All articles starting with F
15,892 articles
Fats Domino
Fats Domino (Antoine Dominique Domino Jr., 1928-2017), New Orleans R&B pianist and singer; "The Fat Man" (1949) was the first million-selling rock and roll record; inaugural Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee, 1986.
Fats Waller
Fats Waller (Thomas Wright Waller, 1904–1943) was a Harlem stride pianist, organist, and composer of "Ain't Misbehavin'" and "Honeysuckle Rose"; he made nearly 500 records, led Fats Waller and His Rhythm from 1934, and recorded pioneering Victor pipe organ sessions, 1926–1928.
Fatsia japonica (ヤツデ)
Fatsia japonica (ヤツデ, yatsude), Japanese aralia or glossy-leaved paper plant, an evergreen Araliaceae shrub from Korea and Japan with 9-lobed glossy leaves, October-November white flowers, black fruit, and the Hedera hybrid ×Fatshedera.
Fattah-2
Fattah-2, also written Fattah II, is an Iranian ballistic missile announced by the IRGC on 19 November 2023, with a claimed range of 1,500 km and liquid-fueled maneuvering warhead.
Fatty acid activation and acyl-CoA synthetases
Fatty acid activation and acyl-CoA synthetases are enzymes that attach fatty acids to CoA. Mammalian genomes encode a large family of these enzymes, sorted by chain length.
Fatty acid desaturase
Fatty acid desaturases (FAD, FADS1/2, SCD, FAD2) are enzymes that insert double bonds into fatty acyl chains using a di-iron active site, producing unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids for membranes, health, and engineered seed oils.
Fatty acid elongation
Fatty acid elongation is the extension of fatty acyl-CoA chains by two carbons per cycle, carried out mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum to produce very long-chain fatty acids.
Fatty acid ethyl ester
A fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) is an ester of a long-chain fatty acid and ethanol, produced mainly by transesterifying vegetable oils or animal fats with ethanol.
Fatty acid eutectic phase-change material
A fatty acid eutectic phase-change material is a minimum-melting blend of two or more fatty acids, used for latent heat storage in buildings, solar stills, and waste heat recovery.
Fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration
Fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN, SPG35) is a very rare autosomal recessive NBIA disorder caused by FA2H mutations, with childhood-onset dystonia, spastic paraplegia, ataxia, optic atrophy, and globus pallidus iron.
Fatty acid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism is the set of biochemical pathways by which organisms break down fatty acids for energy (β-oxidation) and synthesize them for storage and membrane building.
Fatty acid methyl ester
A fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is an ester formed from vegetable oils, animal fats, or waste cooking oils with methanol; mixtures of FAME constitute biodiesel, the most widely produced oleochemical biofuel.
Fatty acid synthase
Fatty acid synthase (FASN, EC 2.3.1.85), the homodimeric cytoplasmic enzyme of de novo lipogenesis that condenses acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA with NADPH to make palmitate; type I versus type II forms, regulation, and inhibitors.
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthesis (lipogenesis): cytosolic de novo pathway building palmitate from acetyl-CoA via malonyl-CoA, acetyl-CoA carboxylase as rate-limiting enzyme, NADPH-dependent fatty acid synthase; distinct from beta-oxidation and the source of essential-fatty-acid biology.
Fatty acid synthesis PlsX protein
PlsX (phosphate acyltransferase) is the bacterial enzyme converting acyl-ACP to acyl-phosphate, first step of the PlsX/PlsY/PlsC pathway to phosphatidic acid; essential in Bacillus subtilis and the coupling point of fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis.
Fatty acid-binding protein
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are small intracellular proteins that bind fatty acids, with ten mammalian members, FABP1 through FABP9 plus FABP12, each tied to a characteristic tissue.
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal
FABP2, also known as intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), is a human protein-coding gene on chromosome 4q26 whose protein carries long-chain fatty acids in small-intestinal enterocytes.
Fatty acids
Fatty acids: long-chain carboxylic acids serving as energy substrates, membrane components, and signaling precursors. Classes SFA, MUFA, PUFA; essential omega-3 and omega-6; beta-oxidation; dietary health effects.
Fatty acids: potassium salt tall oil fatty acid
Fatty acids, tall-oil, potassium salts (potassium tallate, CAS 61790-44-1) is a UVCB potassium soap of tall oil fatty acids from kraft pulping, used as surfactant, emulsifier, and cleaning agent; low hazard, FDA food-contact listed, EU pesticide not approved.
Fatty acids/isobutyric acid
Fatty acids/isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid, C4H8O2, CAS 79-31-2) is a short-chain branched fatty acid used as a grain and hay preservative; not EU-approved under Regulation 1107/2009 but JECFA-cleared as a flavouring.
Fatty acyl-AMP ligase /fatty acyl-CoA ligase
Fatty acyl-AMP ligases (FAALs), homologs of fatty acyl-CoA ligases (FACLs), are ANL-family enzymes that activate fatty acids as acyl-AMP and transfer them to ACP rather than CoA, discovered in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 deficiency
Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 deficiency (FAR1 deficiency, PFCRD, RCDP type 4) is a rare autosomal recessive peroxisomal plasmalogen-biosynthesis disorder (FAR1, 11p15.3, OMIM 616154) causing severe intellectual disability, congenital cataracts, early-onset epilepsy, microcephaly, and spastic quadriparesis without rhizomelia.
Fatty alcohol
A fatty alcohol is a long-chain aliphatic alcohol with a terminal hydroxyl group and 8 to over 38 carbons, used to make detergents, surfactants, and cosmetics.
Fatty alcohols/aliphatic alcohols
Fatty alcohols, also called long-chain or aliphatic alcohols, are linear C6-C22 primary alcohols made from fats and oils or petrochemicals via Ziegler, Oxo, and hydrogenation, used in surfactants, cosmetics, and detergents.
Fatty aldehyde
A fatty aldehyde is an aldehyde formed from a fatty acid, with the carbonyl group at one end of the carbon chain, occurring in lipid metabolism and fragrances.
Fatty liver disease
Fatty liver disease, now called MASLD (formerly NAFLD), is excess liver fat not caused by alcohol, ranging from simple steatosis to MASH with fibrosis; treated with weight loss, resmetirom, and semaglutide.
Fatty-acid-binding protein 1
Fatty-acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1, L-FABP), liver-type cytosolic lipid-binding protein of the FABP family; binds two fatty acids plus endocannabinoids, shuttles ligands to PPARα, and serves as a tubular-injury biomarker.
Fatua Corona
Fatua Corona is a 400 km diameter corona, a quasi-circular volcano-tectonic feature, on Venus at 16.3°S, 17.7°E, IAU-approved in 1994 and named for the Roman goddess of fertility.
Fatum
Fatum is an American trance group formed in 2015 on the label Anjunabeats, originally a quartet and known for vocal trance tracks like "Chocolate" and "All In".
Fatuma Roba
Fatuma Roba (born 1973, Arsi, Ethiopia) is an Ethiopian marathon runner, first African woman to win Olympic marathon gold (Atlanta 1996, 2:26:05) and three-time consecutive Boston Marathon champion 1997–1999.