All articles starting with J
20,615 articles
Jean Alexander
Jean Alexander (Jean Margaret Hodgkinson, 1926–2016), English actress who played Hilda Ogden in Coronation Street (1964–1987) and Auntie Wainwright in Last of the Summer Wine; RTS Award 1985, BAFTA nominee 1988, retired 2012, never married.
Jean Améry
Jean Améry (Hans Mayer, 1912–1978), Austrian essayist and Auschwitz survivor. Pen name anagram of Mayer; wrote At the Mind's Limits (1966), defending resentment and describing torture's lasting destruction of trust in the world.
Jean Anouilh
Jean Anouilh (1910–1987) was a French dramatist whose breakthrough came in 1937 with Le Voyageur sans bagage, and whose signature works are Antigone (1944), staged during the Occupation, and Becket (1959).
Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin
Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (1755–1826) was a French magistrate and author of Physiologie du goût (The Physiology of Taste), the foundational 1825–26 gastronomic text; also the namesake of the triple-cream Brillat-Savarin cheese.
Jean Arthur
Jean Arthur, born Gladys Georgianna Greene (1900–1991), was an American actress and comedian famed for her husky voice and roles in comedies like Mr. Smith Goes to Washington.
Jean Baptiste Armand Louis Léonée Elie de Beaumont
Jean-Baptiste Élie de Beaumont (1798–1874) was a French geologist, professor at the École des Mines de Paris, known for the first complete geological map of France.
Jean Baptiste Charbonneau
Jean Baptiste Charbonneau (1805-1866), son of Sacagawea and Toussaint Charbonneau, youngest member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition; later educated by William Clark, lived in Europe with Prince Paul of Württemberg, guided the Mormon Battalion, and died in 1866 near the Owyhee River, Oregon.
Jean Baptiste Perrin
Jean Baptiste Perrin (1870–1942) was a French physicist who won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics for experiments establishing the reality of atoms and molecules.
Jean Baptiste Point du Sable
Jean Baptiste Point du Sable (c. 1745–1818), also spelled Pointe de Sable, was a Haitian-born fur trader of African and French descent, the first permanent non-Indigenous settler of Chicago and its recognized founder, later dying in St. Charles, Missouri.
Jean Barthelemy Haureau
Jean Barthélemy Hauréau (1812–1896) was a French librarian and historian of medieval philosophy, director of the Imprimerie nationale and author of the Histoire de la philosophie scolastique.
Jean Batten
Jean Gardner Batten, born Jane Batten, was a New Zealand aviator whose 1930s solo flights included the first direct flight from England to New Zealand in 1936.
Jean Baudrillard
Jean Baudrillard (1929–2007), French sociologist and philosopher of simulation, simulacra, and hyperreality; author of Simulacra and Simulation (1981), linked to The Matrix, the Gulf War essays, and French Theory.
Jean Bennett
Jean Bennett, American physician-scientist at the University of Pennsylvania, co-developed Luxturna (voretigene neparvovec), the first FDA-approved gene therapy for an inherited disease, treating RPE65-linked blindness.
Jean Bernard (physician)
Jean Bernard (1907–2006) was a French physician and hematologist who helped establish that some acute leukemias could be cured, built French hematology at Saint-Louis Hospital, and led France's bioethics committee.
Jean Bodel
Jean Bodel, also written Jehan Bodel (c. 1165 – 1210), was a French trouvère and playwright of Arras, author of the oldest French miracle play.
Jean Bodin
Jean Bodin (1529/30–1596), French jurist and political theorist, author of Les Six livres de la République (1576), which defined modern sovereignty as supreme, absolute, perpetual, and indivisible power; also wrote on history, money, and witchcraft.
Jean Boiteux
Jean Boiteux (1933–2010) was a French freestyle swimmer who won the 400 m freestyle at the 1952 Helsinki Olympics, becoming France's first Olympic swimming champion.
Jean Bolland
Jean Bolland (Latin: Ioannes Bollandus, 1596–1665) was a Jesuit priest and hagiographer who founded the Bollandist school and was principal author of the first eight tomes of the Acta Sanctorum.
Jean Borotra
Jean Borotra (1898-1994), French tennis champion nicknamed the Bounding Basque; one of the Four Musketeers who won the Davis Cup 1927-1932; Wimbledon singles champion 1924 and 1926, 18 major titles, Hall of Fame 1976.
Jean Bouin
Jean Bouin (1888–1914) was a French long-distance runner, the first great French distance runner, who took Olympic silver in the 1912 5,000 meters and set several world records.
Jean Bourgain
Jean Bourgain (1954–2018) was a Belgian mathematician who reshaped Fourier analysis, ergodic theory, and nonlinear partial differential equations, winning the Fields Medal in 1994 while at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
Jean Bourhis
Jean Bourhis is a French radiation oncologist, professor and chair of radiation oncology at Lausanne University Hospital since 2012, known for the MACH-NC and MARCH meta-analyses.
Jean Bousquet
Jean Bousquet, born 1946, is a French physician-scientist in allergy and respiratory medicine, honorary professor of pulmonary medicine at Montpellier University, founder of the ARIA guidelines and former chairman of GINA.
Jean Brachet
Jean Brachet (1909–1988) was a Belgian biochemist and embryologist at the Université Libre de Bruxelles who showed that RNA is essential to protein synthesis, making him a founder of molecular biology.
Jean Brossel
Jean Brossel (1918–2003) was a French atomic physicist who co-invented the double resonance method and made the first demonstrations of double resonance and optical pumping, work behind Alfred Kastler's 1966 Nobel Prize.
Jean Butler
Jean Butler, Irish-American dancer and choreographer born in Mineola, New York, co-choreographed and originated the female principal role of Riverdance at Eurovision 1994, later pursued contemporary dance, and founded the Our Steps Irish dance archive.
Jean C. Hamilton
Jean C. Hamilton, born Jean Constance Hamilton in 1945, is an American jurist who was the first woman to serve as a U.S. district judge in the Eastern District of Missouri.
Jean Cabannes
Jean Cabannes (1885–1959) was a French physicist who proved in 1914 that transparent gases scatter light and derived the generalized scattering law for anisotropic molecules.
Jean Castex
Jean Castex (born 1965, Vic-Fezensac) is a French high civil servant, ex-mayor of Prades, Prime Minister of France 3 July 2020 to 16 May 2022, then RATP chairman-CEO and from 3 November 2025 SNCF Group chairman-CEO.
Jean Cau
Jean Cau names two Frenchmen: a writer (1925-1993), Sartre's secretary, 1961 Prix Goncourt winner for La Pitié de Dieu and right-wing pamphleteer, and an Olympic rower (1875-1921), 1900 Paris coxed fours gold medalist.