All articles starting with N
16,460 articles
Nanocrystalline steel
Nanocrystalline steel is steel with an internal structure, typically grain size, smaller than 100 nm. It gains exceptional strength from grain-boundary strengthening, but nanostructured steels make up only 0.05% of global production.
Nanodiamond
A nanodiamond is a diamond particle 2 to 100 nm in diameter that retains the properties of bulk diamond and is studied for drug delivery, bioimaging, and quantum sensing.
Nanodiscs
Nanodiscs are disc-shaped nanoscale lipid bilayers, generally 10 to 20 nm across, whose edges are wrapped by amphipathic scaffolds, keeping membrane proteins soluble and functional for structural studies and drug discovery.
Nanoelectromechanical resonator
A nanoelectromechanical resonator is a nanoscale vibrating structure, such as a beam or graphene drum, coupled to electronics and used for mass, gas, and force sensing.
Nanoelectromechanical systems
Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are mechanical devices with critical dimensions in nanometers, built from materials like graphene and MoS₂ and reaching resonant frequencies into the gigahertz range.
Nanofiltration
Nanofiltration (NF) is a pressure-driven membrane separation process that removes divalent ions and small organic molecules from water, used for water softening, dye desalting, and food and pharmaceutical processing.
Nanoflares
A nanoflare is a DNA-coated gold nanoparticle that enters living cells without transfection agents and reports a specific RNA target by fluorescence, introduced at Northwestern University in 2007.
Nanofluidics
Nanofluidics is the study of fluid flow and structure in artificial nanopores and nanochannels around 100 nm down to sub-nanometer scale, enabling ion selectivity and osmotic energy conversion.
Nanofocused X-ray diffraction
Nanofocused X-ray diffraction is a synchrotron-based characterization method in which a hard X-ray beam focused to tens of nanometers maps strain, defects, lattice orientation, and phase in materials.
NANOG
NANOG (Nanog homeobox) is a human gene on chromosome 12 encoding a homeobox transcription factor, identified in 2003 and named after the land of the ever young in Irish legend, that maintains embryonic stem cell pluripotency.
Nanohaloarchaea
Nanohaloarchaea (Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeota) is a candidate class of extremely small, salt-loving archaea known mainly from metagenomic sequences, first reconstructed from Lake Tyrrell, Australia, in 2012.
Nanoimpact electrochemistry
Nanoimpact electrochemistry, or NIE, is a single-entity electrochemistry technique in which nanoparticles randomly strike a biased ultramicroelectrode, yielding current transients used to size particles, study electrocatalysis, and detect biomolecules.
Nanoimprint lithography
Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a nanofabrication method in which a mold is pressed into resist to replicate features below 10 nm, first demonstrated by Stephen Y. Chou in 1995.
Nanoindentation
Nanoindentation is a depth-sensing indentation test that presses a sharp diamond tip nanometers into a material's surface, recording load and depth to extract hardness and elastic modulus.
Nanoka Hara (原菜乃華)
Nanoka Hara (原菜乃華) is a Japanese actress and voice actress born in Tokyo in 2003, known for voicing Suzume Iwato in Makoto Shinkai's Suzume (2022), Kana Arima in Oshi no Ko, and her NHK Anpan lead role.
Nanokhod
Nanokhod is a small tracked, tethered European planetary microrover that carries instruments from a lander to targets tens of meters away, acting as an extended robotic arm.
Nanolattices
Nanolattices are three-dimensional lattice-structured mechanical metamaterials whose struts, plates, or shell walls have nanoscale dimensions, exploiting size effects to combine very low density, sometimes below water's, with strengths approaching steel.
Nanoleaf
Nanoleaf is a Canadian smart-lighting company headquartered in Toronto, founded in 2012, best known for modular LED wall panels, including the 2016 Aurora and the later Shapes.
Nanolipogels
Nanolipogels (NLGs) are hybrid drug-delivery nanoparticles made of a crosslinked nanogel core surrounded by a lipid bilayer, combining hydrogel cargo retention with liposome-like biocompatibility.
Nanolithography
Nanolithography is the fabrication of nanometer-scale structures, used to build integrated circuits, photonic and biological devices. Its main techniques include EUV lithography, electron-beam lithography, and nanoimprint lithography.
Nanomaterial characterization
Nanomaterial characterization is the measurement of physical, chemical, and structural properties of nanoscale materials, such as particle size, surface charge, and morphology, using techniques like DLS.
Nanomaterial-induced endothelial leakiness (NanoEL)
Nanomaterial-induced endothelial leakiness (NanoEL) is a phenomenon in which nanoparticles physically disrupt junctions between vascular endothelial cells, opening gaps that let particles and cargo cross, first described in 2013.
Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials, also known as nanoscale materials, are materials with features between 1 and 100 nanometers that show properties differing from bulk matter, occurring naturally, incidentally, or by design.
Nanomechanical mass sensor
A nanomechanical mass sensor is a micro- or nanoscale vibrating structure, such as a cantilever or carbon nanotube, that weighs adsorbed particles through the resulting shift of its resonance frequency.
Nanomechanical mass spectrometry
Nanomechanical mass spectrometry (NEMS-MS) is an analytical technique that weighs individual molecules, nanoparticles, and viruses by the frequency shift each causes in a nanoscale resonator, measuring mass directly without ionization and working even on neutral particles.
Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine, also called medical nanotechnology or nanotherapeutics, is the use of nanoscale materials to diagnose, monitor, and treat disease, most visibly in lipid nanoparticle mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.
Nanomotion
Nanomotion is an Israeli manufacturer of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors and precision motion stages, founded in 1992 at the Technion and headquartered in Yokne'am, Israel, serving semiconductor, medical, and optronics markets.
Nanook of the North
Nanook of the North (1922) is Robert Flaherty's silent film about an Inuit hunter, staged with Allakariallak and Maggie Nujarluktuk at Inukjuak, funded by Revillon Frères, and considered the first commercially successful feature documentary.
Nanoor Mound
The Nanoor Mound is an archaeological mound at Nanoor in Birbhum district, West Bengal, crowned by the Basuli temple and fourteen Shiva temples, a protected ASI monument.
Nanoparticle
A nanoparticle, also called a nanoparticulate, is a particle with an equivalent diameter of roughly 1 to 100 nm that develops properties different from the bulk material.