All articles starting with G
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Galliaco
Galliaco, the Gallo-Roman villa of Gaillac (Tarn, France), a first-century CE estate named from the family Gallius, attested in 650 under Saint Didier of Cahors, later replaced by Saint-Michel Abbey.
Galliano (liqueur)
Galliano, also known as Liquore Galliano, is a sweet yellow Italian herbal liqueur with vanilla and anise flavors, created in 1896 by Arturo Vaccari of Livorno.
Galliano Rossini
Galliano Rossini (1927-1987), Italian trap shooter, Olympic gold at Melbourne 1956 with record 195 and silver at Rome 1960; five-time Olympian and nine-time World Championship medallist.
Galliard
Galliard: lively 16th-century European Renaissance dance and music in triple meter, French gaillarde, Italian gagliarda; five jumped steps in six beats, usually the after-dance to the stately pavane, with five-step variations described in Arbeau's Orchésographie.
Gallic acid
Gallic acid, or 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, is a naturally occurring phenolic plant acid known as the building block of hydrolyzable tannins and a component of iron gall ink.
Gallic Empire
The Gallic Empire (260–274) was a breakaway Roman state under Postumus, Laelianus, Marius, Victorinus, and Tetricus, covering Gaul, Britain, Hispania, and part of Germania until Aurelian's reconquest.
Gallic rooster
Gallic rooster (coq gaulois), France's unofficial national emblem from the Latin pun gallus = rooster/Gaul; on Gallic coins, revived in the Renaissance, Revolution, Third Republic, and French sport.
Gallic Wars
The Gallic Wars (58–51 BCE, final operations to 50 BCE) were Julius Caesar's proconsular campaigns that brought large parts of Gaul under Roman rule, recorded in his Commentarii de Bello Gallico; decisive events include Gergovie, the siege of Alesia, and Vercingetorix's revolt of 52 BCE.
Gallienus
Gallienus (Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus), Roman emperor 253–268, son of Valerian; reformed the army with mobile cavalry and equestrian officers, founded mints, ended Christian persecution, killed at Milan in 268.
Galliformes
Galliformes (landfowl, gallinaceous or game birds): an order of heavy-bodied, largely terrestrial birds including pheasants, turkeys, grouse, quail, and chickens; about 250-290 species in five families, sister to Anseriformes within Galloanserae, with Cretaceous origins.
Gallimimus
Gallimimus bullatus, the chicken mimic, is a large ornithomimid (ostrich) dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia, named in 1972; about 6 m long, omnivorous, running 47-55 km/h, likely feathered.
Gallinazo
Gallinazo is a four-player block-style domino game played in San Lorenzo, Puerto Rico and Guadalajara, Mexico, with a double six set; points are penalties, blocked games can quadruple a player's score, and seven deals decide the loser, who buys beer.
Galling
Galling is a severe form of adhesive wear in which plastic deformation and fracture roughen sliding surfaces and transfer material, commonly seizing stainless steel fasteners and valve seats.
Gallinula
Gallinula (moorhens), Brisson 1760, a genus of Rallidae rails in Gruiformes; includes Eurasian Moorhen G. chloropus and Common Gallinule G. galeata; traditionally polyphyletic, revised by Sangster et al.
Gallipoli
Gallipoli names a Turkish peninsula and town (Gelibolu) on the European shore of the Dardanelles, the ancient Thracian Chersonese and 1915 battlefield, and a separate tourist town on the Ionian coast of Salento, Apulia, Italy.
Gallipoli (1981 film)
Gallipoli (1981) is Peter Weir's Australian war drama starring Mel Gibson and Mark Lee as two runners who enlist in WWI and die at the Nek; it won eight AFI Awards and sparked debate over its portrayal of British command.
Gallipoli (miniseries)
Gallipoli (2015) is an Australian Nine Network miniseries, based on Les Carlyon's book, following four young Australian soldiers during the 1915 Gallipoli campaign. Not to be confused with Deadline Gallipoli (2015) or Weir's 1981 film.
Gallipoli (video game)
Gallipoli is BlackMill Games' 2026 fourth WW1 Game Series first-person shooter, set on the Ottoman Fronts of World War I, with 50-player objective battles, 10 classes, one Expeditions mode, and five maps at launch.
Gallipoli campaign
Allied First World War campaign (February 1915 – January 1916) on the Gallipoli peninsula to force the Dardanelles and take Constantinople; naval attack failed 18 March, landings 25 April stalled, and the Allies evacuated. Also called the Dardanelles campaign.
Gallipoli Peninsula war cemeteries
The Gallipoli Peninsula war cemeteries commemorate the dead of the 1915–16 Gallipoli Campaign, maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission under the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne.
Gallium
Gallium is a soft, silvery-white metal, atomic number 31, that melts in a warm hand; its compounds GaAs and GaN are essential to LEDs and electronics.
Gallium anomaly
The gallium anomaly is an unexplained deficit of about 20 percent in electron neutrino capture on gallium, seen in SAGE, GALLEX/GNO calibration experiments and the BEST experiment.
Gallium arsenide
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a III-V compound semiconductor of gallium and arsenic with a direct bandgap, used since the 1960s in microwave electronics, laser diodes, and high-efficiency space solar cells.
Gallium arsenide solar cell
A gallium arsenide solar cell is a photovoltaic device that converts sunlight more efficiently than silicon and tolerates radiation better, making it the standard power source for spacecraft.
Gallium arsenide spin qubits
Gallium arsenide spin qubits are quantum bits encoded in electron spins in GaAs quantum dots, first demonstrated in 2005 and still used for experiments despite nuclear-spin decoherence limiting coherence to tens of nanoseconds.
Gallium citrate
Gallium citrate (Ga-67, Ga-68 citrate) is a radiopharmaceutical iron analogue for imaging infection, inflammation, and tumors; Ga-67 SPECT imaging at 48-72 hours, Ga-68 PET with 68-minute half-life.
Gallium Ga-68 gozetotide kit (Illuccix)
Illuccix (TLX591-CDx), Telix Pharmaceuticals' kit for preparing gallium Ga-68 gozetotide (PSMA-11) injection, a PSMA-targeted PET radiopharmaceutical for prostate cancer imaging; TGA-approved November 2021, FDA-approved December 2021, three-vial kit in two configurations.
Gallium gadolinium garnet
Gallium gadolinium garnet (GGG), or gadolinium gallium garnet, is a synthetic oxide crystal used as the standard substrate for magnetic garnet films and studied as a frustrated magnet.
Gallium nitride
Gallium nitride, also called gallium mononitride (GaN), is a wide-bandgap compound semiconductor of gallium and nitrogen whose efficient blue LED earned the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Gallium nitride FET
A gallium nitride FET is a field-effect transistor built on the wide-bandgap semiconductor GaN, usually a HEMT that switches faster and handles higher power than silicon devices.