All articles starting with G
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Growth hacking
Growth hacking is a process of rapid experimentation across the full customer journey, spanning product, marketing, and analytics, to accelerate customer and revenue growth; the term was coined by Sean Ellis.
Growth hormone
Growth hormone (somatotropin, GH) is a pituitary peptide hormone acting via the GH receptor and IGF-1; treats growth hormone deficiency, banned in sport (WADA S2), and not supported as anti-aging or performance-enhancing therapy.
Growth hormone deficiency
Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a rare pituitary condition causing growth failure in children and a metabolic, quality-of-life syndrome in adults; diagnosed by GH stimulation tests and treated with daily or long-acting injectable GH.
Growth index (cosmology)
The growth index is a cosmological parameter, written γ, that summarizes how fast cosmic structures grow; it is about 0.55 in general relativity and differs in modified gravity.
Growth lines and shell size in bivalves
Growth lines in bivalve shells are concentric marks laid down when shell growth slows or stops, forming a calendar used to estimate a bivalve's age and growth rate.
Growth medium
Growth medium, or culture medium, is a formulation supporting microbial growth, identification, or preservation. Pasteur made the first liquid medium in 1860; Koch introduced solid media with agar, enabling pure-culture isolation.
Growth mixture model
A growth mixture model is a latent-variable statistical method that identifies unobserved subgroups, called latent classes, each with its own developmental trajectory, in longitudinal data.
Growth mixture modeling
Growth mixture modeling is a statistical method for longitudinal data that divides a population into latent classes with different trajectories, introduced by Muthén and Shedden in 1999.
Growth of nations at the Paralympic Games, 1994–present
The growth of nations at the Paralympic Games since 1994 covers how National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) expanded under International Paralympic Committee governance, reaching 182 NPCs by 2019.
Growth of religion
Growth of religion is the change over time in the size and share of religious populations, measured through births, deaths, migration, conversion, and religious switching, with different measures diverging sharply.
Growth of the Soil (2026 film)
Growth of the Soil (Markens grøde) is Hans Petter Moland's 2026 Norwegian drama adapting Knut Hamsun's 1917 Nobel-winning novel, starring Herbert Nordrum and Asta Kamma August, Norway's Oscar submission for the 99th Academy Awards.
Growth rate (group theory)
In group theory, the growth rate of a finitely generated group measures how quickly the number of elements reachable by short words grows with word length.
Growth rate hypothesis
The growth rate hypothesis is a proposition in ecological stoichiometry, introduced by James Elser and colleagues around 2000, holding that rapid growth requires phosphorus-rich ribosomal RNA, raising body phosphorus.
Growth Street Partners
Growth Street Partners is a San Francisco venture capital firm founded in 2017 by Steve Wolfe and Nate Grossman, investing in B2B SaaS and technology-enabled services companies in underserved US and Canadian markets.
Growth-regulating factor
Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are streptophyte-specific plant transcription factors with QLQ and WRC domains, forming the GRF-GIF-miR396 growth module; not the rose nursery GRF or growth hormone-releasing factor.
Growth–share matrix
The growth–share matrix, or BCG matrix, is a portfolio framework introduced by the Boston Consulting Group in 1970 that sorts business units into stars, cash cows, question marks, and dogs.
Growthcurve Capital Partners
GrowthCurve Capital Partners is a control-oriented private equity firm in New York, founded in 2021 by Sumit Rajpal, investing in technology, healthcare, and financial services businesses.
GrowthFund
GrowthFund, or Vækstfonden, was the Danish state growth fund, established in 1992 to finance small and medium-sized companies with loans, guarantees, and equity until its 2023 merger into EIFO.
Groww
Groww is a Bengaluru-based fintech company founded in 2016 by former Flipkart executives, operating an online investment and broking platform for stocks and mutual funds.
Groyne
A groyne, called a groin in American usage, is a low structure of stone or timber built perpendicular to the shore to trap sand and reduce beach erosion.
Groypers
Groypers are followers of white nationalist podcaster Nick Fuentes and his America First movement, named for a Pepe the Frog toad variant; they emerged in 2019, ran the Groyper Wars heckling campaign, and blend white nationalism with Christian nationalism.
Grozny
Grozny (Грозный), capital of the Chechen Republic on the Sunzha River; founded 1818 as a Russian fortress, grew into a major oil city, was destroyed in the Chechen wars, and rebuilt with Moscow funds.
GRPC
gRPC is a remote procedure call framework and Cloud Native Computing Foundation project that runs over HTTP/2, uses Protocol Buffers, and supports four call types including bidirectional streaming.
GrpE
GrpE is the bacterial nucleotide exchange factor for the DnaK (Hsp70) chaperone, discovered in 1977 via phage λ mutants; a dimeric coiled-coil thermosensor that accelerates ADP release 5000-fold, with mitochondrial homologs GrpEL1/2 in eukaryotes.
GRPO
GRPO, or Group Relative Policy Optimization, is a reinforcement learning algorithm for large language models introduced by DeepSeek in 2024; it drops PPO's value network and trained DeepSeek-R1.
Grrr (film)
Grrr (ഗർർർ) is a 2024 Malayalam survival comedy directed by Jay K, starring Kunchacko Boban and Suraj Venjaramoodu, inspired by a 2018 Thiruvananthapuram Zoo lion-enclosure incident, released June 14, 2024.
GRS 1915+105
GRS 1915+105 is a Galactic X-ray binary containing a stellar-mass black hole that ejects plasma in relativistic jets, the first Milky Way source with observed superluminal motion, seen in 1994.
Gru
Gru (Felonious Gru) is the fictional protagonist of Illumination's Despicable Me franchise, voiced by Steve Carell. A reformed supervillain turned Anti-Villain League agent and father of Margo, Edith, and Agnes, he anchors an $11 billion franchise.
GRU (ГРУ) (Russian Federation)
GRU (ГРУ), Russia's Main Intelligence Directorate (GU since 2010), is the military intelligence and special operations service under the Ministry of Defense, founded 1918, largest of the Russian agencies, linked to APT28, Sandworm, Unit 29155, Wagner, and the 2016 US election hacks.
GRUAN
GRUAN, the GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network, is an international network of sites measuring climate variables from the surface into the stratosphere, envisaged by the WMO in 2007 to calibrate satellites and radiosonde data.