edgepedia

All articles starting with F

15,892 articles

Field extension

A field extension is a pair of fields L/K where K is a subfield of L, the central object of Galois theory and its measure of size, the degree.

Field goal

Field goal: 3-point scoring kick in American and Canadian football, kicked above the crossbar and between uprights. NFL crossbar 18 ft 6 in, 10 ft high; success rose from 54% (1965) to 84.5% (2015); record 68 yards, Cam Little, 2025.

Field goal (basketball)

Field goal (basketball): a scoring shot from the floor, worth 2 or 3 points by release position, distinct from free throws; measured by FG%, 3P%, and effective field goal percentage, and protected by goaltending rules.

Field handball

Field handball (outdoor handball), the original 11-a-side form of team handball codified in Germany by Max Heiser and Carl Schelenz, played at the 1936 Berlin Olympics and displaced by indoor handball after 1972.

Field hockey

Field hockey is an 11-a-side stick-and-ball team sport on a 91.40 m by 55.00 m pitch, with modern rules formed in the UK in 1876.

Field hockey at the 1948 Summer Olympics

Men's Olympic field hockey tournament, London 1948, 31 July–13 August. India won its fourth straight gold, beating Great Britain 4-0 in the final at Wembley; Netherlands took bronze over Pakistan via a 4-1 replay.

Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics

Field hockey at Rio 2016, 6–19 August at the Deodoro Olympic Hockey Centre; 12 teams per gender, four 15-minute quarters, shootouts instead of extra time. Argentina won men's gold, Great Britain women's gold, Germany two bronzes.

Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics

Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics (Tokyo 2020): men's and women's 12-team tournaments at Oi Hockey Stadium, 24 July to 6 August 2021 after COVID-19 postponement; Belgium and Netherlands won gold, India and Great Britain bronze.

Field hockey at the 2026 Asian Games – Women's tournament

Women's field hockey tournament at the 20th Asian Games Aichi-Nagoya 2026, 19 September to 4 October. India beat China 1–0 for gold, its first since 1982; Japan took bronze; Deepika led scoring with 21 goals.

Field hockey at the Summer Olympics

Field hockey at the Summer Olympics, also called Olympic hockey tournament, men's event since 1908 London and women's since Moscow 1980; 12 teams each, India leads with 8 men's golds, Netherlands dominant in women's hockey.

Field hockey in India

Field hockey in India: eight men's Olympic golds 1928–1980, 1975 World Cup, governed by Hockey India (2009), Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024 bronzes, revived Hockey India League, Odisha patronage.

Field hockey pitch

Field hockey pitch: the FIH-standard 91.40 m × 55.00 m outdoor playing surface with 75 mm white lines, 23 m lines, circles, and penalty spots; usually water-based synthetic turf since Montreal 1976.

Field identification of mushrooms

Field identification of mushrooms is the craft of identifying a mushroom from visible features like cap shape, gill attachment, stem, odor, taste, and habitat, usually with a field key.

Field ion microscopy

Field ion microscopy (FIM) images individual atoms on a needle-shaped specimen tip by ionizing an imaging gas, invented by Erwin W. Müller at Pennsylvania State University in 1951.

Field ionization

Field ionization is the removal of an electron from an atom or molecule by a strong electric field, requiring about 10⁷ to 10⁸ V/cm and underpinning field-ionization mass spectrometry.

Field lacrosse

Field lacrosse is the outdoor full-field form of lacrosse: men's is full-contact 10-a-side on a 110 x 60 yard field (Beers rules, 1867); women's is 12-a-side on 120 x 70 yards, with its own 1890s rules.

Field marshal

Field marshal is the highest army rank in many countries, NATO code OF-10, above general. Equivalents include Admiral of the Fleet and General of the Army; first conferred in Britain in 1736, now largely honorary.

Field marshal (India)

Field marshal (India): the highest five-star ceremonial rank of the Indian Army, held only by Sam Manekshaw (January 1973) and K.M. Cariappa (1986), a lifetime appointment with a General's full pay for life.

Field marshal (United Kingdom)

Field marshal (United Kingdom): the British Army's highest rank since 1736, created by George II, NATO OF-10, 138 appointees to 1997, now honorary after the last active promotion in 1994.

Field Museum of Natural History

Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago natural history museum on the Museum Campus. Founded 1894 from 1893 World's Columbian Exposition collections; ~40 million specimens; home of SUE the T. rex; 1 million annual visitors.

Field notebook

A field notebook is a bound, portable record book in which a scientist, most often a field geologist, records observations, measurements, sketches, and interpretations at outcrops, serving as geology's primary scientific record.

Field of Dreams

Field of Dreams (1989): Phil Alden Robinson fantasy-drama adapted from W. P. Kinsella's Shoeless Joe, starring Kevin Costner, Best Picture nominee, filmed in Dyersville, Iowa, later home of MLB at Field of Dreams games.

Field of Dreams (Dubuque County, Iowa)

Field of Dreams Movie Site, Dyersville, Dubuque County, Iowa: the real 1989 film diamond and farmhouse, now a Dyersville Events nonprofit attraction hosting youth tournaments and MLB games in 2021, 2022, and 2026.

Field of fractions

The field of fractions of an integral domain is the smallest field containing it, built as the rationals are built from the integers; also called the quotient field.

Field of sets

A field of sets, also called an algebra of sets, is a collection of subsets of a set closed under finite union, intersection, and complementation.

Field of the Cloth of Gold

The Field of the Cloth of Gold (le camp de drap d'or) was an 18-day summit and tournament between Henry VIII and Francis I, 7-24 June 1520, near Calais, staged by Wolsey to inaugurate the 1518 Universal Peace; no treaty resulted and war resumed within two years.

Field of view

Field of view (FOV), sometimes called angle of acceptance, is the extent of the scene an optical system records, in cameras, microscopes, telescopes, and the human eye.

Field ration

A field ration, also called a combat ration or ration pack, is a pre-packaged, shelf-stable food supply issued to military personnel in the field, today including the Meal, Ready-to-Eat.

Field research

Field research, also called field work, is research conducted in natural, real-world settings rather than in laboratories, spanning ethnographic participant observation, field experiments, and scientific field campaigns.

Field sobriety test

A field sobriety test is a series of physical and mental tasks police administer at the roadside to drivers suspected of driving under the influence, to build probable cause for arrest.