All articles starting with I
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Impairment of colour vision
Impairment of color vision, commonly called color blindness or color vision deficiency, is a reduced ability to distinguish colors, affecting about 8% of males and often inherited.
Impairment of visual field
Impairment of visual field (ICD-11 9D41) is partial or total loss of the area seen with fixed gaze, caused by glaucoma, stroke, retinal disease; measured by perimetry, affecting driving and mobility.
Impala
Impala (Aepyceros melampus), a medium-sized African antelope, sole living member of Aepycerotinae; two subspecies (common, black-faced), famous for 3 m leaps, mixed grazing-browsing, IUCN Least Concern with about 2,000,000 mature individuals.
IMPALA (machine learning)
IMPALA (Importance Weighted Actor-Learner Architecture) is a distributed reinforcement learning architecture introduced by DeepMind in 2018, separating actors that collect experience from a centralized learner.
Impala South-East Oil Field
Impala South-East Oil Field, or Impala South East, is an offshore oil field in Block 3/05, about 37 km off Angola, discovered in 1985 and producing since 1988.
Impaled Nazarene
Impaled Nazarene is a Finnish black metal band formed in Oulu in November 1990 by brothers Mika and Kimmo Luttinen; known for its self-styled "nuclear metal" and albums Tol Cormpt Norz Norz Norz, Ugra-Karma, and Suomi Finland Perkele.
Impalement
Impalement: execution by driving a stake through the body, Old Persian uzmayāpati kar. Attested in Neo-Assyrian warfare and law, Achaemenid Persia (Bisotun), and Vlad III Dracula's 15th-century Wallachia; forensics also uses the term for perforating rod injuries.
IMPASS (robot)
IMPASS, short for Intelligent Mobility Platform with Active Spoke System, is a wheel-leg hybrid robot from Virginia Tech whose extendable spokes let it walk over uneven terrain.
Impasto
Impasto, from Italian for dough or mixture, is a painting technique of thick, relief-raising paint with visible brush or knife marks, used from Titian and Rembrandt to Van Gogh, Auerbach, and Kiefer, and studied via raking light and 3D scanning.
Impastor
Impastor: American TV Land single-camera sitcom (2015-2016), created by Christopher Vane, starring Michael Rosenbaum as con man Buddy Dobbs posing as a gay Lutheran pastor; 2 seasons, 20 episodes, cancelled December 2016.
Impatiens
Impatiens (balsams, touch-me-nots), genus of Balsaminaceae with 1,187 accepted species, native to the Old World and the Americas, known for explosive seed capsules, ornamental busy Lizzies, and invasive Himalayan balsam.
Impatiens balsamina
Impatiens balsamina (凤仙花), garden balsam or rose balsam, is an annual Balsaminaceae herb native to India and Sri Lanka, grown worldwide as an ornamental and medicinal plant with explosive seed pods and over 307 identified compounds.
Impatiens capensis
Impatiens capensis (orange jewelweed, spotted touch-me-not; synonym I. biflora) is a North American annual wetland herb with orange spurred flowers, explosive 4.2 ms seed pod dehiscence, cleistogamous flowers, and introduced populations in Europe and western North America.
Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus
Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus (INSV, Orthotospovirus impatiensnecromaculae) is a thrips-transmitted Tospoviridae plant virus infecting over 300 ornamental and vegetable species, causing necrotic spots and ringspots, mainly in greenhouses.
IMPATT diode
An IMPATT diode (IMPact ionization Avalanche Transit-Time diode) is a semiconductor device that generates or amplifies microwave signals, producing the highest power at the highest frequencies of any semiconductor device.
IMPDH2
IMPDH2 (inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2, type II IMPDH) is the human chromosome 3 enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting IMP-to-XMP step of de novo GTP synthesis; it forms allosterically regulated filaments, is the target of mycophenolate immunosuppressants, is upregulated in cancers, and its mutations cause dystonia.
Impeachment
Impeachment is a legislature's formal charge of misconduct against a government official, leading to a trial and possible removal from office. Originated in England's 1376 Good Parliament; in the U.S. the House impeaches by majority and the Senate convicts by two-thirds; impeached U.S. presidents (Johnson, Clinton, Trump) were all acquitted.
Impeachment controversies involving Supreme Court justices
Three US Supreme Court justices have faced serious impeachment action: Samuel Chase, impeached in 1804 and acquitted in 1805; Abe Fortas; and William O. Douglas.
Impeachment in the United States
Impeachment in the United States: constitutional process where the House charges federal officials with treason, bribery, or high crimes and misdemeanors, and the two-thirds Senate conviction removes them; three presidents impeached, none removed.
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
First U.S. presidential impeachment: Andrew Johnson, impeached by the House 126-47 on February 24, 1868 over the Tenure of Office Act and Stanton's removal, tried in the Senate with 11 articles, and acquitted 35-19, one vote short of conviction.
Impeachment of Bill Clinton
Impeachment of Bill Clinton (1998): House impeached the 42nd US president on grand-jury perjury and obstruction of justice charges from the Starr/Lewinsky investigation; votes 228-206 and 221-212; Senate acquitted February 12, 1999.
Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff
The impeachment of Dilma Rousseff was the 2016 removal of Brazil's first woman president after the Senate convicted her of fiscal accounting crimes; Michel Temer succeeded her.
Impeachment of Fernando Collor
The impeachment of Fernando Collor removed Brazil's president from office in 1992 over corruption linked to his campaign treasurer; the Senate convicted him by 76 votes to 3.
Impeachment of judges in the United States
Impeachment of judges in the United States is the constitutional process by which Congress removes federal judges; 15 have been impeached since 1803, and 8 convicted.
Impeachment of Park Geun-hye
Impeachment of Park Geun-hye (박근혜 탄핵): South Korea's National Assembly impeached President Park on December 9, 2016 over the Choi Soon-sil scandal, and the Constitutional Court unanimously removed her on March 10, 2017, the first such removal in Korean history.
Impeachment of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia
The 2018 impeachment effort by West Virginia's House of Delegates against all four sitting justices of the Supreme Court of Appeals over a $3 million office-renovation spending scandal; voided by the state court.
Impeachment of Warren Hastings
The impeachment of Warren Hastings (वॉरेन हेस्टिंग्स पर महाभियोग) was a British trial of the former Governor-General of Bengal, led by Edmund Burke, ending in acquittal in 1795.
Impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol
Impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol (윤석열 탄핵), the removal of South Korea's president: martial law declared December 3, 2024; Assembly vote December 14; unanimous Constitutional Court removal April 4, 2025.
Impeachment process against Richard Nixon
The 1973-1974 congressional impeachment process against Richard Nixon: the Ervin Committee, House Resolution 803, United States v. Nixon, three House Judiciary articles of impeachment, and Nixon's August 9, 1974 resignation.
Impeachment trial of Sara Duterte
Impeachment trial of Sara Duterte, Philippine Senate trial of Vice President Sara Duterte (Sara Duterte-Carpio) on unexplained wealth, confidential funds misuse, bribery, and threats against Marcos; first VP impeached, earlier 2025 case voided by the Supreme Court.