All articles starting with J
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Japanese clothing
Japanese clothing (wafuku, kimono, and Western yofuku) covers traditional straight-cut garments, the postwar shift to Western dress, a 98.6% import-reliant clothing economy, falling garment prices, recycling policy, and a shrinking kimono market.
Japanese colonial empire
The Japanese colonial empire (1895–1945) was Japan's overseas empire, comprising Taiwan, Korea, Karafuto, the Kwantung Leased Territory, and the South Seas Mandated Islands; the only non-Western imperium of modern times, it ended with Japan's 1945 surrender.
Japanese Communist Party (日本共産党)
The Japanese Communist Party (日本共産党, JCP), founded July 15, 1922, is Japan's oldest political party. Led by Tomoko Tamura, it holds 4 House of Representatives and 7 House of Councilors seats, claims about 250,000 members, publishes Akahata, and advocates gradual democratic change within capitalism, pacifism, and ending the Japan-US alliance.
Japanese conjugation (mizenkei base)
Mizenkei (未然形, irrealis form) is the first of the six Japanese school-grammar conjugation bases, used before negatives (ない, ず), causatives, passives, and volitionals (う/よう); godan verbs split it into a-dan and o-dan shapes, and its classical hypothetical use with ば shifted to the modern 仮定形.
Japanese consuls and consuls-general
A Japanese consul or consul-general heads an overseas consulate of Japan's Foreign Ministry, protecting Japanese nationals, issuing passports and visas, and registering status events such as births and marriages.
Japanese contract law
Japanese contract law governs the formation, performance, and enforcement of contracts in Japan through the Civil Code of 1896, which requires no consideration and no writing.
Japanese counter word
Japanese counter words (助数詞, josūshi) are suffixes paired with numbers to classify what is counted, e.g. 枚 for flat objects, 本 for long objects, 匹 for small animals, 人 for people. About 500 exist; roughly 20 cover daily use, with 〜つ and 個 as general fallbacks.
Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina
The Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina, known in Japan as Operation Meigō, was launched on 9 March 1945, overthrowing French colonial rule and interning the French army.
Japanese cruiser Chikuma (1938)
Chikuma (筑摩) was a Tone-class heavy cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy that scouted for the carriers at Pearl Harbor and Midway before being sunk in 1944.
Japanese cuisine in São Paulo
Japanese cuisine in São Paulo: the Nikkei cooking of the world's largest Japanese diaspora, from the 1908 Kasato Maru and Liberdade's izakaya to hot rolls, Nipo-Brazilian dishes like pirarucu saikyo yaki, and Michelin-starred sushi counters.
Japanese curry (カレーライス)
Japanese curry rice (カレーライス, karē raisu) is a thick, mildly spiced meat-and-vegetable stew over rice, brought via Britain in the Meiji era, adopted by the Imperial Navy against beriberi, and now a national comfort food.
Japanese cyberpunk
Japanese cyberpunk: cyberpunk film, anime, and manga from Japan, exemplified by Akira (1988), Ghost in the Shell (1995), and Tsukamoto's Tetsuo (1989), marked by body horror, state-controlled post-human bodies, and underground live-action cinema.
Japanese defenses after the Battle of Baekgang
Japanese defenses after the Battle of Baekgang were fortifications built in 664–665 against an expected Tang and Silla invasion, centered on the Mizuki rampart in Fukuoka.
Japanese delegation to the 1867 Paris Exposition
The Japanese delegation to the 1867 Paris Exposition was the mission sent by the Tokugawa shogunate to Paris, led by Tokugawa Akitake, whose exhibits helped inspire Japonism.
Japanese delegation to the Paris Peace Conference
The Japanese delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (パリ講和会議日本代表団) was the Empire of Japan's team of negotiators at Paris in 1919, led nominally by Saionji Kinmochi.
Japanese dialects
Japanese dialects (hōgen) are regional varieties of Japanese differing in phonology, grammar, vocabulary, and accent. Classified into mainland eastern, western, Kyushu groups and Ryukyuan dialects; standardized on Tokyo speech from Meiji; eight UNESCO-endangered varieties including Ainu and Yonaguni.
Japanese diaspora
Japanese diaspora: Nikkei communities of Japanese emigrants and descendants worldwide, beginning with 153 migrants to Hawaii in 1868; roughly 770,000 prewar emigrants; Brazil hosts the world's largest Nikkei population.
Japanese domestic market
The Japanese domestic market (JDM) is the market for cars and trucks specified for sale new in Japan, with its own size classes, power caps, and inspection cycle.
Japanese dragon
Japanese dragon (ryū, tatsu, 龍/竜): a wingless, three-clawed serpentine creature derived from Chinese dragons and the Indian Naga, fused with native snake gods like Yamata no Orochi; worshipped as ryūjin, a water kami of rain, and a protector of Buddhist dharma.
Japanese economic miracle
The Japanese economic miracle was Japan's exceptionally rapid postwar growth from the mid-1950s to the early 1970s, lifting it from devastation to the world's third largest economy by 1970.
Japanese eel
Japanese eel (ニホンウナギ, Anguilla japonica), a catadromous East Asian eel spawning near the West Mariana Ridge; IUCN Endangered; farmed since 1879 but still 100% reliant on wild glass eels; complete aquaculture achieved 2010.
Japanese electric locomotives
Japanese electric locomotives are the mainline electric traction fleet of Japan's national and private railways, including the ED75, EF58, and EF81 classes; EF58 61 still hauls the imperial train.
Japanese embassies to Cao Wei
The Japanese embassies to Cao Wei (魏への遣使) were diplomatic missions sent by Queen Himiko of Yamatai to the Wei court at Luoyang between 238 and 247.
Japanese embassy hostage crisis
The Japanese embassy hostage crisis: MRTA guerrillas seized the Japanese Ambassador's Residence in Lima, Peru, on 17 December 1996 during an imperial birthday reception, holding 72 hostages for 126 days until a Peruvian tunnel-based commando raid on 22 April 1997.
Japanese Embassy to the United States (1860)
The Japanese Embassy to the United States (万延元年遣米使節) was an 1860 Tokugawa shogunate mission to Washington to ratify the 1858 Treaty of Amity and Commerce.
Japanese encephalitis (日本脳炎)
Japanese encephalitis (日本脳炎) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus disease of Asia and the western Pacific, spread mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus via pigs and birds, causing about 100,000 encephalitis cases yearly; vaccine-preventable, with no antiviral cure.
Japanese encephalitis vaccine live
SA14-14-2 is a single-dose live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine derived from the SA14 strain, made by Chengdu Institute of Biological Products, WHO-prequalified in 2013, with over one billion doses used.
Japanese era name (元号)
The Japanese era name (元号, gengō or nengō) is a name given to a span of years in Japanese dating, as in Heisei or Reiwa, in official use since 701.
Japanese Experiment Module Remote Manipulator System
The Japanese Experiment Module Remote Manipulator System (JEMRMS) is the robotic arm system of the International Space Station's Kibo laboratory, built by JAXA and launched in 2008.
Japanese family
Japanese family (家族, kazoku): family as a social and legal institution in Japan. Defined by the ie system abolished in 1947, nuclear-family and single-person households now dominate, with 50.3% of households including someone aged 65 or over.