All articles starting with K
16,083 articles
Ketevan the Martyr
Ketevan the Martyr (ქეთევან წამებული) was a queen of Kakheti in eastern Georgia, tortured to death in Persia in 1624 for refusing to convert to Islam.
Kether Donohue
Kether Donohue (born 1985, New York), American actress, singer and voice actress; Lindsay Jillian on You're the Worst, Alice in Pitch Perfect, Donna Thompson in The Bay, and the voice of Peanut Hamper on Star Trek: Lower Decks.
Ketlen Vieira
Ketlen Vieira, "Fenomeno", Brazilian women's bantamweight MMA fighter born 1991 in Amazonas; Nova Uniao judo-based grappler, 10-5 in UFC with wins over Tate, Holm, McMann, Zingano; signed with PFL in 2026, lost to Cris Cyborg, then suspended six months.
Keto acid
A keto acid, also called an oxoacid, is an organic compound containing both a ketone and a carboxylic acid group, central to metabolism and organic synthesis.
Ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), alcoholic, starvation, and euglycemic forms: ketone accumulation from insulin deficiency makes blood acidic; diagnosed by ketones, pH, bicarbonate; treated with fluids, electrolytes, insulin.
Ketoconazole
Ketoconazole (Nizoral) is a Janssen imidazole antifungal, the first oral broad-spectrum drug for systemic mycoses (announced 1977, FDA-approved 1981); oral use was suspended in the EU in 2013 over hepatotoxicity, while topical forms and Cushing's syndrome use remain.
Ketogenesis
Synthesis of ketone bodies (ketogenesis): hepatic mitochondrial pathway converting acetyl-CoA into acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone via ACAT1, HMGCS2 (rate-limiting), HMGCL, and BDH1, active during fasting and suppressed by insulin.
Ketogenic amino acid
A ketogenic amino acid is one whose degradation yields acetyl-CoA or acetoacetate, which form ketone bodies but not glucose; leucine and lysine are the only two.
Ketogenic diet
Ketogenic diet: very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet inducing nutritional ketosis (blood BHB >0.5 mmol/L). Developed by Wilder in 1921 for epilepsy; also used for weight loss, with lipid and ketoacidosis cautions.
Ketohexokinase
Ketohexokinase (KHK, fructokinase), EC 2.7.1.3, is the enzyme that phosphorylates fructose to fructose 1-phosphate, the first step of fructolysis. Two splice isoforms, hepatic KHK-C (Km 0.8 mM) and ubiquitous KHK-A (Km 8 mM); deficiency causes benign essential fructosuria; inhibitors PF-06835919 and LY3522348 are in clinical trials.
Ketolysis
Ketolysis is the mitochondrial breakdown of ketone bodies (β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate) into acetyl-CoA via BDH1, SCOT/OXCT1, and ACAT in brain, heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney; the liver performs ketogenesis but not ketolysis.
Ketone
A ketone, also called an alkanone, is an organic compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms; the smallest, acetone, is a common solvent.
Ketone bodies
Ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone, beta-hydroxybutyrate) are liver-derived alternative fuels made during fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, and exercise; normal levels under 0.1 mmol/L, DKA threshold 3.0 mmol/L.
Ketone body metabolism
Ketone body metabolism: hepatic mitochondrial synthesis of acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone from acetyl-CoA (ketogenesis) and extrahepatic oxidation via SCOT (ketolysis), active in fasting and diabetic ketoacidosis.
Ketone body transport
Ketone body transport is the movement of ketone bodies from the liver through the blood into tissues like brain, muscle, and heart via monocarboxylate transporters.
Ketonuria
Ketonuria, also called urine ketones or ketone bodies in urine, is the excretion of acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone in urine during fasting, ketogenic diet, pregnancy, or diabetic ketoacidosis; dipstick tests detect acetoacetate but not beta-hydroxybutyrate.
Ketoprak
Ketoprak, also spelled kethoprak, is a traditional Javanese staged drama combining dialogue, song, dance, comedy, and gamelan music, performing stories from Javanese legend, history, and everyday life.
Ketoprofen
Ketoprofen (C16H14O3) is a propionic acid derivative NSAID inhibiting COX-1/COX-2, synthesized by Rhône-Poulenc in 1967 and marketed since 1973; US approval 1986 (Orudis), OTC 12.5 mg tablets 1995, with topical photoallergy risk and veterinary use (KetoMed).
Ketorolac
Ketorolac (Toradol) is a potent non-selective COX-inhibiting NSAID given orally, IV, IM, intranasally, or as eye drops for short-term (up to 5 days) moderate-to-severe acute pain, with opioid-sparing effects but the highest GI bleeding risk among NSAIDs.
Ketosis
Ketosis, medically called hyperketonemia, is a metabolic state in which blood ketone bodies rise because the body burns fatty acids, occurring in fasting, exercise, and ketogenic diets.
Ketosteroid isomerase
Ketosteroid isomerase (KSI, EC 5.3.3.1, steroid Δ-isomerase) is a bacterial homodimeric enzyme converting 3-oxo-Δ5-steroids to Δ4 isomers via a dienolate intermediate, cofactor-free, near diffusion-limited, a model for enzyme electrostatic catalysis.
Ketotic hypoglycemia
Ketotic hypoglycemia (KH), also called idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia or accelerated starvation, is hypoglycemia with elevated ketones in children after fasting or illness; the most common childhood hypoglycemia cause, typically ages 10 months to 6 years, remitting by school age.
Ketotifen
Ketotifen (Zaditen, Zaditor, Totifen) is a sedating first-generation H1-antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer developed by Sandoz in 1970, used orally for asthma prophylaxis and allergy and as 0.025% eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis; not first-line asthma therapy per guidelines.
KETProject trial
KETProject (KETAMIM, NCT04234776) was a University of São Paulo Phase 4 quadruple-blind trial of intramuscular ketamine 0.75 mg/kg versus escitalopram plus aripiprazole in treatment-resistant depression, reporting comparable efficacy and no serious events.
Ketsumeidan
Ketsumeidan (血盟団) was a Japanese right-wing secret group led by Inoue Nisshō that assassinated former Finance Minister Inoue Junnosuke and Mitsui president Dan Takuma in 1932.
Ketsumeishi
Ketsumeishi (ケツメイシ) is a Japanese hip-hop and J-pop group formed around 1996, known for the 2005 number-1 hit "さくら" and now performing as a trio.
Kettama
KETTAMA (Evan Campbell, born 1997, Galway) is an Irish DJ and producer of sample-based, high-energy house and rave music. Known for the 2018 Bucklyn Bridge EP, G-Town Records, Steel City Dance Discs ties, and the 2025 debut album Archangel.
Kettering
Kettering is a Northamptonshire market town, chartered in 1227 under Peterborough Abbey, that grew through boot and shoe making; population 63,150 (2021), with Roman settlement remains and the Manor House Museum.
Kettering Bug
The Kettering Bug, formally the Kettering Aerial Torpedo, was an unmanned American flying bomb developed by Charles F. Kettering in 1918 and a forerunner of the cruise missile.
Kettering Town F.C.
Kettering Town F.C., the Poppies, English non-League club formed 1872, founding Alliance Premier League member 1979, first British shirt-sponsorship club (1976), FA Cup goals record 922, plays at Latimer Park.