All articles starting with O
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Operation Monopoly
Operation Monopoly was a 1977 FBI-NSA covert program that dug a tunnel beneath the Soviet embassy on Mount Alto in Washington, D.C., to intercept Soviet communications. It cost hundreds of millions, yielded negligible intelligence, and was betrayed to the Soviets by FBI spy Robert Hanssen.
Operation Morthor
Operation Morthor was a 1961 United Nations military operation against the secessionist State of Katanga, intended to end the secession and round up foreign mercenaries.
Operation Moses
Operation Moses (Hebrew: מבצע משה) was a covert Israeli-led airlift, run with the United States and Sudan, that brought thousands of Ethiopian Jews to Israel between 1984 and 1985.
Operation Murambatsvina
Operation Murambatsvina, officially Operation Restore Order, was a campaign of forced evictions and demolitions launched by Zimbabwe's government on 19 May 2005, beginning in Harare and spreading nationwide.
Operation Northwind (1944)
Operation Northwind (Unternehmen Nordwind), the last large-scale German offensive in the West, struck the US Seventh Army in Alsace from 31 December 1944 to 25 January 1945, aiming to destroy enemy forces and retake Strasbourg; it failed, leaving the Wehrmacht exhausted.
Operation Northwoods
Operation Northwoods was a 1962 United States Joint Chiefs of Staff plan proposing staged incidents blamed on Cuba to justify invasion, rejected by the Kennedy administration.
Operation Octopus
Operation Octopus was Charles Taylor's NPFL assault on Monrovia and the ECOMOG peacekeepers, launched October 15, 1992 during the First Liberian Civil War; it failed and turned ECOMOG to peace enforcement.
Operation Olive Branch
Operation Olive Branch (Zeytin Dalı Harekâtı), Turkey's 20 January to 18 March 2018 cross-border offensive in Afrin, Syria, with the Syrian National Army against the YPG; captured Afrin city, displaced roughly half its population.
Operation Opera
Operation Opera (Hebrew: מבצע אופרה), also known as Operation Babylon, was a surprise June 7, 1981 Israeli Air Force airstrike that destroyed Iraq's unfinished Osirak nuclear reactor southeast of Baghdad.
Operation Ostra Brama
Operation Ostra Brama (Polish: Operacja "Ostra Brama", "Gate of Dawn") was a July 1944 Polish Home Army attempt to capture Vilnius from the Germans before the Red Army arrived.
Operation Overlord
Operation Overlord, the Allied codename for the 1944 Normandy invasion (D-Day, Operation Neptune), planned by COSSAC under Frederick E. Morgan, executed under Eisenhower's SHAEF with Mulberry artificial harbors.
Operation Paget
Operation Paget was the Metropolitan Police criminal inquiry (2004–2006), led by Lord Stevens, into conspiracy allegations around the 1997 Paris deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales, and Dodi Al Fayed; its 832-page report found no conspiracy and a tragic accident.
Operation Palliser
Operation Palliser was a British military intervention in Sierra Leone launched in May 2000 to evacuate civilians and secure Lungi airport, halting the RUF advance on Freetown.
Operation Paperclip
Operation Paperclip, initially called Operation Overcast, was a secret US program that recruited roughly 1,600 German and Austrian scientists, many of them Nazi Party members, after World War II.
Operation Passage to Freedom
Operation Passage to Freedom was a 1954–1955 humanitarian operation in which the US Navy moved about 310,000 Vietnamese refugees south after the Geneva Accords partitioned Vietnam.
Operation Pastorius
Operation Pastorius (Unternehmen Pastorius) was a failed June 1942 Abwehr plan landing eight German-trained saboteurs by submarine on Long Island and in Florida to hit US war industry; all were arrested within two weeks, six executed, and the case produced Ex parte Quirin.
Operation Pawan (ऑपरेशन पवन)
Operation Pawan (ऑपरेशन पवन, Operation Wind) was the October 1987 Indian Peace Keeping Force assault to seize Jaffna from the LTTE and enforce disarmament under the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, opening a counter-insurgency campaign lasting until 1990.
Operation Pedestal
Operation Pedestal, the Santa Marija Convoy (Italian: Battaglia di Mezzo Agosto), was a British August 1942 supply convoy to besieged Malta; of 14 merchant ships only five, including the tanker SS Ohio, reached Grand Harbour on 15 August, delivering 32,000 tons of supplies and fuel that kept Malta fighting.
Operation Peter Pan
Operation Peter Pan (Operación Pedro Pan) airlifted 14,048 unaccompanied Cuban children to Miami from December 1960 to October 1962 via Catholic Welfare Bureau visa waivers, ending with the Missile Crisis.
Operation Petticoat
Operation Petticoat is a 1959 Blake Edwards submarine comedy starring Cary Grant and Tony Curtis aboard the pink USS Sea Tiger, made by Universal and Granart for over $3 million and earning about $8 million.
Operation Plowshare
Operation Plowshare was a US Atomic Energy Commission program, established in 1957, that tested nuclear explosions for civil projects such as harbors, canals, and gas well stimulation.
Operation Plumbbob
Operation Plumbbob was a series of US nuclear tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site between May 28 and October 7, 1957. It was the sixth largest series, releasing massive amounts of radioactive iodine.
Operation Plunder
Operation Plunder: Montgomery's 21st Army Group assault crossing of the Rhine north of the Ruhr, night of 23 March 1945, with Ninth US Army, British Second Army, and Operation Varsity airborne drop; largest British operation after Overlord.
Operation Pluto
Operation Pluto, also known as Pipe Line Under The Ocean, was a British World War II operation that piped fuel across the English Channel after D-Day.
Operation Popeye
Operation Popeye, also known as Motorpool, was a classified US Air Force cloud-seeding program of the Vietnam War that seeded monsoon clouds over the Ho Chi Minh Trail from 1967 to 1972.
Operation Postmaster
Operation Postmaster: British SOE and Small Scale Raiding Force raid of 14 January 1942 that cut the Italian Duchessa d'Aosta and German Likomba and Bibundi from neutral Santa Isabel harbor, Fernando Po, without losses.
Operation Praying Mantis
Operation Praying Mantis was a 1988 U.S. naval engagement in the Persian Gulf. It was the first time U.S. Navy ships traded surface-to-surface missiles with an opposing force.
Operation Prijedor '95
Operation Prijedor '95 was a planned October 1995 ARBiH 5th Corps offensive toward Prijedor and Banja Luka under Atif Dudaković, halted by international pressure before launch; the Dayton Agreement ended the war 20 km from Banja Luka.
Operation Prime Time
Operation Prime Time (OPT) was a 1976 consortium of American independent TV stations, led by Al Masini of Telerep with MCA-TV/Universal, producing first-run prime time miniseries like Testimony of Two Men and A Woman Called Golda as a de facto fourth network.
Operation Product
Operation Product (Operatie Product), known in Indonesia as the First Dutch Military Aggression, was the first large-scale Dutch offensive of the Indonesian War of Independence, launched in July 1947.