All articles starting with L
25,375 articles
Lead climbing
Lead climbing: roped climbing where the leader clips the rope into bolts or gear above the last protection, facing leader falls; an IFSC and Olympic sport climbing discipline since Tokyo 2020.
Lead contamination in Washington, D.C., drinking water
Lead contamination in Washington, D.C., drinking water was a crisis from 2001 to 2004, when a switch to chloramine disinfection corroded lead service lines and raised lead levels fivefold.
Lead dioxide
Lead dioxide, also called lead peroxide, is a dark-brown, insoluble oxide of lead in the +4 oxidation state that serves as the positive-plate active material of lead-acid batteries.
Lead Edge Capital
Lead Edge Capital is a growth equity firm in New York City, founded in 2011, that invests in software, internet, and technology businesses, including Alibaba, Spotify, and ByteDance.
Lead extraction (cardiology)
Lead extraction is the percutaneous removal of a pacemaker or defibrillator lead implanted for more than one year, using locking stylets, sheaths, or laser energy, most often for infection.
Lead generation
Lead generation, or lead-gen, is the marketing and sales activity of capturing prospective customers' contact information so a company can qualify them and convert them into customers.
Lead glass
Lead glass, also known as lead crystal, is glass containing at least 20 percent lead oxide, prized for its brilliance and used in tableware and radiation shielding.
Lead glass hot cell window
A lead glass hot cell window is a thick, lead-oxide-bearing viewing window installed in a hot cell wall, shielding operators watching remote handling of radioactive materials.
Lead halide perovskite
A lead halide perovskite is a semiconductor with the ABX₃ crystal formula, combining strong absorption and defect tolerance with low-cost solution processing; solar cells reached 27.2% efficiency in 2025.
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are nanometre-sized semiconductor crystals of formula APbX₃, first synthesized as colloids in 2015, used in displays, solar cells, lasers, and photodetectors despite lead toxicity and instability.
Lead implantation (cardiology)
Lead implantation is the cardiology procedure of placing insulated electrode wires into the heart chambers and connecting them to a pacemaker, ICD, or CRT pulse generator.
Lead line (nautical)
A lead line, also called a sounding line, is a marked rope with a lead weight used for centuries to measure water depth and sample the seabed.
Lead magnesium niobate
Lead magnesium niobate (PMN) is a lead-based perovskite ceramic and crystal that is the prototypical relaxor ferroelectric, first found in 1958; its PMN-PT crystals hold records for piezoelectric response.
Lead oxide
Lead oxide is the family of lead–oxygen compounds, including lead monoxide (litharge or massicot), red lead, and lead dioxide, used for millennia in silver refining, batteries, glass, and pigments.
Lead paint
Lead paint is paint containing lead, a toxic metal, used for centuries and banned for US residential use in 1978 because it causes lead poisoning.
Lead poisoning
Lead poisoning, also called lead toxicity, is the toxic condition caused by absorption of lead into blood and tissues, particularly harmful to young children and women of child-bearing age.
Lead rubber bearing
A lead rubber bearing (LRB) is a seismic isolation device with a lead core, developed in New Zealand in the early 1970s by W. H. Robinson.
Lead screw
A lead screw, also called a power screw or translation screw, is a threaded shaft that converts rotary motion into linear motion, moving a nut or load along the shaft.
Lead shielding
Lead shielding is the use of lead as a barrier material to attenuate ionizing radiation, most commonly gamma rays and X rays, between a source and people.
Lead styphnate
Lead styphnate, lead 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinate, is a toxic orange-yellow primary explosive used in most modern firearm percussion primers and detonators, though it is a poor initiator of detonation.
Lead sulfate
Lead sulfate (PbSO₄) is an inorganic salt of lead(II) and sulfate that forms at both electrodes when a lead-acid battery discharges; its buildup causes sulfation.
Lead telluride
Lead telluride (PbTe) is a narrow-gap IV-VI semiconductor with the cubic rocksalt structure, one of the principal thermoelectric materials for power generation in the 500 to 800 K range.
Lead telluride thermoelectrics
Lead telluride thermoelectrics are materials based on PbTe, a narrow-bandgap semiconductor that converts heat to electricity, used in spacecraft generators since the early space program.
Lead time
Lead time is the total time a customer must wait to receive a product after placing an order, a measure used in manufacturing and supply chain management.
Lead titanate
Lead titanate (PbTiO₃) is a ferroelectric perovskite oxide ceramic with a Curie temperature of about 490 °C and the largest tetragonality among perovskite titanates, best known as the titanium-rich end member of the PZT piezoelectric system.
Lead vocalist
Lead vocalist, also called lead singer or frontman/frontwoman, is the band member who sings a song's melody, the most prominent voice in popular music groups; in K-pop it names the second-strongest singer after the main vocalist.
Lead zirconate titanate
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT), a ceramic solid solution of lead zirconate and lead titanate discovered in 1953, is the most widely used piezoelectric ceramic in commercial electronics.
LEAD-1 trial
LEAD-1 SU (NCT00318422), first trial of the LEAD liraglutide phase 3 program: 26-week, five-arm trial adding liraglutide 0.6–1.8 mg, rosiglitazone, or placebo to glimepiride in 1041 type 2 diabetes patients; HbA1c fell 1.1% with higher doses.
LEAD-2 trial
LEAD-2 (NCT00318461) trial: 26-week phase-III randomized trial by Nauck et al. testing liraglutide 0.6–1.8 mg added to metformin versus glimepiride or placebo in 1,091 type 2 diabetes patients; HbA1c −1.0%, weight loss, low hypoglycemia.
Lead-210
Lead-210 (²¹⁰Pb) is a radioactive isotope of lead with a half-life of about 22.3 years, formed in the uranium-238 decay series and used to date recent sediments and snow.