All articles starting with M
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Many-body dispersion method
The many-body dispersion (MBD) method is a model for the long-range van der Waals energy of molecules and solids that treats all atoms collectively rather than as independent pairs.
Many-body localization
Many-body localization (MBL) extends Anderson localization to interacting quantum systems: strong quenched disorder stops transport and thermalization, letting the system remember its local initial conditions indefinitely.
Many-body mobility edge
A many-body mobility edge is a critical energy in the spectrum of an interacting, disordered quantum system separating many-body localized eigenstates from ergodic ones; its existence in the thermodynamic limit is contested.
Many-body simulation
Many-body simulation is the numerical study of many interacting particles in physics and chemistry, where exact calculation is impossible; methods include molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo, and tensor networks.
Many-objective optimization
Many-objective optimization is the branch of multiobjective optimization that handles problems with more than three or four conflicting objectives, using evolutionary algorithms that balance convergence and diversity.
Many-one reduction
Many-one reduction, also called mapping reduction, is a way of comparing decision problems in computability theory: A reduces to B when a computable function preserves membership.
Many-shot jailbreaking
Many-shot jailbreaking is an attack on large language models, introduced by Anthropic in April 2024, that floods a long prompt with fake dialogues showing the assistant complying with harmful requests.
Many-sorted logic
Many-sorted logic is a version of first-order logic in which quantification ranges over several distinct domains, called sorts; it underlies the SMT-LIB standard used by SMT solvers.
Many-valued logic
Many-valued logic, also called multivalued logic, is a family of logical systems generalizing classical two-valued logic to three or more truth values, originating with Jan Łukasiewicz in 1920 and including fuzzy logic.
Many-worlds interpretation
The many-worlds interpretation, also called Everett's relative-state formulation, is an interpretation of quantum mechanics, proposed by Hugh Everett III in 1957, in which the wave function never collapses.
Manya Surve
Manya Surve (Manohar Arjun Surve, 1944–1982) was a chemistry graduate from Kirti College who became a Mumbai underworld gangster and was shot dead on 11 January 1982 near Ambedkar College, Wadala, in the Mumbai police's first recorded encounter killing.
Manyara Region
Manyara Region (Mkoa wa Manyara) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions, created in 2002 when part of Arusha Region was split off; its capital is Babati.
Manycore Tech
Manycore Tech (群核科技) is a Chinese cloud-native spatial design software company based in Hangzhou, founded in 2011, known for the home-design platform Kujiale and its international version Coohom.
Manyo Botanical Garden
Manyo Botanical Garden (萬葉植物園), at Kasuga Taisha in Nara, Japan, opened 1932 as the country's oldest Man'yō botanical garden, displaying about 300 plant species named in the Man'yōshū, founded by scholar Sasaki Nobutsuna.
Manyuan Long
Manyuan Long (龙漫远) is a Chinese-born evolutionary geneticist at the University of Chicago known for research on how new genes originate, from duplication to de novo birth from noncoding DNA.
ManyVids
ManyVids is a Montreal-based adult content marketplace and social platform, launched in 2014 and co-founded by Bella French, where creators sell clips they own outright.
Manzai
Manzai (漫才) is Japanese two-person comic banter with boke and tsukkomi roles, descended from New Year mansai; modern conversation-only manzai was created by Yokoyama Entatsu and Hanabishi Achako in 1930 Osaka, popularized by their 1933 hit Sōkeisen.
Manzan-Gurme Tesserae
Manzan-Gurme Tesserae is a 1,354 km-wide tessera terrain feature on Venus at 39.0N, 359.5E, IAU-approved in 1985 and named for a fate-book ancestress in Mongol, Tibetan, and Buriat myth.
Manzanar
Manzanar War Relocation Center: Owens Valley, California camp where the U.S. confined 11,070 Japanese Americans (March 1942 to November 21, 1945); first of ten WRA camps, now Manzanar National Historic Site.
Manzanillo (Manuel Álvarez Moreno) power station
The Manzanillo power station, formally the General Manuel Álvarez Moreno complex, is a CFE-run generating complex at Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico. Opened in 1982, it now reaches 2,860 MW.
Manzanillo (Mexico) LNG Terminal
The Manzanillo LNG Terminal, also known as the KMS Terminal or Terminal de GNL de Manzanillo, is an LNG regasification terminal at the Port of Manzanillo, Colima, commissioned in 2012.
Manzanita
Manzanita (Arctostaphylos) is a largely Californian genus of Ericaceae shrubs with red peeling bark and apple-like drupes; fire-adapted, with obligate-seeder and burl-sprouting species, several rare and protected.
Manzil (मंज़िल)
Manzil (मंज़िल) is a 1979 Hindi romantic drama by Basu Chatterjee, a remake of Mrinal Sen's Akash Kusum, starring Amitabh Bachchan and Moushumi Chatterjee, remembered for the song Rimjhim Gire Saawan.
Manzinus (lunar crater)
Manzinus is a 95.97 km pre-Nectarian impact crater at 67.51°S, 26.37°E in the lunar southern highlands, named for Italian astronomer Carlo Antonio Manzini and studied as a Luna-25 landing-site region.
Manzoor Hussain
Manzoor Hussain (منظور حسین), known as Manzoor Junior, Pakistani field hockey forward (1958–2022); 175 caps, 86 goals; bronze 1976, gold 1984 Olympics as captain; World Cup winner 1978, 1982.
Manzoor Hussain Atif
Manzoor Hussain Atif (منظور حسین عاطف), Pakistani field hockey full back and Brigadier; Olympic gold 1960 and silvers 1956, 1964; managed golds 1968 and 1984; not the later player Manzoor Hussain Junior.
Mao (card game)
Mao (also Mau) is a shedding card game of the Eights family, like Uno with a standard deck, whose extra rules are secret; new players deduce them by trial and error while rule-breakers draw penalty cards.
Mao (Warhol)
Mao (Warhol): Andy Warhol's 1972–1973 series of 199 silkscreen paintings and ten screenprints of Mao Zedong, based on Zhang Zhenshi's official portrait from the Little Red Book, begun after Nixon's 1972 China trip.
Mao Anqing (毛岸青)
Mao Anqing (毛岸青, 1923–2007), second son of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui, was a Russian translator and Academy of Military Sciences researcher who suffered mental illness and never entered politics; after Mao Anying died in Korea he was Mao's only surviving son.
Mao Anying (毛岸英)
Mao Anying (毛岸英), 1922–1950, eldest son of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui; Soviet-trained Red Army tank officer, Russian interpreter to Peng Dehuai in the Korean War, killed in a 1950 US air strike, buried at Hoechang, subject of the egg fried rice controversy.