All articles starting with J
20,615 articles
Josef Jungmann
Josef Jungmann (1773–1847) was a Czech linguist, lexicographer, and translator who led the Czech National Revival; his five-volume Czech-German Dictionary (1834–1839) laid the foundations of modern literary Czech.
Josef K (band)
Josef K were a Scottish post-punk band from Edinburgh (1979-1982), named for Kafka's The Trial protagonist, on Postcard Records. One album, The Only Fun in Town (1981), plus the shelved Sorry for Laughing; influenced Franz Ferdinand.
Josef Kajetán Tyl
Josef Kajetán Tyl, born Josef František Till, was a Czech dramatist and writer of the National Revival who wrote the text of the Czech national anthem.
Josef Kittler
Josef Kittler is a British pattern recognition and computer vision researcher at the University of Surrey, best known for the 1998 paper "On combining classifiers" and for serving as IAPR President from 1994 to 1996.
Josef Klarer
Josef Klarer (1898–1953) was a German chemist at IG Farben in Elberfeld who synthesized the azo dye Prontosil in 1932, opening the sulfonamide era of antibacterial chemotherapy.
Josef Koudelka
Josef Koudelka, Czech-born French photographer (born 1938), Magnum member; known for Gypsies, the anonymous 1968 Prague invasion pictures, Exiles, panoramic landscapes (The Black Triangle), and Wall.
Josef Kozeny
Josef Kozeny (1889–1967) was an Austrian hydraulic engineer and physicist whose 1927 permeability formula, modified by Carman, became the widely used Kozeny–Carman equation for flow through porous media.
Josef Kramer
Josef Kramer (1906-1945), German SS-Hauptsturmführer and camp commandant known as the Beast of Belsen; commanded Natzweiler-Struthof, Auschwitz II-Birkenau, and Bergen-Belsen; executed after the 1945 Belsen Trial.
Josef Kubota Wladyka
Josef Kubota Wladyka (born 1981, Fairfax, Virginia), also credited as Josef Wladyka, is an American film and TV director of Japanese and Polish descent; NYU MFA; directed Manos Sucias, Catch the Fair One, Ha-Chan, and episodes of Narcos, Tokyo Vice, and One Piece.
Josef Lakonishok
Josef Lakonishok is a finance economist known for research on value investing, market anomalies, and institutional trading, and co-founder and CEO of LSV Asset Management, a Chicago quantitative value manager.
Josef Landsberg
Josef Landsberg (Karl Josef Landsberg, 1890-1964), Swedish road cyclist for IFK Örebro; 1912 Stockholm Olympics team road race gold medallist, DNF individual race after being hit by a car; won the Scandinavian Race 1913-14.
Josef Mánes
Josef Mánes (1820–1871) was a Czech painter and printmaker from Prague, best known for the calendar plate of the Prague Astronomical Clock and his folkloric works.
Josef Manger
Josef Manger was a German heavyweight weightlifter who won the over 82.5 kg gold medal at the 1936 Berlin Olympics and world titles in 1937 and 1938.
Josef Maria Eder
Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944) was an Austrian chemist and photochemist credited with the gelatin dry plate, orthochromatic sensitization, and the Eder-Hecht sensitometer, and who founded Europe's first photography school in Vienna.
Josef Martínez
Josef Martínez (born 1993, Valencia, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan forward, 2018 MLS MVP and Golden Boot winner with a record 31 goals, Atlanta United's all-time scorer, later Inter Miami, CF Montréal, and San Jose.
Josef Mattauch
Josef Mattauch (1895–1976) was an Austrian physicist who designed the Mattauch–Herzog double-focusing mass spectrograph, formulated the isobar rule, and led the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz.
Josef Mazura
Josef Mazura, born 1956 in Vyškov, is a Czech football coach and former right back who won Olympic gold with Czechoslovakia at Moscow 1980, the 1977/78 Czechoslovak title with Zbrojovka Brno, and the 1990/91 Austrian Cup with SV Stockerau.
Josef Meixner
Josef Meixner (1908–1994) was a German theoretical physicist, professor at Aachen from 1942 to 1974, who independently founded nonequilibrium thermodynamics in 1941 and gave his name to Meixner polynomials.
Josef Meller
Josef Meller (1874–1968) was an Austrian ophthalmologist and eye surgeon who led the I. University Eye Clinic in Vienna from 1918 to 1944 and wrote a widely used operative manual.
Josef Menčík
Josef Menčík (1870-1945), the Czech "Last Knight" of Strakonice and "Czech Don Quixote", restored the Dobrš fortress and reportedly rode in full armor with a halberd against a German column at Bučina in 1938; his biography mixes documented eccentricity with disputed legend.
Josef Mengele
Josef Mengele, also known as Dr. Mengele, was a German physician and SS captain at Auschwitz-Birkenau who conducted lethal experiments on prisoners and fled justice for 34 years.
Josef Michl
Josef Michl (1939–2024) was a Czech physical organic chemist, professor at the University of Colorado Boulder, known for photochemistry, molecular rotors, and editing Chemical Reviews for 30 years.
Josef Müller-Brockmann
Josef Müller-Brockmann (1914–1996) was a Swiss graphic designer and leading figure of the International Typographic Style, known for his geometric Tonhalle concert posters and book Grid Systems in Graphic Design.
Josef Neckermann
Josef Carl Peter Neckermann (1912-1992), German dressage rider and mail-order entrepreneur; six Olympic medals 1960-1972, world champion 1966; built Neckermann Versand on aryanized Jewish firms including Karl Amson Joel's; founded Deutsche Sporthilfe.
Josef Newgarden
Josef Nicolai Newgarden, born 1990 in Nashville, Tennessee, is an American IndyCar driver for Team Penske, a two-time series champion and winner of back-to-back Indianapolis 500s in 2023 and 2024.
Josef Odlozil
Josef Odložil (Josef Odlozil), Czechoslovak middle-distance runner, 1500 m silver medalist at Tokyo 1964 behind Peter Snell; 2000 m world record holder 1965, husband of Věra Čáslavská, UN peacekeeping commander in Iraq, died 1993.
Josef P. Rauschecker
Josef P. Rauschecker is a cognitive neuroscientist and Professor of Neuroscience at Georgetown University since 1995, known for the dual-stream "what" and "where" model of auditory processing.
Josef Paldus
Josef Paldus (1935–2023) was a Czech-born theoretical chemist who emigrated to Canada and became a distinguished professor at the University of Waterloo, known for foundational work on coupled-cluster theory and unitary group methods.
Josef Panacek
Josef Panáček (1937–2022), Czechoslovak skeet shooter; won 1976 Montreal Olympic gold with 198/200, beating Eric Swinkels in a shoot-off; 1980 European champion; later a coach at Barcelona 1992.
Josef Parvizi
Josef Parvizi is a Norwegian-trained neurologist and cognitive neuroscientist at Stanford University who studies the human brain by recording from and stimulating it directly in neurosurgical patients.