All articles starting with R
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Reichsbank
The Reichsbank, or Deutsche Reichsbank, was the central bank of the German Reich from 1876 to 1945, presiding over the 1923 hyperinflation and financing Nazi rearmament.
Reichsführer-SS
Reichsführer-SS (RfSS/RFSS) was the title and, from August 1934, the highest rank of the SS supreme commander in Nazi Germany. Held by Himmler 1929–1945; five holders total; equivalent to Generalfeldmarschall.
Reichskommissariat
Reichskommissariat (Reich Commissariat): Nazi Germany's civilian occupation administration for conquered, non-annexed territory, headed by a Reichskommissar under the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories; principal units were Ostland and Ukraine.
Reichskommissariat Belgien-Nordfrankreich
Reichskommissariat Belgien-Nordfrankreich (Reichskommissariat für die besetzte Gebiete von Belgien und Nordfrankreich) was the Nazi civil administration set up by Hitler's decree on 13 July 1944 under Reichskommissar Josef Grohé, replacing the Militärverwaltung over Belgium and the Nord and Pas-de-Calais departments until liberation in September 1944.
Reichskommissariat Ostland
Reichskommissariat Ostland (RKO) was the Nazi German civil occupation administration, 1941–44, covering Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Belarus under Reichskommissar Hinrich Lohse in Riga, subordinate to Rosenberg's ministry, and a site of SS mass murder.
Reichskommissariat Ukraine
Reichskommissariat Ukraine (RKU): Nazi German civilian occupation regime for most of Ukraine, 1 September 1941 to April/November 1944, ruled by Erich Koch from Rivne, 339,275 sq km, about 17 million people, under Rosenberg's Eastern Ministry, marked by exploitation, terror, and the Holocaust.
Reichskonkordat
The Reichskonkordat, or Reich concordat, is the treaty between the Holy See and the German Reich signed in Vatican City on 20 July 1933, Hitler's first international agreement.
Reichskriegsflagge
Reichskriegsflagge, the German Reich war flag or Imperial War Ensign: white naval ensign with black cross, Prussian eagle, and Iron Cross canton, used 1867–1918, reissued by Weimar and Nazi Germany, and now a far-right substitute symbol.
Reichsmarine
Reichsmarine (Vorläufige Reichsmarine), the Weimar Republic's German navy, 1919 to June 1935, renamed Kriegsmarine; Versailles-limited to 15,000 men and a token fleet, rebuilt under Raeder.
Reichsmark
The Reichsmark, also known as the Deutsche Reichsmark, was Germany's currency from October 1924 until the 1948 currency reform replaced it with the Deutsche Mark.
Reichsrat (Germany)
Reichsrat (Germany), the Länder chamber of the Weimar Republic 1919–1934, successor to the Bundesrat; state-government delegates with a suspensive veto overridable by two-thirds Reichstag majority; abolished by the Nazis 14 February 1934.
Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
The Reichstag under Nazi Germany (1933-1945), the pseudo-parliament meeting in the Kroll Opera House: after the Enabling Act of 23 March 1933 it became a one-party acclamatory body that met 19 times, adopted 7 laws, and last sat 26 April 1942.
Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
Reichstag of the Weimar Republic, German parliament 1920-1933, elected by proportional representation (one seat per 60,000 votes) for four years; held legislation, budget, and scrutiny powers until presidential cabinets, the 1933 Reichstag fire, and the Enabling Act ended its role.
Reichstag building
The Reichstag building (Reichstagsgebäude) in Berlin is the seat of the German Bundestag, built from 1884 to 1894 by Paul Wallot, burned in 1933, and rebuilt in the 1990s by Norman Foster with a glass dome.
Reichstag dome
The Reichstag dome is a glass and steel cupola by Norman Foster on the Reichstag Building in Berlin, open to visitors above the Bundestag chamber since 1999.
Reichstag fire
Reichstag fire (Reichstagsbrand): arson on February 27, 1933 that destroyed the German parliament's plenary chamber in Berlin; Marinus van der Lubbe was executed for it, and the fire enabled the Reichstag Fire Decree and Hitler's Enabling Act, though responsibility remains debated.
Reichstag Fire Decree
Reichstag Fire Decree (Verordnung zum Schutz von Volk und Staat), signed by Hindenburg on February 28, 1933 under Article 48 after the Reichstag fire; suspended core Weimar civil rights and enabled Nazi arrests of opponents until 1945.
Reichswehr
Reichswehr: the armed forces of Germany 1919–1935, also called Vorläufige Reichswehr, army (Reichsheer) and navy (Reichsmarine) under Versailles' 100,000-man limit; renamed Wehrmacht in March 1935.
Reichwalde Coal Mine
The Reichwalde coal mine (Tagebau Reichwalde) is an open-cast lignite mine in Saxony, Germany, operated by LEAG and supplying the Boxberg power station since 1987.
Reid C. Johnson
Reid C. Johnson is an American molecular biologist and UCLA professor who defined the Salmonella Hin DNA inversion system and isolated Fis, a key DNA-bending protein.
Reid Christian
Reid Christian is an American venture capitalist and general partner at CRV, where he has invested in developer tools and AI companies including Vercel, Tailscale, and Skild AI.
Reid Dennis
Reid Dennis, born Irvine Reid Dennis (1925–2024), was an American venture capitalist who founded Institutional Venture Partners in Menlo Park, California, in 1980 after investing since 1952.
Reid Flair
Reid Flair (Richard Reid Fliehr, 1988-2013), American professional wrestler, youngest son of Ric Flair, brother of David and Charlotte Flair; debuted 2008, wrestled independents and All Japan Pro Wrestling, died of heroin toxicity at 25.
Reid Gilmore
Reid Gilmore is an American biochemist and Professor Emeritus at UMass Chan Medical School whose laboratory helped identify the SRP receptor and define the oligosaccharyltransferase subunits.
Reid Hoffman
Reid Hoffman is an American technology entrepreneur and venture capitalist best known as the co-founder of LinkedIn, sold to Microsoft for $26.2 billion in 2016, and an early OpenAI investor.
Reid Hunt
Reid Hunt (1870–1948) was an American pharmacologist who headed pharmacology at the Public Health Service's Hygienic Laboratory and later Harvard, known for his 1906 acetylcholine findings and the acetonitrile thyroid test.
Reid Miller
Reid Miller (born 1999, Chattanooga, Tennessee) is an American actor, director, and writer, born Michael Coulter Reid Miller; known for Jadin Bell in Joe Bell (2020), Play by Play, Boo Bitch, Feeling Randy, and Almost Popular. Distinct from AP correspondent Reid G. Miller and actor Reid Millar.
Reid Priddy
Reid Priddy (William Reid Priddy, born 1977, Richmond, Virginia) is an American volleyball outside hitter, four-time Olympian, 2008 gold and 2016 bronze medalist, and 2019 Manhattan Beach Open champion.
Reid Scott (actor)
Reid Scott (Reid Scott Weiner, born 1977, Albany, New York), American actor known for Brando in My Boys, Dan Egan in Veep, Gordon Ford in The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, and Detective Vincent Riley in Law & Order; distinct from Noah Reid.
Reid technique
Reid technique: American accusatorial interrogation method by John E. Reid and Fred E. Inbau, three stages and nine steps, contrasted with the PEACE model and criticized for false confession risk.