All articles starting with E
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Espantapájaros
Espantapájaros is a 1932 poetry collection by the Argentine avant-garde poet Oliverio Girondo, remembered for its giant papier-mâché scarecrow paraded through Buenos Aires as publicity.
Espejo
Espejo, fully titled Espejo, poemas antiguos, is a 1933 book of poems by the Mexican writer Salvador Novo recalling his childhood and adolescence in direct, transparent language.
Espen Andersen
Espen Andersen (born 1993, Bærum, Norway), Norwegian nordic combined athlete for Lommedalens IL; Olympic team gold 2022 and silver 2018, world team champion 2023, two World Cup wins in 2018. Distinct from the 1961-born namesake.
Espen Barth Eide
Espen Barth Eide is a Norwegian Labour Party politician who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2023, having previously held the post from 2012 to 2013.
Espen Bjørnstad
Espen Bjørnstad (Espen Dahlhaug Bjørnstad), born 1993 in Trondheim, is a Norwegian nordic combined skier of Byåsen Skiklub: 2022 Olympic team gold, world team titles 2019 and 2021, 138 World Cup starts.
Espen Bredesen
Espen Odd Bredesen (born 1968, Oslo), Norwegian ski jumper; 1993 Falun world champion, 1994 Lillehammer Olympic normal-hill gold and large-hill silver, 1994 World Cup and Four Hills winner, 209 m ski flying world record.
Esper S. Larsen, Jr.
Esper S. Larsen, Jr. (1879–1961) was an American petrologist at Harvard and the U.S. Geological Survey known for optical mineral determination and the lead-alpha method of dating rocks.
Esperança da Costa
Esperança da Costa is an Angolan politician who serves as Vice President of the Republic of Angola and coordinates the National Multisectoral Commission for the Safeguarding of World Heritage.
Espérance Sportive de Tunis (الترجي الرياضي التونسي)
Espérance Sportive de Tunis (الترجي الرياضي التونسي), EST or the Blood and Gold, is Tunisia's oldest and most decorated football club, founded 15 January 1919, with 34 league titles and four CAF Champions League trophies.
Esperantido
Esperantido ("offspring") is the term for constructed languages derived from Esperanto, beginning with Ido (1907), a reformed Esperanto; others include Occidental, Novial, and Esperantido 123, all far smaller than Esperanto itself.
Esperanto
Esperanto, the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language, created by L. L. Zamenhof and published as the Unua Libro in Warsaw on 26 July 1887; up to 2 million users, about 1,000 native speakers, 16-rule grammar, and the 1905 Fundamento as its binding normative base.
Esperanto grammar
Esperanto grammar: the sixteen-rule system published by Zamenhof in 1887, fixed in the 1905 Fundamento de Esperanto, with agglutinative morphology, SVO order, and accusative -n.
Esperanto in popular culture
Esperanto in popular culture: the 1887 auxiliary language by Zamenhof in film (The Great Dictator, Incubus, Gattaca), music, science fiction, and fan fiction, used as a neutral, vaguely European fictional language distinct from artlangs like Klingon.
Esperanto literature
Esperanto literature comprises translated and original fiction, poetry, drama, and essays in Esperanto, the language L. L. Zamenhof published in 1887. Key figures: Kálmán Kalocsay, William Auld; four historical periods; over 10,000 translations.
Esperanto movement
Esperanto movement (Esperanto-movado): the international community promoting Esperanto, the auxiliary language L. L. Zamenhof published in 1887. Marked by the 1905 Boulogne congress, the UEA (1908), SAT (1921), the Ido schism, and persecution under Hitler and Stalin.
Esperanto orthography
Esperanto orthography: 28-letter Latin alphabet (no q, w, x, y; six diacritic letters ĉ ĝ ĥ ĵ ŝ ŭ), one letter one sound, h-system and x-system ASCII substitutes, Fundamento-based.
Esperanto phonology
Esperanto phonology: the sound system of Zamenhof's constructed international language, also called Zamenhof's phonology. Written-phonemic orthography under the 1905 Fundamento's sixteen rules, Romance/Germanic-like but not identical syllable structure, penultimate stress, and small native-speaker variation.
Esperanto symbols
Esperanto symbols: the green five-pointed star (verda stelo, proposed 1892), the green-and-white Esperanto flag adopted at the 1905 Boulogne-sur-Mer congress, the 1987 jubilee symbol, and the anthem La Espero.
Esperanto vocabulary
Esperanto vocabulary: the root-and-affix lexicon of the 1887 international auxiliary language by Zamenhof; 2,768 official roots in the 1905 Fundamento, Romance-dominated sources, productive agglutinating word formation, standard dictionary PIV (1970).
Esperantujo
Esperantujo (Esperantio) is the notional land of Esperanto speakers, meaning the worldwide Esperanto community or any Esperanto-only gathering; built from Esperanto plus -ujo, the country or container suffix.
Esperanza Rising
Esperanza Rising (Esperanza Renace) is Pam Muñoz Ryan's 2000 Scholastic Press historical fiction novel about Esperanza Ortega, a wealthy Mexican girl who becomes a California migrant farm worker during the Great Depression; it won the 2002 Pura Belpré Award.
Esperanza Spalding
Esperanza Spalding (born 1984, Portland, Oregon) is an American jazz bassist, singer, and composer, first jazz artist to win the Best New Artist Grammy (2011), with four Grammys and albums from Junjo to Milton + esperanza.
Espinasse-Vozelle
Espinasse-Vozelle is a commune in the Allier department of central France, about 5 km southwest of Vichy. It was formed in 1829 by merging the communes Espinasse and Vozelle, and had 995 inhabitants in 2023.
Espinhaço Range Biosphere Reserve
The Espinhaço Range Biosphere Reserve (Reserva da Biosfera da Serra do Espinhaço) is a UNESCO biosphere reserve in Brazil, designated in 2005 and covering the Espinhaço mountain chain in Minas Gerais and Bahia.
Espionage
Espionage: the covert, typically illegal collection of secret foreign information by a state, also called spying; one HUMINT method within intelligence, countered by counterintelligence, ancient since Sun Tzu, now increasingly cyber-based.
Espionage Act of 1917
Espionage Act of 1917: US federal law enacted June 15, 1917, criminalizing espionage, obstruction of the draft, and disclosure of national defense information; codified as 18 U.S.C. §§ 793–794; basis of Schenck and modern leak prosecutions.
Espírito Santo
Espírito Santo is a Brazilian state in the Southeast region, capital Vitória, also called capixaba. Known for conilon coffee (over 75% of national output), 46,074 km² area, 3.83 million people, and HDI 0.771.
Espiritu Santo (island, Vanuatu)
Espiritu Santo (Santo), Vanuatu's largest island in the South Pacific, holds Mount Tabwemasana (1,879 m) and Luganville. Contacted by Queirós in 1606; US WWII base Base Button from 1942; kava and cattle economy.
Esplanade
An esplanade, also called a paseo marítimo, is a long, level open space for walking, typically along a waterfront or in front of a prominent building.
Esplugues de Llobregat
Esplugues de Llobregat: municipality in Baix Llobregat, Barcelona metropolitan area; 4.60 km², about 48,400 inhabitants; documented since 964; known for modernist ceramics heritage (La Rajoleta, Can Tinturé museum).