All articles starting with E
17,681 articles
Eliteserien
Eliteserien, also known as the Norwegian Premier League or Tippeligaen, is the top men's football division in Norway, contested by 16 clubs over 30 matches since 2017.
Elitism
Elitism, or elite theory, is the political-sociological doctrine of Mosca, Pareto, and Michels that every society is ruled by an organized minority, with concepts like circulation of elites and the iron law of oligarchy.
Elitloppet
Elitloppet, the Elite Race, is Sweden's premier Group 1 harness race for trotters, run over 1,609 m at Solvalla, Stockholm, on the last Sunday in May since 1952; 16 invited horses, two heats plus final, first prize five million kronor, Allegiant's world record 1.07.1 in 2026.
Elitni Odredi
Elitni Odredi (Елитни Одреди) were a Serbian pop-rap duo from Belgrade formed in 2005 by rappers Relja Popović and Vladimir Matović, who split in 2015.
Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester
The Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester, proposed by Avshalom Elitzur and Lev Vaidman in 1993, is a quantum scheme that detects objects without a photon touching them.
Elitzur's theorem
Elitzur's theorem, proved by Shmuel Elitzur in 1975, is a result in lattice gauge theory stating that a local gauge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken, so gauge-variant observables vanish.
Eliud Kipchoge
Eliud Kipchoge (born 1984), Kenyan marathon runner, two-time Olympic champion, world records 2:01:39 (2018) and 2:01:09 (2022), first under two hours unofficially (1:59:40, Vienna 2019), ten straight marathon wins 2014-2019.
Elivagar Flumina
Elivagar Flumina is a 260 km braided, radar-bright river channel and alluvial fan system on Titan east of Menrva crater, IAU-named in 2007 after the Norse Élivágar rivers, likely shaped by flash floods of methane rain.
Elivaldogene autotemcel
Elivaldogene autotemcel (SKYSONA, eli-cel) is bluebird bio's autologous lentiviral HSC gene therapy for boys 4-17 with early, active cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy, FDA-approved 2022, carrying a boxed warning for insertional-oncogenesis-related blood cancers.
Elixir
Elixir: a clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic oral drug solution (ethanol roughly 3–40%), a traditional dosage form from Paracelsus-era pharmacy; distinct from syrups by alcohol content, now deprecated by USP in favor of "solution".
Elixir (programming language)
Elixir, also known as the Elixir language, is a dynamic, functional programming language created by José Valim in 2012, running on the Erlang virtual machine for scalable, fault-tolerant applications.
Elixir of life
Elixir of life: a potion believed in Chinese alchemy (waidan, neidan) and Western alchemy to confer immortality; notably pursued by Qin Shi Huang and compounded chiefly from toxic cinnabar (mercury sulfide), causing documented elixir poisoning.
Eliya Cohen (אלי-ה כהן) (hostage)
Eliya Cohen (אלי-ה כהן), Israeli Nova festival hostage abducted 7 October 2023, held chained in Gaza tunnels 505 days, starved and wounded, released 22 February 2025 in the ceasefire deal's first phase; husband of survivor and campaigner Ziv Abud.
Eliyahou Harari
Eliyahou (Eli) Harari is a physicist and entrepreneur who invented the first practical floating-gate EEPROM, co-founded SanDisk in 1988, and led it as chief executive until 2010.
Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron
Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron (אליהו בקשי דורון) was an Israeli rabbi who served as Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Israel, holding the title Rishon LeZion, from 1993 to 2003.
Eliyahu M. Goldratt
Eliyahu M. Goldratt was an Israeli physicist, management consultant, and author who created the Theory of Constraints and introduced it through his 1984 business novel The Goal.
ELIZA
ELIZA, also known as Eliza AI, is a natural language conversation program written by Joseph Weizenbaum at MIT and published in 1966, usually considered the first chatbot.
Eliza (English singer)
ELIZA, born Eliza Sophie Caird in 1988, is the English singer-songwriter formerly known as Eliza Doolittle, whose 2010 debut hit No 3 in the UK before she went independent with the neo-soul albums A Real Romantic, A Sky Without Stars, and The Darkening Green.
Eliza (given name)
Eliza is a feminine given name, a short form of Elizabeth introduced by Elizabethan poets and now used independently in English, Polish, Hungarian, and other languages. US rank #115 (2025), Poland rank 129 with 29,641 bearers.
Eliza Bennett
Eliza Bennett, English actress and singer born 1992 in Reading, Berkshire; began in West End's Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, starred as Meggie in Inkheart, Jules Thomas in Sweet/Vicious, Amanda Carrington in Dynasty, and Marjorie Kern in Sexy Beast.
Eliza Butterworth
Eliza Butterworth (born 1993, Lincolnshire) is an English RADA-trained actress known for Lady Aelswith in The Last Kingdom (2015–2022, 45 episodes), Hester in The North Water, Carly Lord in A Town Called Malice, and her 2021 West End debut.
Eliza Carthy
Eliza Carthy MBE, daughter of Norma Waterson and Martin Carthy, is an English folk singer, songwriter and fiddler active since the early 1990s, with Mercury nominations for Red Rice and Anglicana and albums on Topic and Hem Hem.
Eliza Coupe
Eliza Coupe (Eliza Kate Coupe), American actress and comedian born 1981 in Plymouth, New Hampshire, known for Jane Kerkovich-Williams in Happy Endings, Denise Mahoney in Scrubs, and Tiger in Future Man; recent roles include The Residence and Haunted Hotel.
Eliza Courtney
Eliza Courtney (1792–1859), illegitimate daughter of Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, and Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire; born in Aix-en-Provence, raised by the Greys in Northumberland, married General Robert Ellice in 1814.
Eliza Doolittle
Eliza Doolittle is the Cockney flower seller at the center of Shaw's 1912 play Pygmalion, transformed by phonetics professor Henry Higgins to pass as a lady, later famous through the musical My Fair Lady and its 1964 film.
Eliza Doolittle (musician)
Eliza Doolittle, real name Eliza Sophie Caird, is an English singer-songwriter with 2010 UK pop hits like "Pack Up" and the vocal on Disclosure's "You & Me".
Eliza Dushku
Eliza Dushku, born 1980 in Boston, is an American former actress known as Faith in Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel, star of Bring It On, Tru Calling, and Dollhouse, who retired from acting in 2017 and became a mental health counselor.
ELIZA effect
The ELIZA effect is the tendency to attribute human-like understanding, intention, or feeling to computer programs even when users know they follow simple rules, named for the 1966 MIT chatbot ELIZA by Joseph Weizenbaum.
Eliza Hamilton Holly
Eliza Hamilton Holly, second daughter and seventh child of Alexander Hamilton, married Sidney Augustus Holly, shared the Hamilton-Holly House with her widowed mother, and pressed brother John Church Hamilton to publish his father's biography.
Eliza Haywood
Eliza Haywood (née Fowler, c. 1693–1756) was an English novelist, playwright, actress, and periodical publisher whose debut novel Love in Excess was a 1719 bestseller.