All articles starting with D
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Diprionidae
Diprionidae, the conifer sawflies (also Combhorn Sawflies), is a family of sawflies whose larvae feed on the needles and cones of conifers, sometimes defoliating pine stands in outbreaks.
Dipriz Animal Park
Dipriz Animal Park (Парк животных «Диприз», Парк жывёл «Дыпрыз») is a private 344-hectare zoo-landscape park near Baranovichi, Belarus, founded in 2011 by furniture firm Dipriz LLC, officially opened 2020, with about 100 species and two pedestrian zones.
Dipropylene glycol
Dipropylene glycol, also called oxydipropanol, is a liquid glycol mixture produced as a byproduct of propylene glycol manufacture, used chiefly as a low-odor solvent for fragrances and cosmetics.
Diprosopus (διπρόσωπος)
Diprosopus (διπρόσωπος), or craniofacial duplication, is a rare congenital malformation, a subtype of conjoined twins, with partial or complete duplication of facial structures on one head; CNS anomalies in 96% of cases, incidence about 1 in 180,000 to 15 million births.
Diprotodon
Diprotodon, scientifically Diprotodon optatum, was a giant wombat-like marsupial, the largest known, weighing up to 2,700 kg and surviving in Australia until roughly 25,000 years ago.
Diprotodontia
Diprotodontia is the largest marsupial order, about 117 species in 10 families across Australia and New Guinea: koalas, wombats, kangaroos, possums. Defined by one pair of lower incisors and fused second and third hind toes.
Dipsacales
Dipsacales, also called the honeysuckle order, is an order of campanulid flowering plants with about 1,100 species in two families, Caprifoliaceae and Viburnaceae (Adoxaceae), including Lonicera, Viburnum, and Scabiosa.
Dipsacus
Dipsacus (teasels) is a genus of 21 accepted spiny Caprifoliaceae herbs native to Europe, North Africa, and temperate Asia, known for wool-napping flower heads, the Chinese medicine Dipsaci radix from D. asper, and invasive weedy species.
Dipsomania
Dipsomania (Trunksucht) is an obsolete 19th-century diagnosis of episodic, irresistible craving for alcohol with sober intervals; now classified under alcohol use disorder, not DSM-5 or ICD-11.
Dipstick test
A dipstick test is a low-cost point-of-care urine test in which a plastic strip bearing chemically treated pads changes color to detect glucose, protein, blood, ketones, nitrite, and other analytes.
DIPSY domain
The DIPSY domain is a conserved protein domain named for the amino acid sequence Asp-Ile-Pro-Ser-Tyr, found in fission yeast adhesins and acting as a functional adhesion domain.
Diptera
Diptera, the true flies (mosquitoes, hoverflies, house flies), is an insect order defined by one pair of functional wings and halteres, with about 170,000 described species in over 150 families, fossils from the Permian-Triassic, and major roles in pollination, decomposition, and disease transmission.
Diptera genera of uncertain geological placement
Diptera genera of uncertain geological placement are named fossil fly genera that cannot be confidently assigned to a specific geological period, family, or amber deposit, as flagged by the Fossil Diptera Catalog.
Diptera immunity
Diptera immunity is the innate immune system of flies, which lack adaptive immune memory and instead defend through the Toll and Imd pathways and antimicrobial peptides.
Diptera in amber
Diptera in amber are flies preserved as inclusions in fossilized tree resin, abundant in Burmese, Baltic, and Dominican amber, including extinct families and the oldest known mosquitoes.
Diptera internal physiology
Diptera internal physiology covers the internal organ systems of flies: a three-region gut with a Diptera-specific crop, an open circulatory system, tracheal breathing, and excretion by Malpighian tubules.
Diptera of Australia and New Zealand
The Diptera of Australia and New Zealand form part of the Australasian and Oceanian fly fauna east of Weber's Line, with over 9,000 described Australian species.
Diptera of Europe
The Diptera of Europe are the roughly 19,000 described species of true flies recorded from the European continent, across 132 families including midges, gnats, crane flies, and higher flies.
Diptera of North America
The Diptera of North America are the true flies, the two-winged insects, of the Nearctic region north of Mexico; Canada alone holds 9,777 known species in 118 families.
Diptera of the Neotropical realm
The Diptera of the Neotropical realm are the fly faunas of South and Central America and the Caribbean, with about 34,000 described species and likely five times more.
Diptera pests of crops and stored products
Diptera pests of crops and stored products are two-winged flies that rank among the world's worst agricultural pests, including tephritid fruit flies, agromyzid leafminers, gall midges, and frit flies.
Diptera reproduction and mating
Diptera reproduction and mating covers how flies court, copulate, and store sperm, from ancestral aerial swarms to elaborate courtship song, with consequences for pest and vector control.
Diptera taxonomy
Diptera taxonomy is the classification of the true flies, an order split into Nematocera and Brachycera, whose oldest fossils date to the Triassic 240 million years ago.
Dipterocarp Collection
Dipterocarp Collection: living ex situ collections of Dipterocarpaceae trees at FRIM (1929, 120 species), XTBG (1981, 34 species in 7 genera), Singapore's OCBC Arboretum, and Bogor, for research and conservation.
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae (dipterocarps), a pantropical family of 17 genera and roughly 500-700 resinous tree species centered in Southeast Asian lowland rain forests, with winged 2-5-winged nuts, mast fruiting, ectomycorrhizas, and 75% of species threatened.
Dipterocarpus
Dipterocarpus (keruing, gurjun) is a genus of about 65-70 large resinous Dipterocarpaceae trees native from SW India to western and central Malesia, the source of keruing construction timber and oleo-resin, with many threatened species.
Dipterologiae Italicae prodromus
Dipterologiae italicae prodromus, Camillo Rondani's Latin monograph on Italian Diptera published in Parma from 1856 (six or seven volumes, sources differ), with dichotomous keys and species descriptions still used in fly taxonomy.
Dipterus
Dipterus, Sedgwick and Murchison 1828, an extinct Devonian lungfish genus (Dipteridae, Dipnoi); type species D. valenciennesi from the Middle Devonian Orcadian Basin, Scotland, common at Achanarras Quarry.
Dipteryx
Dipteryx (cumaru, tonka bean trees; Dipteryx odorata, D. alata) is a Neotropical Fabaceae genus of 12 large canopy tree species, sources of tonka beans with coumarin, dense decking timber, and CITES Appendix II listing since 2022.
Dipteryx odorata
Dipteryx odorata, cumaru or tonka bean tree (Coumarouna odorata), a large Fabaceae tree of northern South America; seeds yield coumarin for perfume and food, timber traded as cumaru; IUCN Data Deficient, genus in CITES Appendix II.