All articles starting with E
17,681 articles
Entity
Entity (Latin entitas, from ens, being): in philosophy and ontology, an individual being, anything counted as existing, from substances and universals to abstract objects; also the node-level unit of knowledge graphs and data ontologies.
Entity component system
Entity component system (ECS): architectural pattern separating entities (IDs), components (data), and systems (logic); data-oriented alternative to OOP used in Unity DOTS, Unreal MassEntity, Bevy, and Flecs, with archetype storage for cache efficiency.
Entity Framework
Entity Framework, also known as ADO.NET Entity Framework, is an object-relational mapping family for .NET, released in 2008 and split into the frozen EF6 and cross-platform EF Core.
Entity linking
Entity linking is a natural language processing method that maps entity mentions in text to knowledge base entries, choosing the right entry when candidates match the same surface form.
Entity List
The Entity List is a U.S. government roster of foreign businesses and individuals facing export license requirements, maintained by the Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security.
Entity realism
Entity realism is a position in the philosophy of science, coined by Ian Hacking, holding that belief in unobservable entities like electrons is justified by experimental manipulation, without trusting theories.
Entity resolution
Entity resolution (record linkage, deduplication, data matching) identifies records referring to the same real-world entity across databases. Methods span deterministic rules, Fellegi-Sunter probabilistic linkage, Bayesian clustering, and transformers, with blocking for scale.
Entity–attribute–value model
The entity–attribute–value model, also known as the EAV model or open schema, is a database design pattern storing each fact as a row of entity, attribute, and value.
Entity–relationship model
The entity–relationship (ER) model is a conceptual data model for database design, introduced by Peter Chen in 1976, representing data as entities, relationships, and attributes.
Entive
Entive (亿田智能), formally Zhejiang Entive Smart Kitchen Appliance Co., Ltd., is a Chinese kitchen-appliance maker in Shengzhou, Zhejiang, known for integrated stoves, listed in Shenzhen in 2020, and later moving into computing-power services.
Entner–Doudoroff pathway
Entner–Doudoroff (ED) pathway, also called the ketogluconate pathway: a bacterial glycolytic route converting glucose to two pyruvate with one ATP, one NADH, one NADPH, discovered 1952 in Pseudomonas saccharophila.
Entolium
Entolium is an extinct genus of pectinid bivalve mollusks (family Entoliidae) erected by Meek in 1865, type species Pecten demissus, ranging from the Lower Triassic to the Maastrichtian with a cosmopolitan fossil record.
Entoloma
Entoloma (pinkgills) is a large agaric genus in Entolomataceae, defined by pink spore prints and angular basidiospores; about 1,800 species worldwide, mostly saprotrophic, with E. sinuatum as type species.
Entolomataceae
Entolomataceae (pinkgills), Kotl. & Pouzar 1972, a family of pink-spored Agaricales fungi with over 1,500 species worldwide; monophyletic, defined by epicorium-formed spore ornamentation, split into Entoloma and Rhodocybe-Clitopilus clades.
Entombed (band)
Entombed: Swedish death metal band from Stockholm formed 1989 from Nihilist; Left Hand Path (1990) and Clandestine (1991) defined the buzzsaw Sunlight sound; Wolverine Blues (1993) launched death 'n' roll; later split into Entombed A.D.
Entomologia Carniolica
Entomologia Carniolica, Scopoli's 1763 Latin catalog of Carniola's insects, 420 pages, 1,153 arthropod species, Linnaean method, published by Trattner in Vienna, foundational for Slovenian and Italian entomology.
Entomological Society of America
The Entomological Society of America is the largest professional society for entomologists. Founded in 1889, it has nearly 7,000 members worldwide and is based in Annapolis, Maryland.
Entomology
Entomology, the scientific study of insects and related arthropods, covers insect anatomy, classification, history from Aristotle to DNA barcoding, applied fields, and documented insect declines.
Entomopathogenic fungus
Entomopathogenic fungi, such as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, kill insects by penetrating the cuticle; used as mycoinsecticides, with 171 registered fungal insecticide types worldwide.
Entomopathogenic nematode
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Steinernema and Heterorhabditis, are soil nematodes symbiotic with Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria that kill insect pests within two days; about 200 commercial biocontrol products exist.
Entomophagy (ἐντομοφαγία)
Entomophagy, from the Greek for insect eating, is the consumption of insects by humans, supplementing the diets of roughly 2 billion people, predominantly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Entomophthora
Entomophthora is a genus of about 21 obligate insect-pathogenic fungi (Zoopagomycota, Entomophthorales) that kill flies and other insects and manipulate host behavior; type species E. muscae, the zombie-fly fungus described by Cohn in 1855.
Entomophthora muscae
Entomophthora muscae, the zombie fly fungus, is an obligate Entomophthorales fungal pathogen of adult flies, described by Cohn in 1855, that manipulates host behavior before death and disperses spores via conidial showers; it is a species complex including E. schizophorae and E. syrphi.
Entomophthorales
Entomophthorales, an order of Entomophthoromycota fungi (formerly Zygomycota), are mostly insect pathogens infecting via ballistic conidia and chitinases; Basidiobolus and Conidiobolus species also cause human entomophthoromycosis.
Entomopoxvirus spheroidin
Entomopoxvirus spheroidin: the ~110-115 kDa cysteine-rich major occlusion body protein of entomopoxviruses, forming spheroids that protect virions; no homology with baculovirus polyhedrin.
Entomopter
An entomopter is an insect-like flapping-wing micro air vehicle, able to fly and sometimes crawl, patented by Robert C. Michelson of the Georgia Tech Research Institute in 1997 and studied by NASA for flight on Mars.
Entoptic phenomenon
Entoptic phenomenon: visual sensations arising inside the eye itself, including floaters, blue field entoptic phenomenon (Scheerer phenomenon), Haidinger's brushes, and the Purkinje tree; used clinically to measure macular blood flow.
Entorhinal cortex
The entorhinal cortex is a medial temporal lobe region acting as the gateway between the hippocampus and neocortex, central to memory and containing grid cells for navigation.
Entospletinib
Entospletinib (GS-9973) is an oral, selective SYK inhibitor for hematologic malignancies; 61% ORR in relapsed/refractory CLL, 32.7% after BCR inhibitors; not FDA approved.
Entourage (American TV series)
Entourage is an HBO comedy-drama (2004-2011, 8 seasons) created by Doug Ellin with Mark Wahlberg and Steve Levinson, loosely based on Wahlberg's Hollywood life, starring Adrian Grenier, Jeremy Piven, and Kevin Connolly; it won 6 Emmys and a Peabody.