All articles starting with O
9,097 articles
Occupation of Alcatraz
Occupation of Alcatraz: Native American activists of Indians of All Tribes, led by Richard Oakes and LaNada War Jack, occupied Alcatraz Island from November 20, 1969 to June 11, 1971 for nineteen months, demanding treaty recognition and a cultural center; it helped end federal Indian termination policy.
Occupation of Araucanía
The Occupation of Araucanía (Ocupación de la Araucanía) was Chile's military campaign of 1861 to 1883 that ended Mapuche sovereignty and annexed their southern Chilean territory.
Occupation of Constantinople
The occupation of Constantinople was the 1918 to 1923 presence of British, French, and Italian forces in the Ottoman capital under the Armistice of Mudros.
Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945)
Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945): Nazi Germany's annexation of the Sudetenland under the Munich Agreement, March 1939 invasion, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Reichsgau Sudetenland, economic exploitation, Holocaust, resistance, and 1945 liberation.
Occupation of German Samoa
The occupation of German Samoa was New Zealand's seizure and military rule of German Samoa during the First World War, starting with an unopposed landing at Apia in August 1914.
Occupation of Japan
Allied occupation of Japan (1945–1952): U.S.-led post-WWII military occupation under SCAP MacArthur that demilitarized, democratized, and rebuilt Japan, ending with the San Francisco Peace Treaty.
Occupation of Mongolia
Occupation of Mongolia covers the 1919–1921 Chinese reoccupation of Outer Mongolia, the 1921 White Russian and Soviet takeovers of Urga, and Japan's occupation of Inner Mongolia through Mengjiang (1936–1945) under Prince Demchugdongrub.
Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)
Occupation of Poland 1939-1945: German and Soviet military rule after the September 1939 invasion, the General Government under Hans Frank, annexed Reich territories, the Holocaust in occupied Poland, and Polish resistance.
Occupation of Port Arthur (1898)
The occupation of Port Arthur (Аренда Порт-Артура) was the Russian Empire's 1898 acquisition of a 25-year lease over the southern Liaodong Peninsula, including the ice-free ports Port Arthur and Dalny.
Occupation of the Baltic states
Occupation of the Baltic states: successive Soviet (1940-41, 1944-91) and Nazi German (1941-44/45) occupations and annexations of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, with mass deportations, staged 1940 elections, US non-recognition, and restored independence in 1991.
Occupation of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge
The 2016 Malheur National Wildlife Refuge occupation: a 41-day armed takeover led by Ammon and Ryan Bundy protesting rancher prison sentences and federal land control, ending with FBI arrests and mixed trial verdicts.
Occupation of the Rhineland
Allied occupation of the German Rhineland, 1918–1930, under the Versailles Treaty and the Rhineland Agreement of June 28, 1919: left bank plus bridgeheads at Cologne, Coblenz, Mainz, and Kehl, run by the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission at Coblenz and evacuated zone by zone by 1930.
Occupation of the Ruhr
Occupation of the Ruhr (Ruhrbesetzung): Franco-Belgian military occupation of Germany's Ruhr industrial region from 11 January 1923 to 1925, after reparations default; met by state-financed passive resistance, ending in hyperinflation, Stresemann's settlement, and the Dawes Plan.
Occupational Accidents
An occupational accident is a sudden, unforeseen event occurring during or in connection with work that results in injury, illness, or death, as defined by the International Labour Organization.
Occupational acne
Occupational acne, also called acne venenata, is work-related acne from oil, coal tar, or halogenated aromatics; chloracne, its most serious form, signals systemic poisoning by chloracnegens such as dioxins and PCBs.
Occupational burnout
Occupational burnout: WHO ICD-11 occupational phenomenon from chronic unmanaged workplace stress, with exhaustion, cynicism, reduced efficacy; debated versus depression; prevented by organizational interventions.
Occupational contact dermatitis
Occupational contact dermatitis is skin inflammation caused by substances or wet conditions at work, mostly irritant, affecting the hands in up to 80% of cases.
Occupational disease
Occupational disease: a disease contracted from exposure to risk factors arising from work activity, defined by the ILO Protocol of 2002; recognized via causal criteria, listed nationally, compensated no-fault, and monitored through health surveillance.
Occupational Exposure
Occupational exposure: worker contact with physical, chemical, or biological workplace hazards, measured against occupational exposure limits (OELs, PELs, TLVs, RELs) such as 8-hour TWAs and controlled via the hierarchy of controls.
Occupational licensing
Occupational licensing is a government requirement, backed by legal penalties, to obtain a license before performing a specific job, covering about 22% of US workers.
Occupational medicine
Occupational medicine: medical specialty for prevention, diagnosis, and management of work-related illness and injury, fitness-for-work assessment, health surveillance, and return-to-work practice, grounded in WHO and ILO standards.
Occupational safety and health
Occupational safety and health, also known as occupational health, is the field of preventing work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths, guided by the hierarchy of controls and bodies like OSHA and the ILO.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a United States Department of Labor agency created in 1970 that sets and enforces workplace safety and health standards.
Occupational therapist
Occupational therapist (OT): autonomous health professional helping people with injuries, illness, or disabilities perform daily living and work activities. Profession founded 1917; WFOT sets global education standards; US median pay $100,330, 15% projected growth 2025–2035.
Occupational therapy
Occupational therapy: health profession supporting participation in meaningful everyday occupations. Formalized 1917 in the US; global body WFOT founded 1952, 105 member organizations, WHO relations since 1959.
Occupational zoonotic risk in animal work
Occupational zoonotic risk in animal work is the risk that farmers, veterinarians, and abattoir workers contract animal-transmitted infections; a review linked 111 pathogens to such exposure.
Occupied
Occupied (Okkupert) is a Norwegian political thriller series (2015–2019) by Jo Nesbø, Erik Skjoldbjærg, and Karianne Lund: Russia, with EU consent, occupies Norway after it halts oil and gas production; three seasons, 24 episodes.
Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (OETA): British military government of former Ottoman Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, and Transjordan from late 1917, divided into South, North, and East zones, replaced by League mandates in 1920.
Occupy movement
Occupy movement, also called Occupy Wall Street, was a decentralized 2011 protest movement against economic inequality, occupying Zuccotti Park on September 17, 2011, using consensus-based General Assemblies and the slogan "We are the 99%".
Occupy Nigeria
Occupy Nigeria was a wave of mass protests and a nationwide general strike in Nigeria in January 2012, sparked by the government's abrupt removal of the fuel subsidy.