All articles starting with J
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Jacobitism
Jacobitism was the movement to restore the exiled Catholic Stuarts to the British throne after 1688, sustaining risings in 1715 and 1745, foreign-backed plots, and a clandestine political culture until Culloden ended its military prospects.
Jacobo Árbenz
Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán, president of Guatemala 1951–1954, author of Decree 900 agrarian reform, overthrown 27 June 1954 in the CIA-backed Operation PBSUCCESS coup led by Castillo Armas; died in exile in Mexico City in 1971.
Jacobo Ortega
Jacobo Ortega Conde (born 2006, Madrid) is a Spanish striker for RC Strasbourg in Ligue 1. A Real Madrid academy product and 2025-26 UEFA Youth League winner, he was sold to Strasbourg in August 2026 for €10 million for 70% of his rights.
Jacobo Ramón
Jacobo Ramón (Jacobo Ramón Naveros, born 2005, Madrid) is a Spanish centre-back who came through Real Madrid's academy, debuted for its first team in 2025, and now plays for Como 1907 in Serie A with a Real Madrid buyback option.
Jacobs (company)
Jacobs (Jacobs Solutions Inc., NYSE: J) is a global professional services firm headquartered in Dallas, Texas, delivering infrastructure, engineering, and consulting; it ranked No. 1 on ENR's 2026 Top 500 Design Firms list.
Jacobs Engineering
Jacobs Engineering is the former name of Jacobs Solutions Inc., a global engineering and professional services company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, founded in 1947 by Joseph J. Jacobs.
Jacobs family
The Jacobs family is a Zurich-based business family descended from Bremen coffee entrepreneur Klaus J. Jacobs, controlling Jacobs Holding and a major stake in Barry Callebaut.
Jacobs Institute for Design Innovation
The Jacobs Institute for Design Innovation is UC Berkeley's interdisciplinary hub for hands-on design and technology learning, founded in 2013 and housed in Jacobs Hall, opened in 2015.
Jacobsen epoxidation
The Jacobsen epoxidation, also called the Jacobsen–Katsuki epoxidation, is a catalytic asymmetric reaction that turns unfunctionalized alkenes into chiral epoxides using a chiral manganese-salen catalyst with bleach.
Jacobsen syndrome
Jacobsen syndrome, also called 11q terminal deletion disorder, is a rare contiguous gene disorder from deletion of the end of chromosome 11q, causing heart defects, Paris-Trousseau bleeding disorder, intellectual disability, and immunodeficiency.
Jacobsen's catalyst
Jacobsen's catalyst is a chiral manganese(III) salen complex introduced in 1990 by Eric Jacobsen and independently by Tsutomu Katsuki for asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkenes.
Jacobsite
Jacobsite is a black, weakly magnetic manganese iron oxide mineral of the spinel group, occurring in metamorphosed manganese deposits and named in 1869 for Jakobsberg, Sweden.
Jacobson radical
The Jacobson radical of a ring R, written J(R), is the intersection of all maximal left ideals, equivalently of all maximal right ideals; it was introduced by Nathan Jacobson in 1945.
Jacobson ring
A Jacobson ring, also called a Hilbert ring, is a commutative ring in which every radical ideal is the intersection of the maximal ideals containing it.
Jacobson v. Massachusetts
Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905), the Supreme Court case upholding Cambridge, Massachusetts's compulsory smallpox vaccination order and Henning Jacobson's $5 fine as a valid exercise of state police power.
Jacobsthal numbers
The Jacobsthal numbers are the sequence 0, 1, 1, 3, 5, 11, ... defined by the recurrence J(n) = J(n−1) + 2J(n−2), named for the German mathematician Ernst Erich Jacobsthal.
Jacobus Arminius
Jacobus Arminius, also known as Jacob Harmenszoon (1560–1609), was a Dutch Reformed pastor and theologian, professor at Leiden University from 1603, whose rejection of unconditional predestination founded Arminianism.
Jacobus Canter Visscher
Jacobus Canter Visscher (1692–1735) was a Dutch Reformed minister who served as a Dutch East India Company chaplain at Cochin on the Malabar coast from 1717 to 1723.
Jacobus Capitein
Jacobus Capitein, also known as Jacobus Elisa Johannes Capitein, was a Gold Coast-born former slave who became the first native African ordained as a Protestant minister, serving at Elmina from 1742.
Jacobus H. van 't Hoff
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff was a Dutch physical chemist who received the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1901 for chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure.
Jacobus Isaac Doedes
Jacobus Isaac Doedes (1817–1897) was a Dutch Reformed theologian who served as professor of theology at Utrecht University from 1859 to 1888, teaching New Testament exegesis and hermeneutics.
Jacobus J. Boomsma
Jacobus J. (Koos) Boomsma, born 1951 in Rotterdam, is a Dutch evolutionary biologist at the University of Copenhagen known for split sex-ratio theory and the lifetime-monogamy hypothesis.
Jacobus Kapteyn
Jacobus Kapteyn (1851–1922) was a Dutch astronomer at the University of Groningen who used photography and star counts to found statistical astronomy, cataloging 454,875 southern stars and discovering the star streams.
Jacobus Latomus
Jacobus Latomus (Jacques Masson, c. 1475 to 1544) was a Roman Catholic theologian at the University of Louvain, inquisitor and rector, best known for his 1521 controversy with Martin Luther and his quarrel with Erasmus.
Jacobus Verhoeff
Jacobus (Koos) Verhoeff (1927–2018) was a Dutch mathematician and computer scientist whose 1969 dissertation introduced the Verhoeff algorithm, a check digit scheme detecting all single digit and adjacent transposition errors.
Jacoby Brissett
Jacoby Brissett, NFL quarterback for the Arizona Cardinals; drafted 91st overall in 2016 by New England out of NC State; has played for six teams, known for a 1.4% career interception rate and a 2025 Arizona season of 3,366 yards and 23 touchdowns.
Jacoby Ellsbury
Jacoby Ellsbury, born 1983 in Madras, Oregon, is a former MLB center fielder of Navajo descent who starred for the Red Sox (2007 and 2013 World Series, 2011 MVP runner-up) before an injury-plagued $153 million Yankees contract ended in release and a grievance.
Jacoby Jones
Jacoby Jones (1984-2024), NFL wide receiver and return specialist for the Texans, Ravens, Steelers, and Chargers; record 108-yard Super Bowl XLVII kickoff return TD and Mile High Miracle; died of heart disease at 40.
Jacoby Shaddix
Jacoby Shaddix, also known as Coby Dick, is an American singer born in 1976 in Vacaville, California, lead vocalist and founding member of Papa Roach since the mid-1990s.
Jacoby transfer
Jacoby transfer: bridge convention after a 1NT opening in which responder bids 2♦ to show hearts or 2♥ to show spades, forcing opener to bid the major; devised by Olle Willner, popularized by Oswald Jacoby in 1956.