All articles starting with J
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JIGSAWS
JIGSAWS (JHU-ISI Gesture and Skill Assessment Working Set) is a public surgical dataset of kinematics, video, and skill annotations, built by Johns Hopkins University and Intuitive Surgical.
Jigu Suanjing (缉古算经)
Jigu Suanjing (缉古算经) is an early 7th-century Chinese mathematical work by Wang Xiaotong containing twenty problems, the earliest surviving Chinese text to state and solve cubic equations.
Jihad (جهاد)
Jihad (جهاد), Arabic for striving or exertion, is an Islamic concept ranging from inner spiritual struggle (greater jihad) to defensive use of force (lesser jihad); the Quran uses it in 35 verses, only 10 about war.
Jihad Council
Jihad Council: the military and security command body of Hezbollah under its Shura Council, headed by the secretary-general; also the Houthi movement's supreme command authority and an EU-listed alias of the Hezbollah Military Wing.
Jihad in Kano
The Jihad in Kano was the Sokoto jihad campaign of 1804 to 1807 that overthrew the Hausa king Alwali and made Kano an emirate of the Sokoto Caliphate.
Jihad of al-Kanemi against the Fulani
The Jihad of al-Kanemi against the Fulani was the defense of the Bornu empire around Lake Chad against Usman dan Fodio's Fulani jihad, fought from 1808.
Jihad of Futa Jallon
The Jihad of Futa Jallon was a holy war begun around 1726 by Muslim Fulani clerics against the Jallonke, Susu, and Yalunka, ending in the imamate of Futa Jallon.
Jihad of Futa Toro
The Jihad of Futa Toro was a Muslim reformist revolution led by Sulayman Bal that in 1776 overthrew the Denyanke dynasty and founded the Almamate of Futa Toro.
Jihad of Usman dan Fodio
The jihad of Usman dan Fodio, also called the Fulani jihad, was a war launched in 1804 in Hausaland, in what is now northern Nigeria, by the Fulani scholar Usman dan Fodio.
Jihadi John
Jihadi John, real name Mohammed Emwazi, was a Kuwaiti-born British Islamic State executioner from West London who appeared masked in beheading videos of Western hostages from 2014 and was killed by a US drone strike near Raqqa in November 2015.
Jihadism
Jihadism, or jihadi-Salafism (al-salafiyya al-jihadiyya), is a modern Sunni Islamist ideology treating armed jihad as an individual religious duty. Distinguished by takfir doctrine, the al-Qaeda and Islamic State rivalry, and violence now concentrated in Africa's Sahel.
Jihadiyya
The Jihadiyya (الجهادية) were Sudanese slave soldiers recruited for the Egyptian army from the 1820s by Muhammad Ali, later serving the Mahdist state until 1898.
Jihadiyya and Rushdiyya
The Jihadiyya (الجهادية) were the regular rifle corps of the Mahdist army of Sudan, formed largely from captured Egyptian soldiers and destroyed at Karari in 1898.
Jihan
Jihan (지한), born Han Jihyo (한지효) in 2004, is a South Korean singer who debuted in the girl group Weeekly in 2020 under Play M Entertainment.
Jihe Yuanben (Euclid's Elements, first six books)
Jihe Yuanben (几何原本) is the Chinese translation of the first six books of Euclid's Elements, made by Matteo Ricci and Xu Guangqi and printed in Beijing in 1607.
Jihočeský kraj
Jihočeský kraj, the South Bohemian Region, is a Czech region with its seat in České Budějovice, the second largest by area at 10,058 km², bordering Austria and Germany.
Jihu
Jihu (稽胡), also called Buluoji, was a people of the Loess Plateau from the fourth to the ninth century, known through uprisings and wars with the Northern Zhou and Tang.
Jihun Oh
Jihun Oh, also known as J.K. Oh (오지훈), is a Korean materials scientist and KAIST professor since 2013 who researches artificial photosynthesis, electrocatalysis, and CO2 reduction.
Jihyo (박지효)
Jihyo (박지효), born 1997, is the leader and main vocalist of K-pop girl group TWICE (debuted 2015). Solo debut EP ZONE (2023) sold 534,565 first-week copies; left JYP in October 2026 to found agency EMITHAUS while staying in TWICE.
Jiiva
Jiiva (ஜீவா), birth name Amar, born 1984 in Chennai, is a Tamil actor and producer, eldest son of Super Good Films producer R. B. Choudary; known for Ram, Kattradhu Tamil, Ko, and Mugamoodi.
Jiivi (ஜீவி)
Jiivi (ஜீவி) is a 2019 Tamil mystery thriller directed by V. J. Gopinath, written by Babu Tamizh, starring Vetri as Saravanan, a thief whose heist triggers strange coincidences; released 28 June 2019, followed by Jiivi 2 (2022).
Jijabai
Jijabai, also Rajmata Jijau (जिजाबाई), 1598–1674, Jadhav-born wife of Shahaji Bhonsle and mother of Shivaji; she ran the Pune jagir, shaped his education, and helped found the Maratha state.
Jijaji Chhat Per Hain
Jijaji Chhat Per Hain is a Hindi sitcom that aired on Sony SAB for 552 episodes, set in Chandni Chowk, Delhi, and starring Hiba Nawab as Elaichi Bansal.
Jijeung of Silla
Jijeung of Silla (지증왕, 437–514) was the 22nd ruler of the Korean kingdom of Silla, reigning 500–514, and the first to bear the Chinese-style royal title of king.
Jijeung's edict on burial goods
Jijeung's edict on burial goods is a law promulgated in 502 by Jijeung (지증왕), the 22nd king of Silla, prohibiting sunjang, the burial of living people with the dead.
Jijiahu City Site
季家湖城址 (Jijiahu city site) is an Eastern Zhou Chu city site in Dangyang, Hubei, excavated in 1979 while searching for the early Chu capital Danyang; about 2.2 km², slightly earlier than Jinancheng, possibly a pre-King Ping Ying capital.
Jijiang
Jijiang (几江街道), Jijiang Subdistrict, is the historic urban core of Jiangjin District, Chongqing, on a 'ji'-shaped bend of the Yangtze; county seat since 557, a subdistrict since 2001.
Jijiaocheng Site
The Jijiaocheng site is a Neolithic walled settlement in Li County, Changde, Hunan, China, occupied for thousands of years and named one of China's top ten archaeological discoveries of 2021.
Jijiga
Jijiga (Jigjiga), capital of Ethiopia's Somali Regional State since March 1996, a fast-growing eastern Ethiopian trade and livestock hub with highland climate, about 600 mm annual rainfall, and rapid urban expansion.
Jijila
Jijila is a commune in Tulcea County, Romania, on the Lower Danube, hosting the Dinogetia Roman-Byzantine fortress at Garvăn, the Cetățuie fortified settlement, and the La Grădini Late Bronze Age site.