All articles starting with M
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MOLT-4
MOLT-4 (CVCL_0013, ATCC CRL-1582) is a human T lymphoblast leukemia cell line established in 1971 from a 19-year-old man with ALL in relapse, sister line of MOLT-3; a standard T-ALL and HIV research model in the NCI-60 panel.
Moltbook
Moltbook was a Reddit-style social network where only AI agents could post, created by Matt Schlicht in January 2026 and acquired by Meta that March.
Molten carbonate electrolysis
Molten carbonate electrolysis (MCE), also called molten salt CO₂ capture and electrochemical transformation, splits CO₂ in molten carbonate at 500–950 °C into solid carbon or CO and oxygen.
Molten carbonate fuel cell
A molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is a high-temperature fuel cell that uses molten carbonate salts as its electrolyte and operates at about 650 degrees C for stationary power generation.
Molten chloride salt
A molten chloride salt is a mixture of chloride salts such as MgCl₂, KCl, and NaCl kept molten for heat transfer, energy storage, and nuclear reactors.
Molten chloride salt thermal energy storage
Molten chloride salt thermal energy storage is a high-temperature storage technology using liquid chloride salts such as NaCl-KCl-MgCl2, stable above 400–800 °C for power generation.
Molten chloride salts for concentrated solar power
Molten chloride salts for concentrated solar power are a cheap MgCl2/KCl/NaCl mixture for next-generation CSP plants near 720 °C, paired with supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles.
Molten oxide electrolysis
Molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) is a carbon-free steelmaking process developed from MIT research, in which electric current reduces molten iron ore to liquid metal while releasing only oxygen.
Molten oxide electrolysis for steelmaking
Molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) for steelmaking is a single-step electrolytic process that reduces iron ore at about 1600 °C, releasing oxygen instead of carbon dioxide.
Molten salt
A molten salt is a salt heated above its melting point into an ionic liquid, used for thermal energy storage in solar plants, aluminum production, and nuclear reactors.
Molten salt electrolysis
Molten salt electrolysis is an electrochemical method using molten salts as electrolytes to deposit, extract, or refine metals at temperatures well above the aqueous range.
Molten Salt Fast Reactor
The Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) is a Generation IV nuclear reactor concept in which molten fluoride salt serves as both liquid fuel and coolant in a fast neutron spectrum.
Molten salt method
The molten salt method, or molten salt synthesis, is a technique that heats inorganic precursors in molten salt to make ceramic powders at lower temperatures.
Molten salt reactor
A molten salt reactor (MSR) is a nuclear fission reactor in which molten salt serves as fuel, coolant, or both instead of solid fuel rods and pressurized water.
Molten salt synthesis
Molten salt synthesis (MSS) is a materials preparation method in which molten inorganic salt serves as the reaction medium for making crystalline powders, nanomaterials, and ceramics at lower temperatures than solid-state reactions.
Molten salt thermal energy storage
Molten salt thermal energy storage stores sensible heat in molten nitrate salts in insulated tanks; it dominates concentrating solar power storage and offers 93–98% thermal round-trip efficiency.
Molten salt thermal storage
Molten salt thermal storage is a high-temperature energy storage method that stores heat in liquid salt tanks, used mainly in concentrating solar power plants to generate steam for turbines.
Molten-metal methane pyrolysis
Molten-metal methane pyrolysis is a hydrogen production process in which methane bubbles through molten metal or salt near 1000 °C, splitting into hydrogen and solid carbon without producing carbon dioxide.
Molten-salt battery
A molten-salt battery is a battery using molten salt as an electrolyte, ranging from primary thermal cells to rechargeable types such as the sodium-sulfur and sodium-metal halide (ZEBRA) batteries.
Molten-Salt Breeder Reactor
The Molten-Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR) was a thermal-spectrum reactor concept from Oak Ridge National Laboratory that used a thorium fuel cycle in circulating molten fluoride salt.
Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment
The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) was an experimental nuclear reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, that ran from 1965 to 1969, with uranium fuel dissolved in circulating molten fluoride salt.
Molten-silicon thermal energy storage
Molten-silicon thermal energy storage is a grid-scale storage concept that stores electricity as heat in silicon at 1414 °C, discharging it as heat or electricity.
Moltke Nunataks
Moltke Nunataks (Moltkenunatakker) are four north-south nunataks rising to about 500 m near the eastern Filchner Ice Front, Luitpold Coast, Antarctica; first mapped by Filchner's 1911-12 German expedition and named for General Helmuth von Moltke.
Moltone, S. Pietro
Moltone, S. Pietro: Pleiades gazetteer name for the San Pietro di Tolve Roman villa near Monte Moltone, Tolve, Basilicata, Italy, pairing a 4th-century BC Hellenistic farmhouse with an imperial villa occupied into the 6th century AD.
Molucca Sea
Molucca Sea, marginal sea of the western Pacific in eastern Indonesia between Sulawesi and Halmahera; about 200,000 km², maximum depth 4,810 m; site of an active arc-arc collision with double-verging subduction of the Molucca Sea Plate and frequent earthquakes.
Molybdenite
Molybdenite is a soft, gray molybdenum sulfide mineral (MoS₂) occurring in hexagonal crystals in igneous and metamorphic rocks, and the only ore used to produce molybdenum.
Molybdenum
Molybdenum is a hard, silvery group 6 transition metal with the sixth highest melting point of any element, best known for strengthening steel and for its role in enzymes.
Molybdenum and tungsten metabolism
Molybdenum and tungsten metabolism is the branch of trace-element biochemistry covering how cells acquire molybdate and tungstate, bound to a pterin cofactor, to power redox enzymes.
Molybdenum blue
Molybdenum blue is the deep-blue material formed by partially reducing acidified molybdate, first reported by Scheele in 1783 and used to measure phosphate in water.
Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, or Moco biosynthesis, is the conserved four-step GTP-to-cPMP-to-MPT pathway (genes MOCS1, MOCS2, MOCS3, GPHN) that activates molybdenum for sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and mARC; defects cause MoCD, treatable in type A with cPMP.