All articles starting with F
15,892 articles
Free-ranging dog
A free-ranging dog is a domestic dog living around human settlements without effective human restraint, owned or not, and may be the most numerous kind of domestic dog.
Free-Rea study
FREE-REA study, a French prospective multicenter observational trial (NCT02450669) of 1514 extubations in 26 ICUs, 2013-2015; found 10.4% extubation failure, split into airway versus non-airway failure with distinct risk factors.
Free-rider problem
The free-rider problem, also called the freeloader problem, is when people enjoy a good without paying, so public goods are underproduced and taxation is the standard remedy.
Free-space optical communication
Free-space optical communication, also called laser communications or lasercom, transmits data wirelessly by modulating a laser beam through air or vacuum, offering far higher bandwidth than radio.
Free-space path loss
Free-space path loss, or free space loss, is the signal strength loss of a radio wave traveling a direct line-of-sight path through free space, with no obstacles or reflections.
Free-space quantum key distribution
Free-space quantum key distribution, or free-space QKD, sends quantum encryption keys through open-air optical channels such as ground line-of-sight paths and satellite-to-ground links instead of optical fiber.
Free-to-air
Free-to-air (FTA) is a broadcasting term for television or radio services delivered without a subscription fee, funded by advertising or license fees; encrypted signals with free decryption keys also count.
Free-to-play
Free-to-play (F2P): games free to download, monetized via microtransactions, battle passes, and ads rather than upfront cost; dominant in mobile, spread to Steam and console; criticized for loot boxes and gambling-like mechanics.
Free-trade zone
A free-trade zone is a designated area of a country, usually near a seaport, airport, or border, where goods may be imported, stored, manufactured, and re-exported without import duties.
FREE1
FREE1 (FYVE1, Q9ASS2) is a plant-specific Arabidopsis ESCRT protein, 601 amino acids, that binds PI3P and ubiquitin, joins ESCRT-I via VPS23, and is essential for MVB sorting, autophagy, ABA signaling, and seedling viability.
Freebandz
Freebandz (Free Bandz, Freeband Gang) is the Atlanta record label and collective founded in 2011 by rapper Future (Nayvadius Wilburn), distinct from unrelated artists using the same name; known for Epic Records joint ventures, Doe Boy, Zoey Dollaz, and its clothing line.
Freebase (knowledge base)
Freebase was a large, collaboratively created graph database of general human knowledge developed by Metaweb, which Google acquired in 2010 and shut down in 2016.
Freeboard (hydrology)
Freeboard in hydrology is the vertical distance between the design water surface and the top of a dam, levee, or channel, kept as a margin against uncertainty.
FreeBSD
FreeBSD is a free and open-source Unix-like operating system descended from the BSD releases of the University of California, Berkeley, first released in 1993 and developed as a unified base system.
FreeCAD
FreeCAD is a free and open-source parametric 3D computer-aided design modeler for Windows, macOS, and Linux, started in 2002 and reaching version 1.0 in 2024.
FreeCell
FreeCell solitaire: open-information card game with 52 face-up cards, 8 tableau columns, 4 free cells, 4 foundations; invented by Paul Alfille 1978 on PLATO, popularized by Windows 95's 32,000 numbered deals, deal 11982 unsolvable.
Freeciv
Freeciv is a free, open source turn-based empire-building strategy game, begun in 1996 as a multiplayer Civilization II clone. Client/server architecture, GPL-2.0, multiple rulesets, Longturn one-turn-per-day play, browser Freeciv-web client, current stable 3.2.6.
Freed from Desire
Freed from Desire is a 1996 Eurodance hit by Italian singer Gala (Gala Rizzatto), number one in France and Belgium, later famous as the "Will Grigg's on fire" football chant, protest anthem, and subject of a royalties dispute.
Freediving
Freediving (breath-hold, apnea diving): diving on one breath without apparatus, for recreation, spearfishing, or AIDA/CMAS competition. Key facts: diving response bradycardia, up to 22-fold lung compression, shallow-water blackout risk, eight competitive disciplines.
Freedman
Freedman (libertus, plural liberti; class term libertini): a Roman slave freed through manumission who became free and, in regular forms, a citizen, with limited rights and lasting patronal obligations (operae, obsequium), often through negotiated self-purchase.
Freedmen's Bureau
Freedmen's Bureau (Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands), a War Department agency created March 3, 1865 under Commissioner Oliver O. Howard to aid freedpeople through relief, labor contracts, schools, and land supervision; discontinued June 1872.
Freedom
Freedom, in political and social philosophy: negative liberty (absence of interference), positive liberty (self-realization), republican non-domination, autonomy vs optionality, Berlin 1958, and freedom-equality debates.
Freedom (2025 film)
Freedom (ஃப்ரீடம்) is a 2025 Tamil-language Indian historical drama by Sathyasiva starring M. Sasikumar and Lijomol Jose, based on the 1995 Vellore Fort jailbreak of 43 wrongly imprisoned Sri Lankan Tamil refugees; its July 2025 release was repeatedly postponed.
Freedom 250
Freedom 250 is a White House-backed public-private partnership housed in the National Park Foundation organizing U.S. semiquincentennial events, distinct from the congressionally chartered America250 commission, with marquee 2026 events and donor-access controversies.
Freedom 250 Grand Prix
The Freedom 250 Grand Prix was the inaugural NTT IndyCar Series street race held around the National Mall in Washington, D.C., in 2026, won by Kyle Kirkwood.
Freedom 251
The Freedom 251 was an Android smartphone announced in 2016 by Ringing Bells, a Noida company, at Rs 251, which would have made it the cheapest smartphone ever sold.
Freedom and Direct Democracy
Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD, Svoboda a přímá demokracie) is a Czech populist radical-right party founded in 2015 by Tomio Okamura, hard Eurosceptic and anti-immigration, in parliament since 2017 and a governing coalition partner of ANO since 2026.
Freedom and Independence
Freedom and Independence (Zrzeszenie „Wolność i Niezawisłość”, WiN) was the largest Polish anticommunist underground organization of the postwar years, founded by former Home Army officers on 2 September 1945.
Freedom and People's Rights Movement
The Freedom and People's Rights Movement (自由民権運動, jiyū minken undō) was a Japanese political movement, begun in 1874 by Itagaki Taisuke, demanding an elected assembly and a constitution.
Freedom at Midnight (TV series)
Freedom at Midnight is a SonyLIV Hindi historical drama series created and directed by Nikkhil Advani, adapted from Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre's 1975 book; Season 1 (7 episodes) released 15 November 2024, Season 2 on 9 January 2026, dramatizing India's independence and Partition.