All articles starting with F
15,892 articles
Felzartamab
Felzartamab (MOR202, TJ202) is a fully human anti-CD38 IgG1 monoclonal antibody by Biogen that depletes plasma cells and NK cells; in phase 2 trials it resolved antibody-mediated kidney-transplant rejection and reduced proteinuria in membranous nephropathy and IgA nephropathy.
FEM (materials handling federation)
FEM, formally the European Materials Handling Federation (Fédération Européenne de la Manutention), is a Brussels-based trade association founded in 1953 that represents European manufacturers of materials handling, lifting, and storage equipment.
FEMA camps conspiracy theory
FEMA camps conspiracy theory: false belief that the US Federal Emergency Management Agency runs secret concentration camps for citizens under martial law; began in 1980s militia circles, repeatedly debunked, resurges around disasters and COVID-19.
FEMA P-695
FEMA P-695, Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors, is a 2009 FEMA report that sets a probabilistic methodology for quantifying seismic performance factors of building lateral systems.
Female
Female: one of two biological sex classifications, defined by egg-producing reproductive organs (ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix), typically XX chromosomes; covers menstrual cycle, fertility, menopause, and sex in research.
Female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin
FATWO, female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin, is a rare low-malignant-potential gynecologic neoplasm from mesonephric duct remnants, usually in the broad ligament, median age 50, treated by surgical resection.
Female athlete triad
Female athlete triad: syndrome in active girls and women linking low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density; coined by ACSM in 1992, redefined as a spectrum in 2007, related to but distinct from the IOC's broader RED-S term.
Female body shape
Female body shape is the distribution of bone, muscle, and fat on the female body, typically measured by waist-to-hip ratio, which is lower in premenopausal women.
Female bodybuilding
Female bodybuilding: competitive physique sport for women, born in late-1970s Ohio contests, structured around the 1980 Ms. Olympia (Rachel McLish), now split into bikini, wellness, figure, fitness, physique, and bodybuilding divisions.
Female condom
Female condom (internal condom): a sheath with two rings worn inside the vagina or anus for dual protection against pregnancy and STIs. FC1 (polyurethane, 1993) and FC2 (nitrile, 2009); 95% effective with correct use, 79% typical use.
Female Contraceptive Devices
Female contraceptive devices prevent pregnancy and include IUDs (copper, levonorgestrel), vaginal barriers (diaphragm, cervical cap, sponge, female condom), and the hormonal vaginal ring, with typical use failure rates from 0.1% to 22%.
Female dyspareunia
Female dyspareunia (ICD-11 GA12) is recurrent genital pain with intercourse or vaginal penetration from an identifiable physical cause; DSM-5 folds it into GPPPD. Prevalence 7.5% (Britain), 10-20% (US).
Female education
Female education: schooling of girls and women worldwide. Also called girls' education. Near-global enrolment parity by 2024, but 119–133 million girls out of school, women 63% of illiterate adults, and tertiary enrolment now favors women.
Female ejaculation
Female ejaculation: urethral fluid expulsion during female orgasm, distinguished since 2011 from squirting; FE is a few mL of PSA-rich milky fluid from Skene's glands, squirting a larger urine-like bladder expulsion, both distinct from coital incontinence.
Female foeticide in India
Female foeticide in India, also called gender-biased sex selection, is aborting a female fetus after ultrasound sex determination, driven by son preference; illegal under the PC&PNDT Act 1994, it produced child sex ratios as low as 914 in 2011.
Female Furies
Female Furies: DC Comics team of elite women warriors of Apokolips, created by Jack Kirby, first appearing in Mister Miracle #6 (1971); trained by Granny Goodness, serving Darkseid; members include Big Barda, Lashina, Bernadeth; subject of a 2019 six-issue miniseries by Cecil Castellucci and Adriana Melo.
Female gamete
Female gamete: the ovum or egg cell, the large non-motile haploid cell (23 chromosomes) made in the ovary by oogenesis, arrested at metaphase II until fertilization, unlike motile sperm.
Female gaze
Female gaze: feminist media-theory term for visual media depicting a female view of the world, derived from Laura Mulvey's 1975 male gaze; contested, with no single agreed definition or confirmed direct equivalent.
Female genital mutilation
Female genital mutilation, also called female genital cutting, is the removal of or harm to external female genitalia without medical justification, affecting over 230 million girls and women.
Female genital pain
Female genital pain: pain perceived in the pelvis, pelvic organs, vagina, or external genitals (ICD-11 GA34.6). Includes vulvodynia, dyspareunia, and pain from specific disorders; classified by the 2015 ISSVD, ISSWSH, and IPPS consensus.
Female germ cell
Female germ cell (Cell Ontology CL:0000021): the oogonium-to-oocyte lineage supporting female gamete production; enters meiosis before birth, rests as an oocyte in primordial follicles, and matures into an egg after the LH surge.
Female guards in Nazi concentration camps
Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, or Aufseherinnen, were civil servants contracted to the SS to oversee female prisoners. About 3,700 women served by 1945.
Female Homosexuality
Female homosexuality, also called lesbianism (MeSH: Homosexuality, Female), is sexual attraction or relationships between females. Distinguished from male homosexuality by greater measured fluidity, gender-nonspecific arousal in androphilic women, and a sparser historical record; depathologized in the 1973 DSM-II decision.
Female hysteria
Female hysteria, from Greek hystera (uterus), was a diagnosis applied to women for over two millennia, attributed to a wandering womb, treated with rest cures and surgery, reframed by Charcot and Freud, and removed from the DSM in 1980; the vibrator-treatment narrative is disputed.
Female infanticide
Female infanticide is the killing of girl infants after birth, distinct from female foeticide. Driven by son preference, it has contributed to over 142 million missing women and girls, mainly in Asia and the South Caucasus.
Female infanticide in China
Female infanticide in China: historical killing of infant girls driven by son preference, documented in Imperial China and reported in the 1980s under the one-child policy, now rare and largely replaced by sex-selective abortion and under-reporting.
Female pelvic pain
Female pelvic pain, ICD-11 GA34.2, is pelvic pain in women linked to internal genital organs or the menstrual cycle; subtypes cyclic and noncyclic; chronic form lasts over three months; causes include endometriosis and PID.
Female promiscuity
Female promiscuity: multiple-partner or casual sexual behavior by women and its social judgment. Key facts: sexual double standard (meta-analysis d=0.25), Add Health peer-status findings, Natsal-3 partner-count gap 14.14 vs 7.12, Chinese survey evidence.
Female reproductive system
Female reproductive system: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina; produces oocytes and sex hormones, runs the menstrual cycle via GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone, and supports pregnancy from menarche (~13 years) to menopause (median 51 years).
Female sex tourism
Female sex tourism, also called romance tourism, is travel by women to developing countries such as the Caribbean, Gambia, and Kenya for sex or romance with local men, distinguished by informal payment, contested labeling versus male sex tourism, and documented STI and exploitation concerns.