All articles starting with H
20,046 articles
Hyper Suprime-Cam
Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is an 870-megapixel optical imaging camera at the prime focus of the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii, used for wide-field surveys.
Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) is a three-layer optical imaging survey on the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii, begun in 2014 to study dark matter and dark energy.
Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol
The Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol (HTCPCP) is a facetious protocol for controlling coffee pots, specified in RFC 2324 by the IETF on 1 April 1998.
Hyper-converged infrastructure
Hyper-converged infrastructure (HCI) is a software-defined data center architecture that integrates compute, storage, networking, and virtualization on clusters of commodity x86 servers, first marketed by Nutanix in 2011.
Hyper-empathy
Hyper-empathy (hyperempathy) is above-average, overwhelming empathy, not a DSM-5 diagnosis; described mainly by autistic people and framed by Smith's empathy imbalance hypothesis of high affective with low cognitive empathy.
Hyper-heuristic
A hyper-heuristic is an automated method for selecting or generating heuristics to solve computational search problems, aiming to raise the level of generality of optimization systems across problem domains.
Hyper-Kamiokande (ハイパーカミオカンデ)
Hyper-Kamiokande (ハイパーカミオカンデ) is a next-generation underground neutrino detector under construction in Hida, Japan, by the University of Tokyo and KEK, aiming to start observation in 2028.
Hyper-reduction
Hyper-reduction is a computational technique in model order reduction that speeds up reduced-order simulations by evaluating nonlinear terms only at a small set of sample points.
Hyper-threading
Hyper-Threading Technology, announced by Intel in 2001, is its implementation of simultaneous multithreading, letting one physical CPU core execute two code streams at once as two logical processors.
Hyper-V
Hyper-V, also known as Microsoft Hyper-V or Windows Server Virtualization, is Microsoft's hypervisor-based virtualization technology built into Windows Server that runs multiple isolated operating systems on one hardware platform.
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Hyperactive bowel sounds (borborygmi) are abnormally loud, increased gurgling intestinal noises, ICD-11 ME03.0, caused by diarrhea, eating, IBD, GI bleeding, or early bowel obstruction, with limited auscultation reliability.
Hyperacusis
Hyperacusis is reduced tolerance to everyday sounds, perceived as too loud or painful despite normal hearing. Prevalence 9-15%; subtypes include loudness and pain hyperacusis; treated with sound desensitization and counseling.
Hyperaemia
Hyperaemia (hyperemia) is increased blood flow to tissue causing engorgement; forms include active (functional), reactive (post-ischaemic), and passive (congestion). Covers mediators (NO, adenosine, K+, CO2), measurement (RHI, FMD, plethysmography), coronary FFR ≤0.80 and iFR ≤0.89 thresholds, and stress agents.
Hyperaesthesia
Hyperaesthesia, also spelled hyperesthesia, is increased sensitivity to stimulation excluding the special senses (ICD-11 MB40.5), a symptom of peripheral and central sensitization commonly accompanying neuropathic pain, caused by nerve injury, metabolic, infectious, autoimmune, or toxic conditions.
Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperaldosteronism (primary aldosteronism, Conn's syndrome): excess adrenal aldosterone with suppressed renin, causing hypertension in about 5-10% of hypertensive adults, with elevated cardiovascular risk; treated by adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia is increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain, an IASP-defined clinical sign of peripheral or central sensitization; distinguished from allodynia, assessed by quantitative sensory testing, and seen after injury, neuropathy, and opioid use.
Hyperammonemia
Hyperammonemia is excess blood ammonia, mainly from urea cycle disorders (incidence 1:35,000, OTC deficiency X-linked) or liver failure and drugs. Treated with protein restriction, nitrogen scavengers, and dialysis; peak ammonia above 1000 μmol/L predicts poor outcome.
Hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency
Hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency (CA5AD, CA-VA deficiency) is a rare autosomal recessive CA5A disorder causing neonatal hyperammonemia, lactic acidosis, and ketonuria, treated with carglumic acid.
Hyperandrogenism
Hyperandrogenism: excess androgen production or effect, mainly in women, causing hirsutism, acne, and alopecia. Most often from PCOS (5-10% of reproductive age women); diagnosed by testosterone testing, managed with contraceptives, antiandrogens, hair removal.
HyperArc stereotactic radiosurgery
HyperArc is an automated single-isocenter, non-coplanar VMAT technique for linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery of intracranial targets, developed by Varian for multi-metastasis cases and first used clinically in August 2017.
Hyperarithmetic theory
Hyperarithmetic theory is a branch of computability theory introduced in the early 1950s by Davis, Mostowski, and Kleene, characterizing the hyperarithmetical sets via definability and iterated Turing jumps.
Hyperarithmetical theory
Hyperarithmetical theory, which studies the hyperarithmetic sets, or HYP, is the branch of computability theory that iterates the Turing jump through the computable ordinals, a hierarchy begun by Stephen Cole Kleene in the 1950s.
Hyperart Thomasson
Hyperart Thomasson (超芸術トマソン) is a concept by Genpei Akasegawa for useless, aesthetically maintained objects attached to buildings, named after baseball player Gary Thomasson, first found in Tokyo in 1972 and popularized by a 1982 Shashin Jidai serial.
Hyperbaric medicine
Hyperbaric medicine treats disease with 100% oxygen breathed in a chamber pressurized above sea level (HBOT, UHMS minimum 1.4 ATA), chiefly for decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, and nonhealing wounds, with pressure- and oxygen-related side effects.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a medical treatment in which a patient breathes pure oxygen inside a pressurized chamber, used for decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, and diabetic wounds.
Hyperbaric welding
Hyperbaric welding, also known as underwater welding, is welding done at elevated ambient pressure in a sealed chamber placed around the workpiece and pressurized to the water depth, a principal repair technique for subsea pipelines.
Hyperbiliverdinemia
Hyperbiliverdinemia (green jaundice, ORPHA:276405, OMIM 614156) is a rare genetic hepatic disease with green skin, urine, and plasma from elevated biliverdin, linked to BLVRA variants plus biliary obstruction or liver failure.
Hyperbola
A hyperbola is a conic section with two open, mirror-image branches, defined by a constant difference of distances to two foci, named by Apollonius of Perga.
Hyperbola-1
Hyperbola-1 (双曲线一号, SQX-1) is a four-stage solid-propellant orbital rocket developed by the private Chinese company iSpace, the first privately funded Chinese rocket to reach orbit in 2019.
Hyperbole
Hyperbole (Greek hyperbole, 'a throwing beyond') is deliberate, non-literal exaggeration used to express evaluation. A scalar meaning shift distinct from metaphor and irony, common in everyday talk, news, advertising, and political rhetoric.