detention of Everlee Wihongi
Detention of Everlee Wihongi: 2026 ICE custody of a New Zealand citizen and US green card holder held at Los Angeles airport over a 2014 Wisconsin cannabis conviction; the conviction was vacated and she was later released after criticism of New Zealand's consular response.
Detention of Liam Conejo Ramos
January 20, 2026 ICE detention of five-year-old Ecuadorian Liam Conejo Ramos (Liam Ramos) and father Adrian Conejo Arias in Columbia Heights, Minnesota, during Operation Metro Surge; Dilley detention, court-ordered release, and denied asylum claim.
Detention of Mahmoud Khalil
Detention of Mahmoud Khalil: the March 8, 2025 ICE arrest of the Palestinian Columbia graduate and lawful permanent resident, his 104-day detention in Jena, Louisiana, the Rubio foreign-policy deportation charge, and the resulting habeas and Third Circuit litigation.
Detention of Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig
The 'Two Michaels': Canadians Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor, detained by China on December 10, 2018 in apparent retaliation for Meng Wanzhou's arrest, held 1,019 days, and released September 24, 2021, the day Meng's extradition case was dropped.
Detention of Rümeysa Öztürk
Detention of Rümeysa Öztürk: Turkish Tufts PhD student and Fulbright scholar arrested by ICE March 25, 2025 in Somerville over a Gaza op-ed, held six weeks in Louisiana, released by court order May 9, 2025.
Detergent
A detergent is a cleaning product whose active ingredients are surfactants, which lower water's surface tension so it can wet surfaces, lift soil, and rinse it away.
Deterioration modeling
Deterioration modeling, also called infrastructure deterioration modeling, uses statistical, probabilistic, and physical models to predict how infrastructure, most commonly highway bridges, declines over time, guiding maintenance and budget planning in systems like Pontis.
Determinacy (set theory)
In set theory, determinacy is the property of an infinite two-player game that one player has a winning strategy; the full Axiom of Determinacy contradicts the Axiom of Choice.
Determinacy and large cardinals
Determinacy and large cardinals refers to results linking determinacy axioms, which say certain infinite games have winning strategies, with large cardinal axioms, beginning with work from the 1960s onward.
Determinant
The determinant of a square matrix is a scalar that measures how the matrix scales oriented volume and is zero exactly when the matrix is not invertible.
Determinantal point process
A determinantal point process is a random point process whose points repel each other, used in machine learning for selecting diverse subsets and in spatial statistics.
Determination of equilibrium constants
Determination of equilibrium constants is the set of thermodynamic definitions, experimental methods, and data-evaluation procedures used to assign numerical values to the equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction.
Determination of the day of the week
Determination of the day of the week is the problem of computing the weekday of any calendar date, solved by algorithms from Gauss's 1800 method to Conway's doomsday rule.
Determination of the structure of sodium chloride
The determination of the structure of sodium chloride was the first crystal structure solved by X-ray diffraction; W. L. Bragg published it in 1913, showing that solid salt contains ions rather than molecules.
Determiner
Determiners are noun-phrase-initial words (the, a, this, my, some) marking definiteness, possession, quantity, and number. Key facts: DP hypothesis head status, specific vs general classes, obligatoriness with singular count nouns, grammaticalization history in English and French.
Determining the number of clusters in a data set
Determining the number of clusters in a data set is the problem of choosing how many groups a cluster analysis should produce, guided by indices like the silhouette.
Determinism
Determinism is the thesis that the state of the world and the laws of nature fix a unique future. Distinguished from fatalism and predictability; shaped by Laplace, chaos theory, quantum mechanics, and the free will debate.
Deterministic algorithm
A deterministic algorithm is an algorithm that, given the same inputs, always produces the same outputs on every run, making its behavior completely predictable from the input alone.
Deterministic finite automaton
A deterministic finite automaton, also called a deterministic finite state machine, is a finite-state machine that reads input one symbol at a time and recognizes exactly the regular languages.
Deterministic policy gradient
The deterministic policy gradient (DPG) is a reinforcement-learning gradient for deterministic policies, proved model-free by Silver et al. in 2014 and the basis of DDPG and TD3.
Deterministic simulation
A deterministic simulation is a computational model in which every input is fixed and non-random, so repeated runs with the same inputs give identical outputs.
Deterministic transfer technique for van der Waals assembly
Deterministic transfer is a family of techniques for picking up individual 2D material flakes and placing them at chosen locations and orientations, building van der Waals heterostructures layer by layer with high yield and cleanliness.
Deterrence theory
Deterrence theory explains how threats of retaliation prevent attack, requiring capability, commitment, and communication. Associated with Thomas Schelling and nuclear strategy, it spans deterrence versus compellence, extended deterrence, cyber deterrence, and criminological deterrence research.
Detgiz
Detgiz was the Soviet state publishing house for children's and youth literature, founded in 1933 with Marshak as editor; in 1956 it issued 70% of Soviet children's books.
Dethklok
Dethklok: fictional death metal band of Adult Swim's Metalocalypse (premiered 2006) and a real touring melodic death metal act led by Brendon Small with drummer Gene Hoglan; five Dethalbums released 2007-2023, including Dethalbum IV with the Army of the Doomstar film.
Detlef
Detlef is the stage name of Alexandros Georgiadis, a Greek tech-house DJ and producer whose 2017 single "Swagon" hit number one on Beatport, and who holds a residency at Jamie Jones' Paradise parties in Ibiza.
Detlef Hofmann
Detlef Hofmann (born 1963, Karlsruhe) is a German sprint canoe coach and retired kayaker, Olympic K4 1000 m gold medalist at Atlanta 1996, a multiple K4 world champion, banned two years for testosterone before Barcelona 1992, later DKV Bundestrainer.
Detlef Lohse
Detlef Lohse, born in 1963 in Hamburg, Germany, is a German physicist who holds the Chair of Physics of Fluids at the University of Twente, known for turbulence and sonoluminescence.
Detlef P. van Vuuren
Detlef P. van Vuuren, also known as Detlef van Vuuren, is a Dutch climate scientist who led development of the RCP and SSP scenarios used in IPCC assessments.