All articles starting with E
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Estimated sign
The estimated sign (℮), also called the e-mark or estimated symbol, is a mark on prepackaged goods certifying that the stated weight or volume was filled under European Union rules.
Estimates of historical world population
Estimates of historical world population reconstruct human numbers before modern censuses using tax lists, registers, archaeology, and datasets like HYDE, Gapminder, and McEvedy-Jones, anchored from 1950 onward by the UN World Population Prospects.
Estimating equation
An estimating equation sets a function of the unknown parameter and observed data equal to zero; solving it yields the estimate, unifying least squares, maximum likelihood, and method of moments.
Estimating equations
An estimating equation is an equation in an unknown parameter whose solution is the estimate; it generalizes maximum likelihood and needs only the first two moments of the data.
Estimation
Estimation is the branch of statistics that uses sample data to assign values, or ranges of values, to unknown quantities called parameters, such as a population mean.
Estimation by analogy
Estimation by analogy, also called analogy-based estimation, is a software engineering technique that predicts a project's effort or cost from the effort values of similar completed projects.
Estimation of distribution algorithm
An estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) is a population-based optimization method that learns a probabilistic model of promising solutions and samples new candidates from it.
Estimator
An estimator is a statistic, a rule that computes a number from a random sample, used to estimate an unknown population parameter; the value it produces for one sample is the estimate.
Estiva
Estiva is the performance name of Steven Baan, a Dutch producer and DJ in progressive house and trance, active since 2007 on labels like Enhanced Recordings and Colorize.
Estoc
The estoc, also called a tuck or Panzerstecher, is a long, narrow thrusting sword of the late medieval and Renaissance period, built to pierce armor.
Estoire del Saint Graal
The Estoire del Saint Graal is an anonymous Old French prose romance of the early 13th century that recounts the Holy Grail's origins and opens the Lancelot-Grail cycle.
Eston Hemings
Eston Hemings (1808–1856), later Eston Hemings Jefferson, youngest son of Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson; freed 1829, Ohio musician, Wisconsin cabinetmaker; his male-line DNA anchored the 1998 Jefferson paternity study.
Estonia
Estonia (Eesti Vabariik) is a Baltic parliamentary republic with capital Tallinn; independent since 1918, restored 1991, EU and NATO member since 2004, known for X-Road digital government, population 1.36 million.
Estonia (2023 TV series)
Estonia (2023) is an eight-part Finnish-led drama series, created by Miikko Oikkonen and directed by Måns Månsson and Juuso Syrjä, dramatizing the 1994 MS Estonia ferry sinking, the JAIC investigation, and the absence of accountability; Finland's costliest TV series at €15.3 million.
Estonia national football team
Estonia national football team (sinisärgid, Blueshirts), men's team of the Estonian FA, FIFA/UEFA member since 1923/1992; first match 1920, EURO 2012 play-offs, never at a final tournament.
Estonian Academy of Sciences
Estonian Academy of Sciences (Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia), Estonia's national academy founded 28 January 1938 by Konstantin Päts's decree; dissolved 1940, refounded as Estonian SSR academy 1946, restored as legal successor 1989; personal academy of ~76 members plus foreign members, led by President Mart Saarma since December 2024.
Estonian Constituent Assembly
The Estonian Constituent Assembly (Estonian: Asutav Kogu) was the first parliament elected by free elections in Estonia, serving from 1919 to 1920 during the War of Independence.
Estonian Constitution of 1920
The Estonian Constitution of 1920 (Eesti Vabariigi põhiseadus) was the first constitution of independent Estonia, adopted in 1920 and establishing a democratic parliamentary republic with a 100-member Riigikogu.
Estonian Declaration of Independence
The Estonian Declaration of Independence (Iseseisvusmanifest) is the founding act of the Republic of Estonia, dated 24 February 1918, which declared Estonia an independent democratic republic.
Estonian Defence Forces
The Estonian Defence Forces (Eesti Kaitsevägi) are the unified armed forces of Estonia, a reserve-based military founded on conscription and responsible for national defense and NATO collective defense.
Estonian Defence League
The Estonian Defence League (Kaitseliit) is a voluntary, armed defense organization of Estonia founded in 1918, liquidated by Soviet authorities in 1940, and restored in 1990.
Estonian famine of 1867–1868
The Estonian famine of 1867–1868 was a hunger crisis in the province of Estland and on Saaremaa, caused by failed harvests and peaking in 1869 with 14,324 deaths.
Estonian folk song
The Estonian folk song in its oldest form is the regilaul, also called runosong, an alliterative, unrhymed tradition that was nearly extinct by 1900 and later revived.
Estonian government-in-exile
The Estonian government-in-exile represented the Republic of Estonia from abroad during Soviet occupation from 1944 to 1992, ending when Heinrich Mark gave his credentials to President Lennart Meri.
Estonian kroon
The Estonian kroon (Eesti kroon) was Estonia's currency in 1928–1940 and again from 1992, operating under a currency board until Estonia adopted the euro in 2011.
Estonian Labour Party
The Estonian Labour Party (Eesti Tööerakond) was a center-left Estonian party active from 1917 to 1932 which won the first Riigikogu elections in 1920 and merged into the National Centre Party in January 1932.
Estonian language
Estonian (eesti keel), official language of Estonia, a Finnic Uralic language related to Finnish and distantly to Hungarian; first-syllable stress, three consonant and vowel lengths, no grammatical gender, standardized in the 19th century, state language under the Language Act.
Estonian Literary Society
The Estonian Literary Society (Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, EKS) is an Estonian learned society founded in 1907 that promoted literature, scholarship, and the Estonian language, was closed by Soviet occupation in 1940, and was restored in 1992.
Estonian Music Awards
The Estonian Music Awards, also known as Eesti Muusikaauhinnad and originally Kuldne Plaat, are annual Estonian music prizes awarded at a televised gala concert organized by EFÜ since 1998.
Estonian National Awakening
The Estonian National Awakening (Estonian: ärkamisaeg) was the period from the early 1860s to the mid-1880s when Estonians developed a national identity under Russian rule.