All articles starting with G
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Goryeo border defenses
The Goryeo border defenses were the fortresses, walls, and garrisons the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) built on its northern frontiers and coasts against Khitan, Mongol, and Japanese raiders.
Goryeo Buddhist painting
Goryeo Buddhist painting (고려불화) is Buddhist scroll painting made in Korea during the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), with about 160 works surviving worldwide, mostly in Japan.
Goryeo Buddhist sculpture
Goryeo Buddhist sculpture (고려 불상) is Buddhist statuary made in Korea during the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), spanning iron and stone, wood and gilt bronze, and late gilt-bronze phases.
Goryeo calligraphy
Goryeo calligraphy (고려 서예) is the brush-writing tradition of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), done in Chinese characters and studied chiefly through steles and tomb epitaphs.
Goryeo campaigns against Japanese pirates
The Goryeo campaigns against Japanese pirates (waegu, 왜구) were military operations by which Korea's Goryeo dynasty defended the peninsula against seaborne raiders from Japan, chiefly Kyushu and Tsushima, from 1223 to 1392.
Goryeo celadon
Goryeo celadon (고려청자, 高麗靑瓷) is the Korean stoneware of the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), prized for its jade-green bisak glaze and for sanggam inlay, a Korean first.
Goryeo Celadon Dragon-shaped Ewer
The Goryeo Celadon Dragon-shaped Ewer, also called the Celadon Fish Dragon-Shaped Ewer, is a twelfth-century Korean stoneware wine ewer shaped as a dragon-headed fish, National Treasure 61 held by the National Museum of Korea.
Goryeo Celadon Maebyeong with Inlaid Cranes and Clouds
The Goryeo Celadon Maebyeong with Inlaid Cranes and Clouds (청자 상감운학문 매병) is a Goryeo dynasty prunus vase from the first half of the 13th century, held at the Gansong Art Museum in Seoul.
Goryeo Celadon Openwork Incense Burner with Seven Treasures Design (National Treasure 95)
The Celadon Openwork Incense Burner with Seven Treasures Design (청자 투각 칠보문 향로) is a 12th-century Goryeo celadon censer, South Korea's National Treasure No. 95.
Goryeo census and household registers
The Goryeo census and household registers, or hojeok, were official records by which the Goryeo state (918–1392) documented households and status, primarily to collect taxes and labor service.
Goryeo civil service examination
The Goryeo civil service examination, or gwageo, was adopted in 958 under King Gwangjong on the advice of Ssang-gi, and remained the main route into Goryeo officialdom until 1392.
Goryeo clothing
Goryeo clothing is the dress of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), where Chinese-style official dress coexisted with indigenous Korean dress; a century of Mongol rule reshaped elite clothing before Ming-style dress arrived in 1386.
Goryeo currency policy debates
The Goryeo currency policy debates were recurring court discussions in Goryeo Korea (918–1392) over replacing commodity money with state-issued metal coins and, late in the dynasty, paper money.
Goryeo daily life
Daily life in Goryeo, the Korean dynasty of 918–1392 from which "Korea" derives, is known chiefly from Xu Jing's 1124 account, village sites, and shipwrecks.
Goryeo diplomacy
Goryeo diplomacy (고려의 대외 관계) was the foreign relations of Korea's Goryeo dynasty from 918 to 1392, mixing tributary alignment, negotiation, and open trade with rival Chinese dynasties and Japan.
Goryeo expedition to Tsushima
The Goryeo expedition to Tsushima (대마도 정벌) was a 1389 naval raid in which commander Park Wi led about 100 warships to Tsushima Island, burning 300 pirate ships and rescuing captives.
Goryeo famine relief
Goryeo famine relief refers to the granaries, standing agencies, and emergency commissions by which Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) fed people during droughts, floods, epidemics, and war.
Goryeo festivals
The Goryeo festivals of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) were the Yeondeunghoe lantern festival and the Palgwanhoe, state Buddhist and folk rites ordered observed by King Taejo in 943.
Goryeo funerary customs
Goryeo funerary customs were the death, mourning, and burial practices of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), combining Buddhist cremation with a distinctive two-stage funeral in which cremation preceded final interment.
Goryeo gayo
Goryeo gayo (고려가요), also called Goryeo jangga, are the vernacular Korean lyric songs created during the Goryeo dynasty, mainly love songs transmitted orally until written in hangul in the Joseon period; 14 survive.
Goryeo government on Ganghwa Island
The Goryeo government on Ganghwa Island, called Gangdo, was Goryeo's relocated capital, moved by the military dictator Choe U in 1232 to resist the Mongol invasion and returned to Gaegyeong in 1270.
Goryeo handicrafts
Goryeo handicrafts (고려 수공업) were the craft-production systems of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), organized as state-run workshops, tribute-producing settlements called 소, and temple workshops that grew major in the late period.
Goryeo land reform
The Goryeo land reform (전제개혁) was a program of land surveys and legislation in late Goryeo Korea between 1388 and 1391, led by Jo Jun.
Goryeo land system
The Goryeo land system (고려의 토지제도) was the set of institutions by which Korea's Goryeo state registered, taxed, and distributed farmland from 918 to 1392, centered on the Jeonsigwa stipend-land scheme.
Goryeo law codes (Yul and Gyeong)
The Goryeo law codes (고려율령) were the penal statutes of Korea's Goryeo dynasty, 71 articles recorded in the Goryeosa, modeled on the Tang Code and presumed enacted under King Seongjong.
Goryeo literati painting
Goryeo literati painting, or muninhwa, is the amateur painting of scholar-officials of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), who adopted Northern Song literati ideals; King Gongmin and Yi Je-hyeon are cited examples.
Goryeo literature
Goryeo literature is the body of writing produced during Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), chiefly in Classical Chinese, alongside vernacular songs and major Buddhist printing achievements.
Goryeo local administration
Goryeo local administration (고려 지방제) was the system of prefectures, counties, and districts through which Korea's Goryeo dynasty governed its provinces from 918 to 1392.
Goryeo markets
Goryeo markets were the trading venues of Korea's Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), comprising permanent capital markets (bangsi, 방시), periodic rural markets (hyangsi, 향시), and irregular markets for trade with foreigners (hosi, 호시).
Goryeo medical institutions
Goryeo medical institutions were the state medical offices of the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) in Korea, including royal medicine agencies, relief institutions for commoners, and local medical officers, later reorganized under Joseon after 1392.