All articles starting with E
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Economy of the Gulf Cooperation Council
The economy of the Gulf Cooperation Council is the combined economy of its six member states, a hydrocarbon-exporting bloc whose nominal GDP reached USD 2.3 trillion in 2024.
Economy of the Han dynasty
The economy of the Han dynasty was an agrarian, heavily monetized imperial economy with land and poll taxes, salt and iron monopolies, and standardized wuzhu coinage.
Economy of the Inca Empire
The economy of the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu, 1400–1532) ran on labor taxation, reciprocal obligations, and state storage of goods across roughly 770,000 square miles, without currency or markets.
Economy of the Isle of Man
The economy of the Isle of Man is a low-tax service economy of about 84,500 people, a British Crown Dependency whose largest sectors are insurance, e-gaming, and professional services.
Economy of the Maldives
The economy of the Maldives is a small island economy of 1,192 islands built on tourism and tuna fishing, with debt at 129.7 percent of GDP in 2025.
Economy of the Mali Empire
The economy of the Mali Empire rested on gold, salt, and taxing trans-Saharan trade, supplying much of the Old World's gold before declining in the 17th century.
Economy of the Middle East
The economy of the Middle East is dominated by hydrocarbon exports, sovereign wealth funds, and transit chokepoints, contrasting oil-rich Gulf monarchies with resource-poor economies like Egypt and Yemen.
Economy of the Middle East and North Africa
The economy of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) comprises about 22 national economies organized around hydrocarbons, with the six Gulf states producing over 40 percent of regional GDP.
Economy of the Ming dynasty
The economy of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) was China's agrarian economy under the house of Zhu, shifting from barter and grain taxes to compulsory silver taxation.
Economy of the Mughal Empire
The economy of the Mughal Empire was an agrarian, cash-tax economy funded by land revenue, among the world's largest around 1600, with wealth concentrated in the imperial center.
Economy of the Netherlands
The economy of the Netherlands, also called the Dutch economy, is a highly open, trade-dependent European economy with GDP of about 1.3 trillion US dollars.
Economy of the Nordic countries
The economy of the Nordic countries is the combined economy of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, with high incomes, low inequality, and extensive collective bargaining.
Economy of the Northern Mariana Islands
The economy of the Northern Mariana Islands is a small, dollar-based US insular economy in the western Pacific, with real GDP of about $1 billion in 2022, driven by tourism.
Economy of the Philippines
The economy of the Philippines is a services-led, consumption-driven economy of about US$462 billion, with remittances equal to about 8 to 9 percent of GDP.
Economy of the Qing dynasty
The economy of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) was an overwhelmingly agrarian empire with extensive long-distance commerce, a bimetallic silver-and-copper currency, and one of the world's lowest tax burdens.
Economy of the Republic of Ireland
The economy of the Republic of Ireland is a small, open economy where multinational-dominated sectors account for about half of value added, making headline GDP far exceed residents' income.
Economy of the Republic of the Congo
The economy of the Republic of the Congo is a small, oil-dominated economy of about 6.3 million people, with oil providing roughly 65 percent of GDP and 92 percent of exports.
Economy of the Republic of Venice
The economy of the Republic of Venice was a maritime trade, finance, and manufacturing system built by a lagoon city, with a mid-fourteenth-century budget of about 250,000 ducats.
Economy of the Roman Empire
The economy of the Roman Empire was a monetized, market-oriented agrarian economy, with second-century output of about 20 billion sesterces a year, declining after the Antonine plague.
Economy of the Russian Empire
The economy of the Russian Empire was a predominantly agrarian, state-steered economy that grew rapidly from the 1860s to 1914 while falling behind Western Europe in income per head.
Economy of the Safavid Empire
The economy of the Safavid Empire was an agrarian economy of about ten million people, with raw silk as its dominant export under Shah ʿAbbās I.
Economy of the San Francisco Bay Area
The economy of the San Francisco Bay Area is a roughly $1.5 trillion nine-county regional economy centered on technology, professional services, life sciences, and venture capital.
Economy of the Solomon Islands
The economy of the Solomon Islands is a small, resource-dependent Pacific Island economy, the third largest in the region, with a GDP of US$1.7 billion in 2025.
Economy of the Song dynasty
The economy of the Song dynasty (960–1279) was a highly commercialized imperial Chinese economy where paper money was invented and commerce taxes exceeded farm taxes.
Economy of the Soviet Union
The economy of the Soviet Union, also called the economy of the USSR, was a centrally planned command economy with over 90% of production state-controlled.
Economy of the Spanish Empire
The economy of the Spanish Empire rested on Castilian taxes, American silver, and public debt; the crown imported over 16,000 tons of silver from 1501 to 1600.
Economy of the State of Palestine
The economy of the State of Palestine, in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, is service-dominated, operates without its own currency, and depends on Israel for trade and revenue.
Economy of the Tang dynasty
The economy of the Tang dynasty (618–907) was an agrarian imperial economy, possibly the world's largest, taxed through farming households, a salt monopoly, and commerce.
Economy of the Turks and Caicos Islands
The economy of the Turks and Caicos Islands is a small, open economy built on upmarket tourism and offshore financial services, using the US dollar.
Economy of the United Arab Emirates
The economy of the United Arab Emirates is a diversified Gulf economy where trade, finance, and tourism generate about three quarters of output, though oil still dominates exports.