All articles starting with L
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Languages of the United States
The languages of the United States comprise English, designated the official language by executive order in 2025, plus more than 350 others, led by Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, and Arabic.
Languages of Timor-Leste
Languages of Timor-Leste (East Timor): Tetum and Portuguese are official under Constitution Article 13, Indonesian and English working languages, with about 26 local languages (Austronesian and Papuan) and Tetum as lingua franca.
Languages of Turkey
Languages of Turkey: Turkish (official, 90% mother tongue, ~75 million speakers) plus Kurdish, Arabic, Zaza, Circassian, Laz, Armenian, Greek, Ladino and others; 1928 Latin alphabet, 1932 language reform, Turkic agglutinative family.
Languages of Uganda
Languages of Uganda: multilingual country with English as official language, Swahili as second official language, 41 living languages per Ethnologue, Luganda the most spoken indigenous language, four language groups.
Languages of Ukraine
Languages of Ukraine: Ukrainian is the sole state language (Law 2704-VIII, 2019); Russian and minority languages have defined roles. Covers the 1918 first language law, imperial bans, Soviet russification, surzhyk, 2001 census figures, and wartime language shift.
Languages of Venezuela
Languages of Venezuela: Spanish (castellano) as official language, indigenous languages official in their communities, and Venezuelan Sign Language (LSV, Lengua de Señas Venezolana), legally recognized, with about 15,000 first-language signers and a 1985-1996 bilingual deaf-education model.
Languages of Zimbabwe
Languages of Zimbabwe: 16 officially recognized languages under the 2013 Constitution, with English dominant in government and education, Shona the largest indigenous language, and Ndebele the main minority language.
Languages used on the Internet
Languages used on the Internet, or web content languages: English dominates at about 49.5% of websites (W3Techs), followed by Spanish, German, Japanese, and French, while Chinese, Hindi, and Arabic are heavily underrepresented relative to their speaker populations.
Langue and parole
Langue and parole: Ferdinand de Saussure's founding distinction between the socially shared language system (langue) and individual speech acts (parole), from the posthumous 1916 Cours de linguistique générale, later paralleled by Chomsky's competence/performance.
Languedoc
Languedoc, former French province named for the langue d'oc, between Rhône, Mediterranean, Garonne and Massif Central; joined France 1229/1271, divided into eight departments in 1790, now mostly in Occitanie; major wine region and UNESCO royal fortresses.
Languedoc-Roussillon
Languedoc-Roussillon, former administrative region of southern France (Lozère, Gard, Hérault, Aude, Pyrénées-Orientales), merged with Midi-Pyrénées into Occitanie on 1 January 2016; major wine producer with persistent unemployment.
Langues d'oïl
Langues d'oïl: Romance languages of northern France, southern Belgium, the Channel Islands and Swiss Jura, named by Dante from oïl, the old word for "yes"; French descends from francien, one of them.
Langwieser Viaduct
The Langwieser Viaduct is a single-track reinforced concrete railway viaduct near Langwies in Graubünden, Switzerland, carrying the Rhaetian Railway's Chur–Arosa line across the Plessur valley.
Lanham Act
The Lanham Act, also the Trademark Act of 1946 (15 U.S.C. § 1051 et seq.), is the primary U.S. federal trademark statute, signed July 5, 1946, establishing national registration, infringement, and dilution protection.
Lanhu (蓝湖)
Lanhu (蓝湖) is a Chinese collaborative design SaaS platform launched in January 2017 by founder and CEO Ren Yanghui, reaching a reported USD1 billion valuation in 2021.
Lanhydrock House
Lanhydrock House is a Grade I listed country house near Bodmin, Cornwall, built by the Robartes family from 1620, gutted by fire in 1881, rebuilt by Richard Coad, and owned by the National Trust since 1953.
Lani F. Wu
Lani F. Wu is a systems biologist and professor of pharmaceutical chemistry at UCSF since 2014 who studies cellular individuality and drug resistance, co-founding Nine Square Therapeutics.
Lani Hall
Lani Hall (Lani Hall Alpert), American vocalist born in Chicago, original lead singer of Sergio Mendes' Brasil '66 on "Mas Que Nada"; two-time Grammy winner for Es Fácil Amar and Herb Alpert's Steppin' Out.
Lani Misalucha
Lani Misalucha is a Filipina singer known for a five-octave range, dubbed "Asia's Nightingale," and the first Asian artist to headline a Las Vegas Strip showroom.
Lani O'Grady
Lani O'Grady (Lanita Rose Agrati, 1954–2001), American actress and talent agent, Mary Bradford on ABC's Eight Is Enough (1977–1981, 112 episodes); died of multiple drug intoxication at 46 in Valencia, California.
Lani Pallister
Lani Pallister, Australian distance freestyle swimmer born 2002 in Kogarah, NSW; Paris 2024 4x200m relay Olympic champion, short course 800m world record holder (7:54.00), and first swimmer to beat Katie Ledecky over 800m internationally.
Lani Wendt Young
Lani Wendt Young, born 1973, is a Samoan writer and publisher known for the Telesā young adult fantasy series, the first series of YA novels set in Samoa.
Laniakea Supercluster
Laniakea Supercluster, the supercluster of galaxies containing the Milky Way, was defined in 2014 as the region where galaxy motions flow toward a common gravitational center.
Lanifibranor
Lanifibranor (IVA337) is Inventiva's investigational oral pan-PPAR agonist for MASH/NASH; positive Phase 2b NATIVE trial, FDA Breakthrough Therapy status, Phase 3 NATiV3 readout expected Q4 2026.
Lanig Mons
Lanig Mons is a 400-km-diameter mons on Venus at 68.5°S, 91°E, IAU-approved in 1997 and named for the Semang creator goddess of the Malay Peninsula.
Lanin
Lanin (Lanín) is a 3,776-m symmetrical stratovolcano on the Chile-Argentina border, eastern end of the Villarrica-Quetrupillán-Lanín chain, bimodal basalt-dacite magmatism, no historical eruptions, last known eruption 560 CE.
Lanio
Lanio (shrike-tanagers), genus of four tanager species (Thraupidae) established by Vieillot in 1816; type species Lanio fulvus; named for shrike-like bills; Central and South American canopy flock birds.
LaNiO3 perovskite OER catalyst
LaNiO3 perovskite OER catalyst refers to lanthanum nickelate, a metallic perovskite oxide studied as a low-cost, earth-abundant electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline water splitting.
LaNisha Cole
LaNisha Cole (Lanisha Diane Cole, born 1982, Pasadena, California) is an American model and photographer, a Price Is Right model for eight seasons (2003-2010) and Deal or No Deal briefcase #15 model, later a Los Angeles photographer and mother of Nick Cannon's daughter Onyx (2022).
Lanius
Lanius (Linnaeus, 1758) is the genus of true shrikes, family Laniidae, predatory songbirds that impale prey on thorns; about 32 species, African origin, Miocene diversification with C4 grass expansion.