All articles starting with G
18,970 articles
Glibenclamide
Glibenclamide (glyburide), a second-generation sulfonylurea introduced in 1969, lowers glucose by closing beta-cell KATP channels; used in type 2 diabetes, MODY, and high-dose neonatal diabetes, with notable hypoglycemia risk and placental transfer.
Glibornuride
Glibornuride (Glutril, Ro 6-4563) is a second-generation sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug, ATC A10BB04, formula C18H26N2O4S, MW 366.5, introduced 1969; it blocks SUR1 K(ATP) channels on pancreatic beta cells to stimulate insulin secretion.
Glicko rating system
Glicko rating system, created by Mark Glickman in 1995, is a public-domain Bayesian alternative to Elo for head-to-head games, adding ratings deviation (RD) for uncertainty; Glicko-2 adds volatility and is used by Lichess, Chess.com, FICS, and ICC.
Gliclazide
Gliclazide (Diamicron, Diamicron MR) is an oral sulfonylurea for type 2 diabetes that stimulates pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion. WHO essential medicine since 2013; lower hypoglycemia risk than other sulfonylureas; no dedicated cardiovascular outcome trial.
Glico Morinaga case
Glico Morinaga case (グリコ・森永事件): unsolved 1984–85 Japanese corporate extortion series by the 'Monster with 21 Faces', including the Glico president kidnapping, cyanide-laced candy on shelves, and NPA wide-area case No. 114, time-barred in 2000.
GLIDE
GLIDE is a text-conditional diffusion model for generating and editing photorealistic images, released by OpenAI in December 2021, which outperformed DALL-E in human evaluations despite being smaller.
Glide Phase Interceptor
The Glide Phase Interceptor is a missile under development by the US Missile Defense Agency with Japan to shoot down hypersonic weapons in their glide phase of flight.
Glide reflection
A glide reflection is an isometry of the plane that combines a reflection across a line with a translation along that line, one of the four plane isometries.
Glidepath (company)
Glidepath was a New Zealand company founded in 1972 in Auckland that made airport baggage handling, cargo, and parcel sortation systems, acquired by B2A Technology in 2019.
Glider (aircraft)
A glider, or glider plane, is an aircraft that flies without an engine, trading altitude for speed and using rising air such as thermals to stay aloft.
Glider (sailplane)
A glider, or sailplane, is a fixed-wing aircraft designed to fly without an engine, using natural lift such as thermals, ridge lift, and mountain waves; the best glide 50 feet for every foot of height lost.
Glider aerobatics
Glider aerobatics is the discipline of flying deliberate aerobatic maneuvers in unpowered sailplanes, a sport whose first world championship was held in Austria in 1985, won by Poland's Jerzy Makula.
Glider and soaring records
Glider and soaring records are certified unpowered-flight performances in distance, speed, or altitude, recognized by the FAI's Gliding Commission; the free-distance record stands at 3,009 km, set by Klaus Ohlmann in 2003.
Glider competition classes
Glider competition classes are the FAI-defined categories into which sailplanes are grouped for badges, records, and championships, including Standard, Club, 15 and 18 meter, and Open classes.
Glider infantry
Glider infantry, also known as airlanding infantry, were soldiers trained to enter combat by riding engineless cargo gliders towed behind transport aircraft, a role born in World War II.
Glider launching methods
Glider launching methods are aerotow behind a towplane, winch launching with a cable, and bungee launching; winches are cheaper but give less height than aerotows.
Glider pilot license
A glider pilot license authorizes a person to act as pilot in command of a glider or sailplane, issued as an FAA rating or a European Sailplane Pilot Licence.
Gliding
Gliding, also called soaring, is the recreational and competitive air sport of flying engineless gliders that stay airborne using rising air such as thermals, ridge lift, and mountain waves.
Gliding Over All
"Gliding Over All" (also spelled "Gliding O'er All", from Walt Whitman) is Breaking Bad season 5 episode 8, the 54th episode and mid-season finale: written by Moira Walley-Beckett, directed by Michelle MacLaren, aired September 2, 2012; features the ten-man prison killings montage and ends with Hank realizing Walt is Heisenberg.
Glienicke Bridge
The Glienicke Bridge (Glienicker Brücke) is a steel bridge over the Havel between Berlin and Potsdam, known as the "Bridge of Spies" for three Cold War agent exchanges.
Gliese 1005
Gliese 1005 (GJ 1005, L 722-22, LHS 1047) is a binary pair of red dwarf M stars in Cetus about 5 parsecs away, with component masses 0.179 and 0.112 solar masses and a 4.55-year orbit; distinct from Kepler-1005, an unrelated exoplanet host.
Gliese 1116
Gliese 1116 (GJ 1116, EI Cancri, G 9-38) is a binary pair of M7V red dwarfs about 17 light years away in Cancer, with high proper motion, and the first ultracool dwarf detected at 340 MHz radio.
Gliese 1128
Gliese 1128 (GJ 1128, L 100-115, LHS 271) is an M4.0V red dwarf about 6.5 pc (21 light-years) away, 97th of the 100 nearest star systems, with radius 0.190 solar radii and no detected giant planets.
Gliese 1156
Gliese 1156 (GJ 1156, GL Virginis) is a single M4.5Ve red dwarf flare star in Virgo about 21 light-years away, with 0.12 solar masses, V magnitude 13.9, and no known planets.
Gliese 12
Gliese 12 (GJ 12) is a nearby, metal-poor red dwarf star in the constellation Pisces, about 40 light-years from the Solar System, and hosts the temperate Earth-sized planet Gliese 12 b.
Gliese 1214
Gliese 1214 is a nearby red dwarf star in Ophiuchus, about 40 light-years from Earth, orbited by the transiting super-Earth GJ 1214 b, discovered in 2009.
Gliese 205
Gliese 205 (Gl 205, GJ 205) is a single M1.5 red dwarf 18.6 light-years away, metal-rich, about 3.7-5.2 Gyr old, rotating in ~33 days, with no detected planets; its activity mimics radial-velocity planet signals.
Gliese 229
Gliese 229, also known as Proxima Leporis, is a red dwarf star about 19 light-years away in Lepus, known for its brown dwarf companion Gliese 229 B.
Gliese 229B
Gliese 229B is a brown dwarf companion to the nearby red dwarf Gliese 229, discovered in 1995 as the first confirmed brown dwarf and first methane-rich T dwarf.
Gliese 380
Gliese 380 (GJ 380), also known as Groombridge 1618 and HD 88230, is an orange dwarf star in Ursa Major about 15.9 light-years away, among the nearest stars to the Sun.