All articles starting with E
17,681 articles
Experimental music
Experimental music: music made through open-ended inquiry rather than fixed compositional intent. Two traditions claim the term: Cagean indeterminacy (Nyman 1974) and Schaeffer's 1953 laboratory-based electronic experimentalism.
Experimental physics
Experimental physics is the branch of physics that tests theories, reveals new phenomena, and provides evidence for entities like the electron through measurement and apparatus.
Experimental psychology
Experimental psychology: scientific study of behavior and mental processes via controlled experiments; founded as a discipline by Wilhelm Wundt's 1879 Leipzig laboratory; topics include sensation, perception, memory, cognition; known for internal-versus-external validity trade-offs and replication-crisis debates.
Experimental Rap (album)
EXPERIMENTAL RAP is JPEGMAFIA's sixth solo album, released May 21, 2026 on AWAL: 25 tracks in 52 minutes, written, produced, and mixed entirely by the Baltimore-born rapper, with Pitchfork scoring it 5.5.
Experimental rock
Experimental rock: a rock branch using unusual timbres, nonstandard tunings, chance procedures, and through-composed forms instead of verse-chorus song structures; rooted in the Velvet Underground, Zappa, Beefheart, and Rock In Opposition, and confined largely to underground audiences.
Experimental Storage Ring
The Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) is a heavy-ion storage and cooler ring at the GSI facility in Darmstadt, Germany, storing and cooling highly charged stable and radioactive ions.
Experimental studies of decoherence
Experimental studies of decoherence are laboratory measurements of how quantum superpositions lose coherence to their environment, first controlled in 1996 at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris.
Experimental systems and methods for archaeal rhodopsins
Experimental systems for archaeal rhodopsins center on Halobacterium salinarum and Natronomonas pharaonis, transformed by PEG-mediated spheroplast methods and studied through flash photolysis spectroscopy and in meso crystallography of bacteriorhodopsin.
Experimental theatre
Experimental theatre (experimental theater) presents innovative works and develops new stage concepts and techniques, breaking conventions of plot, realism, and passive audiences; related to but distinct from avant-garde theatre, with roots in Jarry, Meyerhold, Brecht, Beckett, and the Living Theatre.
Experimental theatre in the Arab world
Experimental theatre in the Arab world (المسرح التجريبي) is a body of theatrical practice and critical writing, active since the 1960s, that breaks with inherited dramatic form and questions the primacy of the written text.
Experimental three-phase railcar
The experimental three-phase railcars were two electric test vehicles by AEG and Siemens & Halske that set a 210.2 km/h rail speed record near Berlin in 1903.
Experimental Tokamak (Brazil)
The Experimental Tokamak (Brazil) covers Brazil's experimental tokamaks for fusion research: the spherical ETE at INPE, first plasma in 2000, TCABR at São Paulo, and NOVA-FURG.
Experimenter (film)
Experimenter is a 2015 American biographical drama written and directed by Michael Almereyda, starring Peter Sarsgaard, Winona Ryder, and Jim Gaffigan, about Stanley Milgram's 1961 Yale obedience experiments.
Experiments
Experiments (Changshiji, 尝试集) is a poetry collection by Hu Shi, published in Shanghai in 1920 and recognized as the first collection of vernacular new poetry in modern Chinese literature.
Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (Опыты по оживлению организма)
Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (Опыты по оживлению организма) is a 1940 Soviet popular-science documentary directed by David Yashin, scripted by physiologist Sergei Bryukhonenko, showing dog organs, a severed head, and a whole dog revived with his autojector artificial-circulation apparatus.
Experiments on Plant Hybridization
Experiments on Plant Hybridization (Versuche über Pflanzen-Hybriden) is an 1866 paper by Gregor Mendel reporting eight years of pea crossing experiments that established the founding laws of genetics.
Experimentum crucis
Experimentum crucis, or crucial experiment, is a decisive experiment meant to choose between two competing theories, most famously Isaac Newton's 1672 two-prism experiment showing white light mixes colored rays.
Expert
An expert is a person with mastery of a subject gained through experience and instruction. Also called expertise research subject; distinguished by domain-specific knowledge, pattern recognition, and deliberate practice, not general ability or experience alone.
Expert choice routing
Expert choice routing is a routing strategy for sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts models, proposed by Yanqi Zhou and colleagues at Google in 2022, where experts select their top-k tokens.
Expert elicitation
Expert elicitation is a structured method for synthesizing expert judgments into probability distributions when data are sparse or absent, used in health care, natural hazards, and forecasting.
Expert Field Medical Badge
Expert Field Medical Badge (EFMB), US Army special skill badge approved 18 June 1965, non-combat equivalent of the Combat Medical Badge; awarded to AMEDD personnel passing written, fitness, land navigation, TCCC, and 12-mile march tests with pass rates near 14 to 29 percent.
Expert Infantryman Badge
Expert Infantryman Badge (EIB), U.S. Army skill badge approved 7 October 1943 on George C. Marshall's initiative, awarded to infantry and Special Forces soldiers (CMF 11/18, less 18D) who pass five-day testing; about 14 percent pass.
Expert interview
An expert interview is a qualitative research method in the social sciences in which a researcher interviews a person selected for specialized knowledge, serving exploratory, data-collection, and quantitative functions.
Expert iteration
Expert iteration (ExIt) is a reinforcement learning algorithm, introduced by Anthony, Tian, and Barber at University College London in 2017, where tree search guides a neural network.
Expert parallelism
Expert parallelism is a parallelism strategy for mixture-of-experts models that places each expert's feedforward layer on a different accelerator, scaling models without extra compute per token.
Expert pruning
Expert pruning is a model-compression technique that permanently removes selected experts from a mixture-of-experts model to reduce memory and serving cost, with calibration-based methods choosing which experts to keep.
Expert system
An expert system is a computer program that emulates a human specialist's decision-making in a narrow domain by reasoning over explicitly encoded if–then rules rather than learning from data.
Expert witness
Expert witness: a court-permitted witness giving fact and opinion evidence. Key US framework is FRE 702 (Daubert gatekeeping, 2023 amendment), rooted in Folkes v. Chadd (1782) and Frye (1923).
Expertise in policy (science advice)
Expertise in policy, or science advice, brings scientific and technical knowledge into government decisions without becoming advocacy, organized around Roger Pielke Jr.'s 2007 framework of four expert roles.
Expiration date
An expiration date is a date printed on a food package with a phrase like "use by" or "best before," mostly indicating quality rather than safety.