All articles starting with F
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Filamentation
Filamentation is a nonlinear propagation regime in which an ultrashort, high-power laser pulse self-focuses in a transparent medium and travels as a self-guided plasma channel meters long.
Filamentous and rod-shaped archaeal viruses
Filamentous and rod-shaped archaeal viruses (Adnaviria, Tokiviricetes) are helical dsDNA viruses of hyperthermophilic archaea in families Rudiviridae, Lipothrixviridae, Tristromaviridae and Clavaviridae, with A-form DNA genomes of 17.6–41.5 kb.
Filaments in between nuclei protein-1
Fin1 (Filaments in between nuclei protein 1, FIN1/YDR130C) is a budding yeast coiled-coil protein forming cell cycle-specific 10 nm filaments between spindle pole bodies, a PP1/Glc7 regulatory subunit at spindles and kinetochores, distinct from fission yeast fin1 kinase.
Filaret
Filaret (Филарет), born Fyodor Nikitich Romanov, was Patriarch of Moscow from 1619 and de facto co-ruler of Russia with his son Tsar Michael until 1633.
Filaret's co-rule (dual great-sovereignty), 1619–1633
Filaret's co-rule (Совместное правление Филарета и Михаила) was the 1619–1633 period when Patriarch Filaret, father of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, governed Russia as the second "great sovereign."
Filaret's dual government
Filaret's dual government (Двоевластие патриарха Филарета) was the 1619 to 1633 co-rule of Russia by Patriarch Filaret and his son, Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, both titled "great sovereign".
Filarial lymphedema and elephantiasis
Filarial lymphedema is swelling of limbs, breasts, or genitals caused by filarial worms, beginning as reversible pitting edema and progressing over years to irreversible elephantiasis.
Filariasis
Filariasis: parasitic nematode infections transmitted by mosquitoes and flies, chiefly lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) from Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori; distinct from onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis.
Filariasis due to Brugia malayi
Filariasis due to Brugia malayi, also called brugian filariasis, is lymphatic filariasis caused by the mosquito-borne nematode Brugia malayi, found mainly in India and Southeast Asia.
Filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti
Bancroftian filariasis, lymphatic filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti, a mosquito-borne nematode causing 90% of LF cases; lymphoedema, hydrocele, and a global MDA elimination program.
Filbert Bayi
Filbert Bayi (Filbert Bayi Sanka), Tanzanian middle-distance runner born 1953 in Karutu, Arusha; set 1500m world record 3:32.2 at 1974 Christchurch Commonwealth Games and mile record 3:51.0 in 1975, won 1980 Olympic steeplechase silver.
Filchner Ice Shelf
The Filchner Ice Shelf is the eastern part of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica's largest floating glacier, at the head of the Weddell Sea, discovered in 1912 by German explorer Wilhelm Filchner.
Fildes Strait
Fildes Strait: narrow Antarctic strait between Fildes Peninsula, King George Island and Nelson Island, South Shetland Islands; about 370-800 m wide, named for sealing captain Robert Fildes, known to sealers since about 1822.
File (tool)
A file is a hand tool of hardened steel with small cutting edges raised on its surfaces, used for smoothing or forming metal, deburring edges, and making parts fit.
File Allocation Table
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a Microsoft file system family, created in 1977, that locates files by following a chain of table entries on disk.
File descriptor
A file descriptor, also known as a file handle, is a small nonnegative integer indexing a process's open files, used by system calls like read and write.
File Explorer
File Explorer, also known as Windows File Explorer, is the file manager of Microsoft Windows. Its explorer.exe process also draws the desktop and taskbar, and the renamed File Explorer name dates to Windows 8.
File format
A file format is a set of conventions defining how information is encoded in a digital file so software can process it, identified by extensions and magic numbers.
File manager
A file manager, also called a file browser, is a program that displays files and folders and can copy, move, rename, delete, search, and open them.
Filé powder
Filé powder, also called gumbo filé or kombo, is ground dried sassafras leaves used in Louisiana Cajun and Creole cooking to thicken and flavor gumbo; added off heat, Choctaw in origin, exempt from the 1960 safrole ban.
File server
A file server is a computer or storage service that stores files centrally and shares them over a network, most commonly using the SMB or NFS protocols.
File sharing
File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital files, ranging from direct computer transfers to large-scale media distribution over the Internet, which began at scale with Napster in 1999.
File system
A file system is the layer of an operating system that organizes storage into named files and directories, tracks data location, and records metadata such as permissions.
File System Access API
The File System Access API is a web platform API that lets a web application read and write files and folders the user picks directly on disk.
File Transfer Protocol
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol for transferring files between a client and a server, defined in its current form by RFC 959 in 1985.
File URI scheme
The file URI scheme, also called File URI, is a URI scheme, written file:, that identifies a file stored in a file system on a host.
Fileless malware
Fileless malware is malicious code that operates without placing malicious code on the file system, running in memory or abusing trusted tools like PowerShell and WMI to evade signature-based detection.
FileMaker
FileMaker, now sold as Claris FileMaker Pro, is a relational database and low-code platform owned by Apple subsidiary Claris for building custom business applications on Mac, Windows, iOS, and the web.
Filename
A filename is the string identifying a computer file in a file system, conventionally a base name plus an optional extension, as in report.pdf; the extension hints at the file type but does not prove it.
Filename extension
A filename extension, or file extension, is a suffix separated by a period at the end of a computer file's name that indicates the file's type or format.