All articles starting with E
17,681 articles
Eosin Y organophotoredox catalysis
Eosin Y organophotoredox catalysis is the use of the organic dye eosin Y as a cheap, metal-free photocatalyst that absorbs visible light to drive organic reactions.
Eosinopenia
Eosinopenia, a decreased blood eosinophil count (normal 0–500 cells/µL), occurs in acute stress, inflammation, glucocorticoid use, and bacterial infection; studied as a cheap rule-in infection marker, less accurate than CRP.
Eosinophil
Eosinophil: a bone marrow-derived granulocyte white blood cell with eosin-staining granules, first named by Paul Ehrlich in 1879. Regulated by IL-5 and GATA-1; resides mainly in the gut; drives allergy, asthma, and helminth responses; targeted by anti-IL-5 drugs like mepolizumab.
Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia: elevated blood eosinophil count (>500/µL, 0.5×10^9/L), also called hypereosinophilia above 1.5×10^9/L. Causes include allergy, drugs, parasites, and clonal blood disorders such as FIP1L1::PDGFRA disease.
Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis
Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF), also called IgG4-related eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis, is a rare benign fibroinflammatory sinonasal lesion with onion-skin perivascular fibrosis, eosinophil-rich infiltrate, partial IgG4-related disease overlap, and frequent recurrence after resection.
Eosinophilic colitis
Eosinophilic colitis, also called eosinophilic colitis (EoC), is a rare eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease with eosinophil-rich colon inflammation of no secondary cause, peaking in neonates and young adults.
Eosinophilic cystitis
Eosinophilic cystitis (EC), a rare inflammatory bladder disease first described in 1960, features eosinophilic infiltration of the bladder wall, hematuria and frequency, diagnosis by cystoscopic biopsy, and steroid-antihistamine treatment with frequent recurrence.
Eosinophilic duodenitis
Eosinophilic duodenitis (EoD), also called eosinophilic enteritis of the duodenum, is a non-esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease with excess duodenal mucosal eosinophils; diagnosed by biopsy thresholds (about 30-50 eos/hpf) after excluding other causes.
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Eosinophilic esophagitis, also called allergic eosinophilic esophagitis, is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the esophagus and a leading cause of difficulty swallowing in children and young adults.
Eosinophilic fasciitis
Eosinophilic fasciitis, or Shulman syndrome, is a rare fibrosing disorder of the fascia first described by Shulman in 1974, causing scleroderma-like limb induration with eosinophilia in 63-93% of cases, sparing the fingers, and treated with corticosteroids.
Eosinophilic granuloma
Eosinophilic granuloma, also called eosinophilic granuloma of bone, is the most common, usually unifocal bone form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a benign tumor-like proliferation of Langerhans cells treated by observation, steroid injection, or curettage.
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a rare ANCA-associated vasculitis first reported in 1951, defined by asthma, eosinophilia, and necrotizing inflammation of small and medium blood vessels.
Eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, also called neuroangiostrongyliasis, is meningitis with eosinophils in the spinal fluid, caused by rat lungworm larvae in raw snails, slugs, or crustaceans.
Eosinophilic myelocyte
Eosinophilic myelocyte: an eosinophil precursor in bone marrow between promyelocyte and metamyelocyte, 18-20 µm, with orange-red specific granules, non-segmented nucleus, and the last mitotic stage of the lineage.
Eosinophilic myocarditis
Eosinophilic myocarditis (EM), also called Löffler endomyocarditis in its chronic form, is a rare inflammatory cardiomyopathy with eosinophilic infiltration of the heart muscle, caused by hypersensitivity, EGPA, HES, parasites, or idiopathic factors, and treated with cause-specific therapy plus corticosteroids.
Eosinophilic peritonitis
Eosinophilic peritonitis, also called peritoneal fluid eosinophilia, is a rare non-infectious, presumably allergic PD complication with eosinophil-rich cloudy dialysate, negative cultures, onset within a month of catheter insertion, treated with steroids or antihistamines.
Eostangeria
Eostangeria is an extinct cycad genus from Paleogene Europe and western North America and Miocene Bulgaria, with fernlike, Stangeria-like leaflets but Zamiaceae epidermal anatomy, transitional between Zamia and Stangeria.
Ēostre
Ēostre (Ostara) is an Anglo-Saxon goddess attested only in Bede's De temporum ratione (725), which links her to the April month Eosturmonath and the name Easter; her existence, Grimm's 1835 Ostara, and the hare connection are all disputed.
Eothen (Warhol estate)
Eothen is Andy Warhol and Paul Morrissey's Montauk, Long Island oceanfront estate, bought in 1971 for $225,000; a five-cottage former fishing camp hosting celebrities, partly preserved as the Andy Warhol Preserve, sold for $50 million in 2015.
Eothenomys
Eothenomys (Oriental or South Asian voles) is a vole genus, family Cricetidae, subfamily Arvicolinae, endemic to the Trans-Himalayan Hengduan Mountains of southwest China; rootless molars, ~17 species, late Pliocene origin.
Eötvös (lunar crater)
Eötvös is a 101.80-km-diameter impact crater on the Moon's far side at 35.61°S, 134.43°E, named for Hungarian physicist Loránd Eötvös and IAU-approved in 1970, near Roche and Bolyai.
Eötvös experiment
The Eötvös experiment is a class of physics tests, first performed by Loránd Eötvös with a torsion balance from 1888, comparing the gravitational and inertial mass of different materials.
Eötvös József Collegium
Eötvös József Collegium, the oldest specialized college of Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, was founded in 1895 by the physicist Loránd Eötvös as an elite teacher-training institute modeled on the École Normale Supérieure.
Eötvös Loránd University
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem), Hungary's oldest and largest university, founded 1635 in Nagyszombat by Cardinal Péter Pázmány, moved to Budapest, renamed 1950 after physicist Loránd Eötvös, with nine faculties and about 33,000 students.
Éowyn
Éowyn is a noblewoman of Rohan in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings who rides to war disguised as Dernhelm and slays the Witch-king.
Eoyeongcheong
The Eoyeongcheong (어영청, 御營廳) was a Joseon military camp guarding the king and capital; founded by Yi Gwi after the 1623 coup, it was abolished in 1894.
EP
EP, or Entity Paradigm, is a Pakistani rap-rock band formed in Lahore in 2000, best known for its debut album Irtiqa (2003) and runner-up finish in the first Pepsi Battle of the Bands.
EP regimen
The EP regimen, also written as PE, is a chemotherapy doublet of etoposide and cisplatin used mainly for small cell lung cancer and germ cell tumors including testicular cancer.
EPA Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program
The EPA Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program is a mandatory US system under which large emitters and fossil fuel suppliers report greenhouse gas data annually, established in 2009.
Epa masks
Epa masks are large carved wooden helmet masks worn by Yoruba masqueraders in northeastern Yorubaland, Nigeria, during the Epa festival, honoring heroes, ancestors, and town-founding social roles.