All articles starting with J
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Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (برنامه جامع اقدام مشترک)
The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA, is the 2015 agreement between Iran and world powers limiting Iran's nuclear program in exchange for lifting sanctions.
Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management
The Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management is a 1997 IAEA treaty on civilian nuclear waste.
Joint cost
A joint cost is the cost of a single production process yielding multiple products simultaneously, like refining crude oil or splitting raw milk into cream and skim milk.
Joint cracking
Joint cracking (knuckle cracking, crepitus) is the pop from gas cavity formation in synovial fluid when a joint is stretched; harmless per studies, not linked to arthritis, ~20-minute refractory period.
Joint custody
Joint custody is a form of child custody in which separated or divorced parents share both decision-making authority and responsibility for their child, covering legal and physical custody.
Joint demodulation
Joint demodulation is a receiver technique in digital wireless communications that demodulates a desired signal and a dominant interferer together instead of treating interference as noise.
Joint Direct Attack Munition
The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) is a GPS guidance kit that converts US unguided bombs into smart weapons, first used in combat over Kosovo in 1999.
Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure (JEDI)
The Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure (JEDI) was a US Department of Defense cloud computing contract worth up to $10 billion, awarded to Microsoft in 2019 and canceled in 2021.
Joint Entrance Examination
The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is India's national entrance exam for undergraduate engineering admission, with JEE (Main) for NITs and IIITs and JEE (Advanced) the sole route to the IITs.
Joint Entrance Examination – Advanced
JEE-Advanced, formerly IIT-JEE, is the annual entrance examination for admission to undergraduate programs at the Indian Institutes of Technology, replacing the IIT-JEE in 2013 and requiring JEE (Main) performance.
Joint Entrance Examination – Main
JEE (Main), संयुक्त प्रवेश परीक्षा (मुख्य), is India's NTA-conducted entrance exam for B.E./B.Tech, B.Arch, B.Planning admission to NITs, IIITs, CFTIs, and the JEE Advanced gateway, held in two sessions with percentile normalization.
Joint European Torus
The Joint European Torus (JET) is a tokamak fusion research facility at Culham, Oxfordshire, which set a record 69 megajoules of fusion energy before its final plasma in 2023.
Joint Expeditionary Base–Little Creek
Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek-Fort Story (JEBLCFS) is a Navy-managed joint base in Virginia Beach, Virginia, formed October 1, 2009 from Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek and Fort Story; a major east coast amphibious and expeditionary training hub.
Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) was an international marine research program launched in 1987 under SCOR to quantify carbon fluxes in the ocean and atmosphere.
Joint Hurricane Testbed
The Joint Hurricane Testbed was a NOAA program established in 2001 to transfer tropical cyclone research into forecast operations at the National Hurricane Center in Miami.
Joint Implementation
Joint Implementation is one of the Kyoto Protocol's flexibility mechanisms under Article 6, allowing Annex I countries to earn emission reduction units from projects hosted in other industrialized countries.
Joint injection
A joint injection is a procedure in which a needle is placed into a joint space to inject medication or aspirate fluid, to diagnose or treat pain and inflammation.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics
Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA), later JINA-CEE, a US NSF Physics Frontiers Center founded in 1999 by Notre Dame, Michigan State, and Chicago, coordinating nuclear astrophysics research, the JINA REACLIB reaction-rate database, and the IReNA international network.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR; Объединенный институт ядерных исследований) is an international intergovernmental research organization in Dubna, Russia, founded in 1956, known for superheavy element discoveries.
Joint List (القائمة المشتركة)
The Joint List (القائمة المشتركة) is an Israeli electoral alliance of Arab parties (Hadash, Ta'al, Balad, formerly Ra'am) formed in 2015 after the 3.25% threshold; it peaked at 15 Knesset seats in 2020.
Joint meeting abstracts
Joint meeting abstracts: annual NLM-cataloged serial (NLM ID 101319133) of abstracts from ADSA-ASAS joint annual meetings, issued as journal supplements from 1998, with Poultry Science Association from 2004.
Joint mobilization
Joint mobilization is a manual therapy technique in which a clinician applies graded passive movements to a joint to reduce pain and improve range of motion.
Joint Precision Airdrop System
The Joint Precision Airdrop System (JPADS) is a family of GPS-guided cargo parachute systems used by the United States military, jointly developed by the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps.
Joint probability distribution
The joint probability distribution, or joint distribution function, gives the probability law of two or more random variables together, and is the basis for marginal and conditional distributions.
Joint Prosthesis
Joint prosthesis: artificial components replacing hip, knee, or shoulder joint surfaces. Distinguishing facts: UHMWPE bearings since the 1960s, HXLPE cutting wear about 69%, wear debris osteolysis as the leading failure mode.
Joint Quantum Institute
The Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) is a research institute for quantum physics and quantum information science, founded in 2006 by the University of Maryland and NIST at College Park.
Joint replacement
Joint replacement, or arthroplasty, is an orthopedic operation in which the damaged surfaces of a joint, usually the hip or knee, are replaced with prosthetic components to relieve pain and restore function.
Joint secretary to the Government of India
Joint Secretary to the Government of India is a senior Central Secretariat rank (Pay Level 14) below Additional Secretary, filled under the Central Staffing Scheme through empanelment and ACC approval, with 5-year tenures and a separate lateral entry scheme (63 appointments since 2018) now on hold.
Joint Security Area (film)
Joint Security Area (공동경비구역 JSA) is Park Chan-wook's 2000 South Korean DMZ mystery drama adapted from Park Sang-yeon's novel DMZ, starring Lee Byung-hun, Song Kang-ho, and Lee Young-ae; it became Korea's biggest film until Friend (2001).
Joint Security Area (공동경비구역)
Joint Security Area (공동경비구역, JSA), also called Panmunjom, is the DMZ zone bisected by the Military Demarcation Line where North and South Korean forces face each other; guarded by UNC Security Battalion since 1953, site of the 1976 axe incident and 2018 summit.