All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
Net bag
A net bag is a carrier made of mesh, an open fabric of knotted or woven cords, used worldwide as a working container and fashion accessory.
Net capital outflow
Net capital outflow is domestic residents' purchases of foreign assets minus foreigners' purchases of domestic assets, and it equals net exports and saving minus investment.
Net ecosystem production
Net ecosystem production (NEP) is the difference between gross primary production and ecosystem respiration in an ecosystem, commonly measured in lakes with the diel oxygen technique.
Net force
Net force is the vector sum of all external forces acting on an object, measured in newtons; internal forces cancel, and by Newton's second law the net force determines acceleration.
Net income
Net income, also called net profit or net earnings, is a business's bottom-line profit or loss for a period: total income minus total expenses, including taxes.
Net international investment position
Net international investment position (NIIP): external financial assets minus external liabilities of an economy at a point in time, under IMF BPM6/BPM7 standards; changes decompose into the current account plus valuation and other flows; global measured gap was −$7.5 trillion in 2024.
Net investment hedge
A net investment hedge is a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation, with gains and losses recognized in equity.
Net lease
Net lease: commercial lease where the tenant pays base rent plus property expenses. Triple net (NNN), the most common form, passes taxes, insurance, and maintenance to the tenant, typically on 10-15 year single-tenant leases.
Net load
Net load, also called net demand or residual load, is total electricity demand minus wind and solar output, and its volatility shapes how much flexibility a grid needs.
Net metering
Net metering, also called net energy metering, is a utility billing program that lets rooftop solar owners offset billed electricity with power they export to the grid.
NET Mexico Gas Pipeline
The NET Mexico Gas Pipeline is a 120-mile Texas intrastate natural gas pipeline from the Agua Dulce Hub to the U.S.-Mexico border, opened in December 2014.
Net national product
Net national product (NNP) is the total market value of goods and services produced by a nation's residents over a period, minus the consumption, or depreciation, of fixed capital.
Net neutrality
Net neutrality is the principle that internet service providers treat all data traffic equally by not blocking, throttling, or selling faster delivery, a term Tim Wu coined in 2003.
Net neutrality in the United States
Net neutrality in the United States is the debate over whether broadband providers should be barred from controlling consumers' use of networks or discriminating against content providers.
Net neutrality law
Net neutrality law governs whether internet service providers must treat all traffic equally, without blocking, throttling, or paid prioritization; the term was coined by Tim Wu in 2003.
Net positive suction head
Net positive suction head (NPSH) is the margin by which a liquid's pressure at a pump inlet exceeds its vapor pressure, used to judge whether the pump will cavitate.
Net Power
Net Power is a Houston-based energy technology company founded in 2010 to generate natural gas power with near-total carbon capture, using its proprietary Allam-Fetvedt Cycle.
Net present value
Net present value (NPV), or net present worth, sums a project's future cash flows discounted to the present, minus the initial investment; positive NPV adds value.
Net promoter score
Net promoter score (NPS) is a customer loyalty metric introduced by Fred Reichheld in 2003, calculated by subtracting the percentage of detractors from the percentage of promoters on a 0–10 recommendation question.
Net radiation
Net radiation is the difference between incoming and outgoing radiative energy at a surface or the top of the atmosphere, driving warming or cooling and Earth's energy budget.
Net revenue retention
Net revenue retention (NRR), also called net dollar retention, is a subscription metric measuring recurring revenue kept from existing customers after expansion, contraction, and churn.
Net run rate
Net run rate (NRR) is cricket's limited-overs tiebreaker: tournament runs scored per over minus runs conceded per over, with all-out sides charged their full over quota and DLS-adjusted figures used in rain-affected matches.
Net Smelter Return
A net smelter return (NSR) is a royalty on mineral production calculated as a percentage of smelter proceeds, after off-site treatment and refining charges but not mining costs.
Net stable funding ratio
The net stable funding ratio (NSFR) is a Basel III liquidity standard requiring a bank's available stable funding to meet one-year requirements, at least 100%.
Net tonnage
Net tonnage (NT) is a dimensionless measure of a ship's useful, revenue-earning capacity, defined by the 1969 Tonnage Convention and widely used as the basis for canal dues.
Net worth
Net worth, also called net wealth, is the value of all assets minus all liabilities at a point in time, used for households, corporations, and nations.
Net Zero Investment Framework
The Net Zero Investment Framework (NZIF) is a guide from the Institutional Investors Group on Climate Change for aligning investor portfolios with net zero by 2050.
Net-Zero Asset Managers initiative
The Net-Zero Asset Managers initiative (NZAM) is a voluntary group of asset managers committed to investing in line with net zero greenhouse gas emissions, launched in December 2020.
Net-Zero Asset Owner Alliance
The Net-Zero Asset Owner Alliance is a United Nations-convened group of institutional investors committed to net-zero portfolios by 2050, with 88 members managing $9.5 trillion in 2024.
Net-Zero Banking Alliance
The Net-Zero Banking Alliance (NZBA) was a UN-convened, bank-led alliance committed to aligning lending and investment with net-zero emissions by 2050; it dissolved in October 2025.