All articles starting with M
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Musth
Musth is a periodic sexually active, aggressive state of mature male elephants of all three extant species, marked by temporal gland secretion, urine dribbling, and testosterone often above 100 ng/ml; woolly mammoths had it too.
Mustiae
Mustiae (Mustia), an unlocated ancient oppidum of Magna Graecia in Bruttium, southern Italy, known only from Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 3.95; perhaps at Cocynthum promontory, modern Punta Stilo, near Kaulonia.
Mustique
Mustique: private island in the Grenadines, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, bought by Colin Tennant in 1958 and run by the homeowner-owned Mustique Company; about 109 villas, one hotel, Basil's Bar, and a 1,000-yard no-take conservation area.
Musulamii
The Musulamii were a Berber tribal confederation of southern Numidia and parts of Africa Proconsularis, first named in AD 5–6 and best known for Tacfarinas' revolt of AD 17–24.
Musulmonqul
Musulmonqul (Мусулмонқул) was a Qipchaq leader in the Khanate of Kokand who ruled as regent for Khudoyar Khan from 1844 until his death in 1852.
Musunuri Nayakas
The Musunuri Nayakas (ముసునూరి నాయకులు) were a 14th-century Telugu nayaka confederation that led resistance to Delhi Sultanate rule, recovering Warangal in 1336 under Kapaya Nayaka.
Muswell Hill
Muswell Hill is a hilltop residential district in Haringey, north London (N10), known for Edwardian architecture, its conservation area, Alexandra Palace, and the former Muswell Hill Railway, closed to passengers in 1954.
Mut
Mut (Mwt), ancient Egyptian mother goddess, wife of Amun and mother of Khonsu in the Theban triad, Queen of the Gods from the New Kingdom, vulture-headdress iconography, cult center at the Mut Precinct, South Karnak.
Muta Mestri (ముఠా మేస్త్రి)
Muta Mestri (ముఠా మేస్త్రి), also Mutha Mestri or Mutamestri, is a 1993 Telugu action drama starring Chiranjeevi, Meena, and Roja, directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy with Raj–Koti music, about market worker Bose turned politician, released 17 January 1993, a hit that won Chiranjeevi a Filmfare Award.
Mutafukaz
Mutafukaz (US title MFKZ) is a 2017 Franco-Japanese adult animated sci-fi action film by Guillaume "Run" Renard and Shojiro Nishimi, adapting his Ankama comic; Angelino, half-alien Macho, fights invaders in Dark Meat City.
Mutagen
Mutagen: a chemical or physical agent causing mutations; first mutagen was X-rays (Muller, 1927), first chemical mutagen mustard gas (Auerbach and Robson, 1942); tested via Ames and micronucleus OECD guidelines.
Mutagenicity
Mutagenicity: the ability of an agent to cause irreversible, transmissible DNA or chromosome changes; a subset of genotoxicity. Measured chiefly by the 1973 Ames Salmonella test, it anchors OECD, EPA, and ICH chemical and pharmaceutical regulation.
Mutaguchi Renya
Mutaguchi Renya (牟田口廉也, 1888–1966) was a lieutenant general of the Imperial Japanese Army, the field commander at the 1937 Marco Polo Bridge Incident and commander of the catastrophic 1944 Imphal offensive.
Mutakkil-Nusku
Mutakkil-Nusku was a king of Assyria around 1133 BC who won a succession fight against his brother Ninurta-tukulti-Aššur, drove him to Babylonia, and briefly held the throne.
Mutalayiram
Mutalayiram (முதலாயிரம், "the First Thousand") is the first of the four divisions of the Nalayira Divya Prabandham, the Tamil hymns of the twelve Azhvars, spanning pasurams 1 to 947.
Mutallu
Mutallu, called Muwattalli in Assyrian records, was the last attested king of Kummuh, a Late Hittite kingdom on the upper Euphrates annexed by Sargon II in 708 BC.
Mutant
Mutant: an organism, cell, or gene carrying a mutation, a change in DNA sequence. Term coined by Hugo de Vries in his 1901 mutation theory; germline mutants are heritable, somatic are not; rates vary from RNA viruses to humans.
Mutant (Marvel Comics)
Mutants (Homo superior) in Marvel Comics are humans born with the X-gene, which grants superhuman powers that typically emerge at puberty. Introduced in X-Men #1 (1963) by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, they anchor the X-Men franchise and serve as an allegory of prejudice and discrimination.
Mutant Enemy
Mutant Enemy (Mutant Enemy Productions, later Mutant Enemy Inc.) is Joss Whedon's production company, founded to make Buffy the Vampire Slayer; it also produced Angel, Firefly, Dollhouse, Dr. Horrible, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., and The Nevers, with the "Grr. Argh." demon logo.
Mutant X (TV series)
Mutant X is a syndicated Marvel-licensed science fiction action series (2001–2004) about genetically engineered mutants led by Adam Kane, starring John Shea and Victoria Pratt, shaped by a Fox lawsuit over X-Men rights.
Mutants & Masterminds
Mutants & Masterminds (M&M) is Green Ronin's d20-based superhero tabletop RPG, debuting 2002, with point-buy power points, Power Level caps, condition-based damage, and Hero Points; editions through 3e and a planned 4e in 2026.
Mutapa Empire
The Mutapa Empire, also called Monomotapa, was a Shona kingdom in northern Zimbabwe along the Zambezi, founded around 1450 by Nyatsimba Mutota and known for trading gold and ivory through the East African coast.
Mutapa IF
Mutapa Investment Fund is Zimbabwe's sovereign wealth fund and state holding company, created by a 2014 act and renamed in 2023, holding state-owned enterprises valued at about US$16 billion.
Mutara II Rwogera
Mutara II Rwogera was a nineteenth-century king (mwami) of Rwanda of the Nyiginya dynasty who annexed the neighboring kingdom of Gisaka and was succeeded by his son Kigeli IV Rwabugiri.
Mutara III Rudahigwa
Mutara III Rudahigwa (Charles Léon Pierre, 1911–1959) was Mwami (king) of Rwanda 1931–1959 under Belgian rule; first Catholic convert king, consecrated Rwanda to Christ the King in 1946, abolished ubuhake in 1954, died in Bujumbura on 25 July 1959, succeeded by Kigeli V.
Mutare
Mutare (Umtali until 1982) is Zimbabwe's third largest city and capital of Manicaland Province, population 224,802 (2022 census), founded 1891, moved three times, gateway to Beira port.
Mutassim Gaddafi
Mutassim Gaddafi (Almuatesem Bellah Muammer Qadhafi), fourth son of Muammar Gaddafi and Libya's national security adviser, was captured by Misrata fighters outside Sirte on 20 October 2011 and died in custody; his killing remains under-investigated.
Mutation
Mutation: a permanent change in DNA sequence, now usually called a variant in clinical use. Covers germline versus somatic changes, causes, measured rates from RNA viruses to humans, and mutation-rate evolution.
Mutation (genetic algorithm)
Mutation in a genetic algorithm is the operator that randomly alters individual genes of a candidate solution with a low per-gene probability, maintaining diversity and preventing premature convergence.
Mutation breeding
Mutation breeding is a plant breeding method that induces genetic mutations with gamma rays, X-rays, or chemicals like EMS, then selects improved individuals, yielding over 3,400 cultivars in 75+ countries.